1、Designation: D 1667 05Standard Specification forFlexible Cellular MaterialsPoly (Vinyl Chloride) Foam(Closed-Cell)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1667; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers flexi
3、ble closed-cell or nonin-terconnecting cellular products, the elastomer content of whichis predominantly poly(vinyl chloride) or copolymers thereof.1.2 In the case of conflict between the provisions of thisspecification and those of detailed specifications or methods oftest for a particular product,
4、 the latter shall take precedence.1.3 Reference to the methods for testing closed-cell poly-(vinyl chloride) contained herein shall specifically state theparticular test or tests desired and not refer to these methods oftest as a whole.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestand
5、ard. The inch-pound units given in brackets are forinformation only.1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to thetest method portions only of this specification: This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility
6、of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.NOTE 1There is no equivalent ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 573 Test Me
7、thod for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD 1056 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSponge or Expanded RubberE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 closed cellan
8、 expanded structure consisting of amultitude of individual, nonconnecting, gas-tight cells.3.1.2 flexible cellular materiala cellular organic poly-meric material which will not rupture when a specimen 200 by25 by 25 mm 8 by 1 by 1 in. is bent around at 25-mm 1-in.diameter mandrel at a uniform rate o
9、f one lap in 5 s at atemperature between 18 and 29C 65 and 85F.3.1.3 surface skinthe smooth surface on the materialformed during manufacture by contact with the molds, coverplate, or air.3.1.4 Vthe ASTM symbol designating nonrigid vinylcellular plastics.3.1.5 vinyl or PVCthese terms refer to poly(vi
10、nyl chlo-ride) or copolymers thereof.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Closed-cell vinyl is produced in sheet, strip, molded, orsimple specific shapes.5. Grades of Closed-Cell Vinyl or PVC-Symbol VE5.1 Closed-cell vinyl shall be designated by two symbolletters VE, indicating V for vinyl and E for clos
11、ed cell. Thegrade shall be designated by two digits, the first of whichdesignates closed cell, and the second of which indicates thedegree of firmness, the softer grades being identified with thelower numbers and the firmer grades with the higher numbers.NOTE 2ExamplesVE-41 is a closed cell (expande
12、d) vinyl of softgrade (see Table 1).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularMaterials - Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published August 2005. Originallyapproved i
13、n 1959. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 1667 - 97.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website
14、.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 If suffix tests are required, suffix letters shall be addedsingly or in combination after any grade number to indi
15、cateadditional requirements beyond those specified in Table 1 asbasic requirements. The significance of the approved suffixletters is as follows:BCompression Set under Constant DeflectionCWeather ResistanceADLoad DeflectionAEOil ResistanceAFLow Temperature18C 0FGTear ResistanceAH1Flex Resistance (Dy
16、namic)AJAbrasion ResistanceAK2Adhesion (Cemented Bond Made After Molding)ALWater Absorption Test Required with Values as Specified in Table 1MFlame ResistanceAPNon-StainingAR1ReboundAR2Energy AbsorptionASVolume Change after Heat AgingAWDensityAZSpecial RequirementsAATest method and values to be arra
17、nged between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.6. Tolerances on Dimensions6.1 Tolerances on dimensions of closed-cell vinyl productsare given in Table 2.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 Closed cell vinyl furnished under this specification shallbe manufactured from poly(vinyl chloride) or co
18、polymersthereof, together with the added compounding ingredients ofsuch nature and quality that the finished product complies withthe specification requirements. In permitting a choice in use ofmaterials by the manufacturer, it is not intended to imply thatthe different materials are equivalent in r
19、espect to all physicalproperties. Any special characteristics, other than those pre-scribed in this specification, which may be desired for specificapplications shall be designated in the product specifications asthey may influence the choice of the type of poly(vinylchloride) or other ingredients u
