1、Designation: D 1710 08Standard Specification forExtruded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Rod, Heavy WalledTubing and Basic Shapes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1710; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specificatio
3、n covers extruded polytetrafluoroethyl-ene (PTFE) rod, heavy-walled tubing, and basic shapes manu-factured from the PTFE resin of Specification D 4894 andreprocessed PTFE resin (as defined in Guides D 5033 andD 7209).1.2 The specification covers all sizes of rod, tubing, andbasic shapes with a wall
4、thickness of 1.6 mm (116 in.) orgreater. These materials must be made wholly from PTFE andproduced in accordance with good commercial ram extrusionpractices.NOTE 1This specification and ISO/DIS 13000-1 (1997) and ISO/DIS13000-2 (1997) differ in approach, however, data obtained using either aretechni
5、cally equivalent.NOTE 2For compression molded PTFE materials, see SpecificationD 3294. Material that can be certified to Specification D 3294 may besubstituted for Specification D 1710, however the reverse in not true.1.3 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTMSI 10 are to be regarde
6、d as the standard. The inch-pound unitsgiven in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the testmethods portion, Section 12, only of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated wit
7、h its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Stre
8、ngth of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lationD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rel
9、a-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4894 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion MaterialsD 5033 Guid
10、e for Development of ASTM Standards Relat-ing to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics3D 5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Clas-sification D 4000 FormatD 5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of SolidPlastics SpecimensD 7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery,and Use of
11、 Recycled Polymeric Materials and ProductsE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for the Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System42.2 ISO Standards:5ISO 13000-1 (2005) PlasticsPolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) Semi-Finished Products, Part 1: Basis fo
12、r Speci-ficationISO 13000-2 (2005) PlasticsPolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) Semi-Finished Products, Part 2: Preparation ofTest Specimen and Determination of Properties3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology D 883 unless otherwise specified.3.1.1 lot, none production
13、 run or a uniform blend of twoor more production runs.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originallyapproved in 196
14、0. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 1710 - 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Wit
15、hdrawn.4Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Consho-hocken, PA 19428.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright A
16、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2 AbbreviationsAbbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D 1600. PTFE is the acronym for polytetrafluo-roethylene.4. Classification4.1 This specification covers three types of PTFE rod,heav
17、y-walled tubing, and basic shapes. They are as follows:4.1.1 Type I, PremiumAtype of rod, heavy-walled tubing,or basic shape requiring both maximum physical and electricalproperties to meet rigid requirements.4.1.2 Type II, Non-electrical PremiumA type of rod,heavy-walled tubing, or basic shape requ
18、iring physical prop-erties, but no electrical requirements.4.1.3 Type IIIA type of rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basicshape for non-critical chemical, electrical, and mechanicalapplications.4.1.4 Type IVA type of rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basicshape for chemical, electrical, and mechanical applica
19、tions, notrequiring physical property testing as described for Types I, II,and III, in Tables 1 and 2.4.2 A one-line system is used to specify materials coveredby this specification. The system uses predefined cells to referto specific aspects of this specification, illustrated as follows:Specificat
20、ionStandard Number Type Grade Class SpecialBlock notesExample: Specification D 171008 1 1 A4.2.1 For this example, the line callout would be Specifica-tion D 171008, 11 A, and would specify that a rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shape has all of the properties listed forthat type, grade, and clas
