1、Designation: D1667 05 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Specification forFlexible Cellular MaterialsPoly (Vinyl Chloride) Foam(Closed-Cell)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1667; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specificatio
3、n covers flexible closed-cell or non-interconnecting cellular products, the elastomer content ofwhich is predominantly poly(vinyl chloride) or copolymersthereof.1.2 In the case of conflict between the provisions of thisspecification and those of detailed specifications or methods oftest for a partic
4、ular product, the latter shall take precedence.1.3 Reference to the methods for testing closed-cell poly-(vinyl chloride) contained herein shall specifically state theparticular test or tests desired and not refer to these methods oftest as a whole.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarde
5、d as thestandard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.5 The following precautionary statement pertains to thetest method portions only of this specification: This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the
6、 responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D395 Test Methods for Rubber Proper
7、tyCompression SetD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD1056 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSponge or Expanded RubberE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This S
8、tandard:3.1.1 closed cellan expanded structure consisting of amultitude of individual, non-connecting, gas-tight cells.3.1.2 flexible cellular materiala cellular organic poly-meric material which will not rupture when a specimen 200 by25 by 25 mm (8 by 1 by 1 in.) is bent around at 25-mm (1-in.)diam
9、eter mandrel at a uniform rate of one lap in 5 s at atemperature between 18 and 29C (65 and 85F).3.1.3 surface skinthe smooth surface on the materialformed during manufacture by contact with the molds, coverplate, or air.3.1.4 Vthe ASTM symbol designating nonrigid vinylcellular plastics.3.1.5 vinyl
10、or PVCthese terms refer to poly(vinyl chlo-ride) or copolymers thereof.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Closed-cell vinyl is produced in sheet, strip, molded, orsimple specific shapes.5. Grades of Closed-Cell Vinyl or PVC-Symbol VE5.1 Closed-cell vinyl shall be designated by two symbolletters VE, ind
11、icating V for vinyl and E for closed cell. Thegrade shall be designated by two digits, the first of whichdesignates closed cell, and the second of which indicates thedegree of firmness, the softer grades being identified with thelower numbers and the firmer grades with the higher numbers.NOTE 2Examp
12、lesVE-41 is a closed cell (expanded) vinyl of softgrade (see Table 1).1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on CellularMaterials - Plastics and Elastomers.Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Publishe
13、d April 2011. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1667 - 05. DOI:10.1520/D1667-05R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer
14、 to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 If suffix tests are required, suffix letters shall be addedsingly or in combination after any grade number to indicateaddi
15、tional requirements beyond those specified in Table 1 asbasic requirements. The significance of the approved suffixletters is as follows:BCompression Set under Constant DeflectionCWeather ResistanceADLoad DeflectionAEOil ResistanceAFLow Temperature18C (0F)GTear ResistanceAH1Flex Resistance (Dynamic)
16、AJAbrasion ResistanceAK2Adhesion (Cemented Bond Made After Molding)ALWater Absorption Test Required with Values as Specified in Table 1MFlame ResistanceAPNon-StainingAR1ReboundAR2Energy AbsorptionASVolume Change after Heat AgingAWDensityAZSpecial RequirementsAATest method and values to be arranged b
17、etween the manufacturer and thepurchaser.6. Tolerances on Dimensions6.1 Tolerances on dimensions of closed-cell vinyl productsare given in Table 2.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 Closed cell vinyl furnished under this specification shallbe manufactured from poly(vinyl chloride) or copolyme
18、rsthereof, together with the added compounding ingredients ofsuch nature and quality that the finished product complies withthe specification requirements. In permitting a choice in use ofmaterials by the manufacturer, it is not intended to imply thatthe different materials are equivalent in respect
19、 to all physicalproperties. Any special characteristics, other than those pre-scribed in this specification, which may be desired for specificapplications shall be designated in the product specifications asthey may influence the choice of the type of poly(vinylchloride) or other ingredients used. A