20、sed. All materials and work-manship shall be in accordance with good commercial practiceand the resulting product shall be free of defects affectingserviceability.7.2 Due to manufacturing conditions, material may have tobe altered or repaired. This repaired or altered material will beacceptable unde
21、r this specification provided the material usedin such repairs or alterations shall be of the same compositionand quality as the original product and provided such alter-ations do not affect the serviceability, size, and shape beyondthe tolerances provided herein.8. Color8.1 Unless otherwise specifi
22、ed, the color of the materialshall be optional with the manufacturer.9. Sampling9.1 When possible the completed manufactured productshall be used for the tests specified. Representative samples ofthe lot being examined shall be selected at random as required.9.2 When it is necessary or advisable to
23、obtain test speci-mens from the article, as in those cases where the entire sampleis not required or adaptable for testing, the method of cuttingand the exact position from which specimens are to be takenshall be specified. The apparent density and the state of fusioncould vary in different parts of
24、 the finished product, particu-larly if the article is of complicated shape or of varyingthickness. These features affect the physical properties of thespecimens. The apparent density is affected by the number ofcut surfaces as opposed to the number of skin-covered surfaceson the test specimen.9.3 W
25、hen the finished product does not lend itself to testingor to the taking of test specimens because of complicatedshape, small size, metal or fabric inserts, adhesion to metal, orother reasons, suitable test slabs shall be prepared as agreedbetween the supplier and purchaser. When differences arise,d
26、ue to the difficulty in obtaining suitable test specimens fromthe finished part, the supplier and the purchaser shall agree onacceptable deviations.10. Physical Properties10.1 The various grades of closed-cell vinyl shall conformto the requirements as to basic physical properties prescribed inTable
27、1, together with any additional requirements indicated.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Closed Cell Vinyl Products,Type VEBasic RequirementsRequirementsAdded bySuffix LettersCompressionDeflection,25 %DeflectionSuffix BSuffix L WaterAbsorption, maxGradeNumberkPa psiCompressionSet, 25 %Deflection,22ha
28、tRoomTemperature,24 hRecovery, %maxkg/m2cutsurfacelb/ft2cutsurfaceVE-40 3.5 to 15 0.5 to 2 20 0.5 0.1VE-41 15 to 352 to 5 20 0.5 0.1VE-42 35 to 655 to 9 20 0.5 0.1VE-43 65 to 909 to 13 20 0.5 0.1VE-44 90 to 12013 to 17 20 0.5 0.1VE-45 120 to 17017 to 25 20 0.5 0.1TABLE 2 Tolerances on Dimensions of
29、Closed Cell VinylProductsThickness, mm in. Tolerance, mm in.3 to 15 0.118 to 0.590 62 0.07915 to 40 0.590 to 1.574 62.5 0.098Over 40 over 1.574 63 0.118Length and Width, mm in. Tolerance, mm in.Up to 150 up to 6 66 0.236150 to 300 6 to 12 610 0.393Over 300 over 12 63%D166705211. Test Methods11.1 Unl
30、ess specifically stated otherwise, make all tests inaccordance with the methods specified in Section 14.12. Inspection and Rejection12.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place ofmanufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified.12.2 The purchaser reserves the right to make the t
31、ests andinspection for acceptance or rejection of the material at thelaboratory of his choice.12.3 Any material that fails in one or more of the testrequirements shall be retested. For this purpose, two additionaltests shall be made for the requirement in which failureoccurred. Failure of either of
32、the tests shall be cause for finalrejection.12.4 Rejected material shall be disposed of as directed bythe manufacturer.13. Packaging and Package Marking13.1 The material shall be properly and adequately pack-aged. Each package or container shall be legibly marked withthe name of the material, name o
33、r trademark of the manufac-turer, and any required purchasers designations.14. General Test Methods14.1 The following tests shall be applicable in the physicaltesting of closed cell poly(vinyl chloride) or copolymersthereof:14.1.1 Compression DeflectionTest method described inSections 16-20.14.1.2 C
34、ompression Set Under Constant DeflectionTestmethod described in Sections 21-25.14.1.3 Water AbsorptionTest method described in Sec-tions 26-30.NOTE 3Additional test methods are listed in the appendix.15. Measurement of Test Specimens15.1 The length and width shall be measured with a steelscale or ta