21、s. A comma is used as the separatorbetween the standard number and the type. Separators are notneeded between the type, grade, and class. A provision forspecial notes is included so that other information can beprovided when required. An example would be to specify thedimension tolerances for each s
22、ize of rod, heavy-walled tubing,or basic shape. When special notes are used, they shall bepreceded by a comma.4.3 The types are further subdivided into two grades:4.3.1 Grade 1Made only from virgin resin.4.3.2 Grade 2Made using reprocessed resin.4.4 The grades are further subdivided into four classe
23、s:4.4.1 Class ARod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapehaving normal dimensional stability.4.4.2 Class BRod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapemeeting the dimensional stability requirements of Table 1.4.4.3 Class CSame as Class A, but, in addition, com-pletely examined for internal defects.4.4.4 Cl
24、ass DSame as Class B, but, in addition, com-pletely examined for internal defects.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapes fromTypes I, II, III, and IV shall be made from non-pigmentedPTFE as free of foreign matter as commercially practical.6. General Requirement
25、s General Requirements6.1 The rod, heavy-walled tubing, or basic shapes coveredby this specification shall meet the mechanical and electricalrequirements specified in Table 1 when tested by the methodsgiven in Section 12. The heavy-walled tubing covered by thisspecification shall meet the mechanical
26、 and electrical require-ments in Table 2 when tested by the methods given in Section12.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 The dimensions and tolerances of heavy-walled tubingshall be in accordance with Table 3. Measurements shall bemade in accordance with Method A of Test Methods D 3
27、74.7.2 For rod and heavy-walled tubing, it is necessary tocenter-less-grind the outside diameter for rod and heavy-walledtubing to meet the tolerances given in Table 3. Tolerances forsizes of rod 50.8 mm (2.0 in.) and above shall be agreed uponbe manufacturer and buyer.7.2.1 EccentricityThe eccentri
28、city of the heavy-walledtubing, when measured as one half of the difference betweenthe maximum and minimum wall thickness at either end of thetube, shall not exceed 10 % of the nominal wall thickness.Nominal wall thickness is one half the difference between thenominal outside diameter and the nomina
29、l inside diameter.8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance8.1 ColorType I shall be white to translucent but mayhave occasional spots. Types II, III, and IV typically are whiteTABLE 1 Detail Requirements of Extruded RodPropertiesType I Type II Type IIIRod Diameter, in.ARod Diameter, in.ARod Diameter, in
30、.Aunder1212 to112over112under1212 to112over112under1212 to112over112Specific gravity, min 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.12 2.13 2.14Tensile strength, min, MPa 13.8 14.5 15.2 13.8 14.5 15.2 9.7 10.3 11.0(psi) (2000) (2100) (2200) (2000) (2100) (2200) (1400) (1500) (1600)Elongation at Break, min,% 1
31、50 175 200 100 125 150 50 75 75Dielectric strength, min, V/mil 700 750 750 . . . . . .Dimensional stability,Bmax, %Length 1.5 1.5 . 1.5 1.5 . 3.0 3.0 .Diameter 0.5 0.5 . 0.5 0.5 . 1.0 1.0 .A1 in. = 25.4 mm.BThis requirement applies only to rod of Classes B and D that is under 25.4 mm (1 in.) in diam
32、eter. Values for larger sizes shall be as agreed upon by manufactureand buyer or manufacture stating material was stress relieved after manufacture of extruded rod.D1710082but may vary to light gray or light brown. For Types II, III, andIV occasional small gray, brown, or black spots shall not becon
33、sidered cause for rejection.8.2 FinishThe rod or heavy-walled tubing shall be freefrom surface blisters, cracks, wrinkles, and other surfacedefects that might impair it for general use.8.3 Internal DefectsClasses C and D shall be free of allmacroscopic voids, cracks, and foreign inclusions, or thelo
34、cation of such defects shall be clearly marked or identified.The examination for internal defects shall be made in accor-dance with Guide E94.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 13.4.10. Number of Tests and Retests10.1 The tests listed in Table 1 and
35、 Table 2, as they apply,are sufficient to establish conformity of the PTFE rod orheavy-walled tubing to this specification. When the number oftest specimens is not stated in the test method, single determi-nation shall be made. If more than single determinations onseparate portions of the same sampl