20、ll materials and work-manship shall be in accordance with good commercial practiceand the resulting product shall be free of defects affectingserviceability.7.2 Due to manufacturing conditions, material may have tobe altered or repaired. This repaired or altered material will beacceptable under this
21、 specification provided the material usedin such repairs or alterations shall be of the same compositionand quality as the original product and provided such alter-ations do not affect the serviceability, size, and shape beyondthe tolerances provided herein.8. Color8.1 Unless otherwise specified, th
22、e color of the materialshall be optional with the manufacturer.9. Sampling9.1 When possible the completed manufactured productshall be used for the tests specified. Representative samples ofthe lot being examined shall be selected at random as required.9.2 When it is necessary or advisable to obtain
23、 test speci-mens from the article, as in those cases where the entire sampleis not required or adaptable for testing, the method of cuttingand the exact position from which specimens are to be takenshall be specified. The apparent density and the state of fusioncould vary in different parts of the f
24、inished product, particu-larly if the article is of complicated shape or of varyingthickness. These features affect the physical properties of thespecimens. The apparent density is affected by the number ofcut surfaces as opposed to the number of skin-covered surfaceson the test specimen.9.3 When th
25、e finished product does not lend itself to testingor to the taking of test specimens because of complicatedshape, small size, metal or fabric inserts, adhesion to metal, orother reasons, suitable test slabs shall be prepared as agreedbetween the supplier and purchaser. When differences arise,due to
26、the difficulty in obtaining suitable test specimens fromthe finished part, the supplier and the purchaser shall agree onacceptable deviations.10. Physical Properties10.1 The various grades of closed-cell vinyl shall conformto the requirements as to basic physical properties prescribed inTable 1, tog
27、ether with any additional requirements indicated.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Closed Cell Vinyl Products,Type VEBasic RequirementsRequirementsAdded bySuffix LettersCompressionDeflection,25 %DeflectionSuffix BSuffix L WaterAbsorption, maxGradeNumberkPa (psi)CompressionSet, 25 %Deflection,22hatRoo
28、mTemperature,24 hRecovery, %maxkg/m2cutsurfacelb/ft2cutsurfaceVE-40 3.5 to 15 (0.5 to 2) 20 0.5 0.1VE-41 15 to 35(2 to 5) 20 0.5 0.1VE-42 35 to 65(5 to 9) 20 0.5 0.1VE-43 65 to 90(9 to 13) 20 0.5 0.1VE-44 90 to 120(13 to 17) 20 0.5 0.1VE-45 120 to 170(17 to 25) 20 0.5 0.1TABLE 2 Tolerances on Dimens
29、ions of Closed Cell VinylProductsThickness, mm (in.) Tolerance, mm (in.)3 to 15 (0.118 to 0.590) 62 (0.079)15 to 40 (0.590 to 1.574) 62.5 (0.098)Over 40 (over 1.574) 63 (0.118)Length and Width, mm (in.) Tolerance, mm (in.)Up to 150 (up to 6) 66 (0.236)150 to 300 (6 to 12) 610 (0.393)Over 300 (over 1
30、2) 63%D1667 05 (2011)211. Test Methods11.1 Unless specifically stated otherwise, make all tests inaccordance with the methods specified in Section 14.12. Inspection and Rejection12.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place ofmanufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified.12.2
31、The purchaser reserves the right to make the tests andinspection for acceptance or rejection of the material at thelaboratory of his choice.12.3 Any material that fails in one or more of the testrequirements shall be retested. For this purpose, two additionaltests shall be made for the requirement i
32、n which failureoccurred. Failure of either of the tests shall be cause for finalrejection.12.4 Rejected material shall be disposed of as directed bythe manufacturer.13. Packaging and Package Marking13.1 The material shall be properly and adequately pack-aged. Each package or container shall be legib
33、ly marked withthe name of the material, name or trademark of the manufac-turer, and any required purchasers designations.14. General Test Methods14.1 The following tests shall be applicable in the physicaltesting of closed cell poly(vinyl chloride) or copolymersthereof:14.1.1 Compression DeflectionT
34、est method described inSections 16-20.14.1.2 Compression Set Under Constant DeflectionTestmethod described in Sections 21-25.14.1.3 Water AbsorptionTest method described in Sec-tions 26-30.NOTE 3Additional test methods are listed in the appendix.15. Measurement of Test Specimens15.1 The length and w