35、pe. Care shall be taken not to distort the material.15.2 Thicknesses up to and including 25 mm 1 in. shall bemeasured using a dial-type gage having a maximum stem andfoot mass of 25 g and a foot 32 mm 1.25 in. in diameter,taking care not to compress the specimen. Thicknesses over 25mm 1 in. shall be
36、 measured using a sliding caliper gage or asspecified in 15.1. When a sliding caliper gage is employed thegage setting shall be made with the gage out of contact with theclosed cell vinyl. The specimen shall be passed through thepreviously set gage, and the proper setting shall be the onewhen the me
37、asured faces of the gage contact the surfaces of thearticle without compressing it.15.3 The steel scale or tape used to measure length or widthshall be graduated in divisions not over 1 mm 0.031 in. Thedial gage for measuring thickness shall be graduated indivisions not over 0.02 mm 0.001 in. The ca
38、lipers used formeasuring thickness shall be graduated in divisions not over0.1 mm 0.005 in.15.4 Results reported shall be the average of a minimum ofthree measurements.COMPRESSION DEFLECTION TEST METHOD16. Scope16.1 This test consists of measuring the force necessary toproduce a 25 % deflection on a
39、 650-mm21-in.2 test specimen.17. Apparatus17.1 The apparatus used for this test shall have a flatindentor foot, larger than the specimen being tested, connectedto a force-measuring device, and mounted in such a mannerthat the specimen shall be deflected at a rate between 0.2 and0.8 mm/s 0.5 and 2.0
40、in./min. The apparatus shall bearranged to support the specimen on a level, horizontal plate.18. Test Specimens18.1 The specimens shall be cylinders 650 mm21 in.2inarea with parallel top and bottom surfaces. They shall be cut sothat opposite edges are parallel, either from the finishedproduct in a m
41、anner agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser, or from standard test slabs, or fromcommercial flat sheets. The thickness of the test specimensshall be measured and stated in the report. Maximum thicknessshall be 25 mm 1.0 in. The specimens shall be cut with eithera revolving die or osc
42、illating cutter. Use a soap solution if alubricant is needed. If a lubricant is used, the specimen shall bethoroughly dried before proceeding with the testing. In somecases, it may be necessary to freeze the cellular vinyl to obtainparallel cut edges.NOTE 4Other specimen sizes can be used as agreed
43、upon betweenuser and supplier.19. Procedure19.1 Test closed-cell vinyl (grades VE-40 to VE-45)samples less than 6.0 mm 0.236 in. in thickness by plying upto obtain a thickness as near 12.5 mm 12 in. as possible.Deflect the specimen 25 % of its original height. Maintain thedeflection at 25 % with aut
44、omatic or manual control and recordthe force in newtons or pounds force 60 s after the 25 %deflection is reached. The result obtained in this test isinfluenced by temperature, and tests that are to be comparedshall be conducted under substantially the same temperature. Inall cases, report the actual
45、 temperature during the test.19.2 In case of dispute perform the test at a temperature of23 6 1C 73.4 6 1.8F. Condition the specimen undeflectedand undistorted at this temperature for at least 12 h beforetesting. Ordinarily only one test shall be made, but in case ofdispute express the result as the
46、 average of three tests on threedifferent specimens.NOTE 5Humidity does not affect the results.20. Report20.1 Report the unit force required, expressed in kPa or psi.COMPRESSION SET UNDER CONSTANTDEFLECTION (SUFFIX B)21. Scope21.1 This test determines the compression set after constantdeflection at
47、room temperature 23 6 1C 73.4 6 1.8F.D166705322. Apparatus22.1 The apparatus and procedure shall be the same as thatprescribed in Method B of Test Methods D 395 except asfollows: The apparatus is a compression device of two parallelplates using at least four studs and nuts to accomplishcompression.
48、Normally, compression is 25 %, but any value towhich both buyer and seller agree, may be used. The compres-sion plates may be aluminum or any other smooth, cleanmaterial, which wont deflect under the force necessary toproduce the desired deflection.23. Test Specimen23.1 The specimen shall be any con
49、venient size with paral-lel top and bottom surfaces, that shall be at right angles to theside surfaces. The specimen shall be either round or rectangu-lar. The minimum dimension across the top shall be at leastequal to the thickness and at least 650 mm21 in.2 in area. Theminimum thickness shall be 12.5 mm 0.5 in.24. Procedure24.1 Accurately determine the height of the specimen asdescribed in Section 14, and record the measurement. Place thespecimen be