36、e are made, the results shallbe averaged. The single or average result shall conform to therequirements prescribed in this specification.11. Test Conditions11.1 Conditioning of SpecimensThe test specimens shallbe conditioned in accordance with Procedure A of PracticeD 618 for a period of at least 4
37、h prior to test.11.2 Standard TemperatureThe tests shall be conducted atthe standard laboratory temperature of 23 6 1C (73.4 61.8F). Since the rod or heavy-walled tubing does not absorbwater, the maintenance of constant humidity during testing isnot important.12. Test Methods12.1 Visual InspectionVi
38、sually inspect each of thesamples of PTFE rod or heavy-walled tubing selected inaccordance with Section 9 to verify its compliance with therequirements of this specification. Occasional superficial flawsin PTFE rod or heavy-walled tubing shall be interpreted as notaffecting the physical and electric
39、al properties; however, ifthere is an appearance of a transverse discontinuity or “pokerchip,” testing for tensile strength and elongation is imperative.12.2 Specific GravityDetermine the specific gravity of therod or heavy-walled tubing in accordance with Method A ofTest Methods D 792. Two drops of
40、 wetting agent shall beadded to the water in order to reduce the surface tension andensure complete wetting of the specimens. Test two specimensrepresentative of the cross section of the rod or heavy-walledtubing and average the results.12.3 Tensile Strength and Elongation:12.3.1 Determine the tensi
41、le strength and elongation of rodswith a diameter equal to or greater than 15.8 mm (0.625 in.)diameter in accordance with Specification D 4894 modified asdescribed below. Prepare the micro tensile specimens from1.27- 2.54 mm (0.05-0.10 in.) thick wafers cut from the centerportion of the rod in a pla
42、ne parallel to the direction ofextrusion.TABLE 2 Properties of PTFE Heavy-Walled TubingGradeType I Type II Type IIIGrade1Grade2Grade1Grade2Grade1Grade2Specific Gravity, min 2.15 2.14 2.15 2.14 2.14 2.13Tensile Strength, min, MPA 13.8 10.4 13.8 10.4 11.0 9.0(psi) (2000) (1500) (2000) (1500) (1600) (1
43、300)Elongation at break, min, % 150 140 150 140 100 80Dielectric Strength, min1 mm (0.040 in.) kV/mm 29.5 27.5 25.6 23.6 12 10Short Time (V/mil) (750) (700) (650) (600) (325) (250)Dimensional Stabilitymax, Classes B and D, %Length 1.5 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5Diameter 0.5 0.5 0.75 0.75 1.0 1.0TABLE 3 Diam
44、eter and Tolerances for PTFE Rod andHeavy-Walled TubingNominal Inside orOutsideDiameter,Amm (in.)Tolerance,Bmm (in.)1.6 (116) 0.13(0.005)3.2 (18) 0.18(0.007)4.8 (316) 0.23(0.009)6.3 (14) 0.30(0.012)9.5 (38) 0.30(0.012)12.7 (12) 0.36(0.014)15.8 (58) 0.41(0.016)19.1 (34) 0.43(0.017)25.4 (1) 0.51(0.020
45、)31.8 (114) 0.64(0.025)38.1 (112) 0.76(0.030)44.4 (134) 0.89(0.035)AIntermediate diameters shall conform to the tolerances of the next largerdiameter in the table.BThe tolerance is plus for outside diameters and minus for inside diameters.D171008312.3.1.1 For rods of less than 15.8 mm (0.625 in.) di
46、ameterprepare the test specimens in accordance with Fig. 1.12.3.1.2 Rods of 6.35 mm (14 in.) and smaller shall betested in fill cross-section.12.3.1.3 For the tensile strength and elongation of heavy-walled tubing, machine a sleeve 1.27-2.54 mm (0.05-0.10 in.)wall thickness approximately 25.4 mm (1
47、in.) long from theinner area of the tubing. Slit this sleeve using a utility knife (cutparallel to direction of extrusion) to open up and lay flat thistubing. Using steel rule diameter as described in SpecificationD 4894 stamp samples around perimeter of the tubing.12.3.2 Test at a speed of 50.8 mm
48、(2 in.)/min, five speci-mens to be tested and averaged for all specimen types.12.3.3 Precision and BiasThe precision and bias dataavailable is shown in Table 4 .12.4 Dielectric Strength:12.4.1 Determine the dielectric strength in accordance withthe short-timed test of Test Method D 149. Electrode sh
49、all be1/16” diameter pin electrode having beveled edges where theyimpinge on the specimen. Sample thickness shall be 1 6 0.02mm (0.040 6 0.001 in.). Test five specimens in oil and averageresults.12.4.1.1 Dielectric Strength of Rod SpecimensFor rods ofsufficient diameter that prevent flash over (approx 0.5 in.)prepare wafers by cutting specimens perpendicular to thelength-wise axis as wafers 1 6 0.02 mm (0.040 6 0.001 in.)thick and place between two electrodes that contact the waferat its center point. The surfaces of the wafer ad