35、idth shall be measured with a steelscale or tape. Care shall be taken not to distort the material.15.2 Thicknesses up to and including 25 mm (1 in.) shall bemeasured using a dial-type gage having a maximum stem andfoot mass of 25 g and a foot 32 mm (1.25 in.) in diameter,taking care not to compress
36、the specimen. Thicknesses over 25mm (1 in.) shall be measured using a sliding caliper gage or asspecified in 15.1. When a sliding caliper gage is employed thegage setting shall be made with the gage out of contact with theclosed cell vinyl. The specimen shall be passed through thepreviously set gage
37、, and the proper setting shall be the onewhen the measured faces of the gage contact the surfaces of thearticle without compressing it.15.3 The steel scale or tape used to measure length or widthshall be graduated in divisions not over 1 mm (0.031 in.). Thedial gage for measuring thickness shall be
38、graduated indivisions not over 0.02 mm (0.001 in.). The calipers used formeasuring thickness shall be graduated in divisions not over0.1 mm (0.005 in.).15.4 Results reported shall be the average of a minimum ofthree measurements.COMPRESSION DEFLECTION TEST METHOD16. Scope16.1 This test consists of m
39、easuring the force necessary toproduce a 25 % deflection on a 650-mm2(1-in.2) test specimen.17. Apparatus17.1 The apparatus used for this test shall have a flatindentor foot, larger than the specimen being tested, connectedto a force-measuring device, and mounted in such a mannerthat the specimen sh
40、all be deflected at a rate between 0.2 and0.8 mm/s (0.5 and 2.0 in./min). The apparatus shall be arrangedto support the specimen on a level, horizontal plate.18. Test Specimens18.1 The specimens shall be cylinders 650 mm2(1 in.2)inarea with parallel top and bottom surfaces. They shall be cut sothat
41、opposite edges are parallel, either from the finishedproduct in a manner agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser, or from standard test slabs, or fromcommercial flat sheets. The thickness of the test specimensshall be measured and stated in the report. Maximum thicknessshall be 25 mm (
42、1.0 in.). The specimens shall be cut with eithera revolving die or oscillating cutter. Use a soap solution if alubricant is needed. If a lubricant is used, the specimen shall bethoroughly dried before proceeding with the testing. In somecases, it may be necessary to freeze the cellular vinyl to obta
43、inparallel cut edges.NOTE 4Other specimen sizes can be used as agreed upon betweenuser and supplier.19. Procedure19.1 Test closed-cell vinyl (grades VE-40 to VE-45)samples less than 6.0 mm (0.236 in.) in thickness by plying upto obtain a thickness as near 12.5 mm (12 in.) as possible.Deflect the spe
44、cimen 25 % of its original height. Maintain thedeflection at 25 % with automatic or manual control and recordthe force in newtons or pounds force 60 s after the 25 %deflection is reached. The result obtained in this test isinfluenced by temperature, and tests that are to be comparedshall be conducte
45、d under substantially the same temperature. Inall cases, report the actual temperature during the test.19.2 In case of dispute perform the test at a temperature of23 6 1C (73.4 6 1.8F). Condition the specimen undeflectedand undistorted at this temperature for at least 12 h beforetesting. Ordinarily
46、only one test shall be made, but in case ofdispute express the result as the average of three tests on threedifferent specimens.NOTE 5Humidity does not affect the results.20. Report20.1 Report the unit force required, expressed in kPa or psi.COMPRESSION SET UNDER CONSTANTDEFLECTION (SUFFIX B)21. Sco
47、pe21.1 This test determines the compression set after constantdeflection at room temperature 23 6 1C (73.4 6 1.8F).D1667 05 (2011)322. Apparatus22.1 The apparatus and procedure shall be the same as thatprescribed in Method B of Test Methods D395 except asfollows: The apparatus is a compression devic
48、e of two parallelplates using at least four studs and nuts to accomplishcompression. Normally, compression is 25 %, but any value towhich both buyer and seller agree, may be used. The compres-sion plates may be aluminum or any other smooth, cleanmaterial, which wont deflect under the force necessary
49、 toproduce the desired deflection.23. Test Specimen23.1 The specimen shall be any convenient size with paral-lel top and bottom surfaces, that shall be at right angles to theside surfaces. The specimen shall be either round or rectangu-lar. The minimum dimension across the top shall be at leastequal to the thickness and at least 650 mm2(1 in.2) in area. Theminimum thickness shall be 12.5 mm (0.5 in.).24. Procedure24.1 Accurately determine the height of the specimen asdescribed in Section 14, and record the measurement. Place thespecimen
