1、Designation: D 1742 06An American National StandardStandard Test Method forOil Separation from Lubricating Grease During Storage1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1742; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method c
3、overs the determination of the ten-dency of a lubricating grease to separate oil during storage inboth normally filled and partially filled containers.1.2 This test method is not suitable for greases softer thanNLGI No. 1 grade.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard, except
4、for the dimensions in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, whereinch-pound units are standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determi
5、ne the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specifichazard statement, see 7.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for TestingPurposes2.2 Other Standard:NLGI Grease Consistency Classification33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.
6、1 lubricating grease, na semi-fluid to solid product ofa thickener in a liquid lubricant.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe dispersion of the thickener forms atwo-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant bysurface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients arecommonly included to impart specia
7、l properties.3.1.2 thickener, nin lubricating grease, a substance com-posed of finely-divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricantto form the products structure.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe thickeners can be fibers (such asvarious metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certainnon-soap thickener
8、s), which are insoluble or, at most, only veryslightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general require-ments are that the solid particles be extremely small, uniformlydispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable, gel-likestructure with the liquid lubricant.1This test method is under th
9、e jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.G0 on Lubricating Grease.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 174294 (2000)e1.
10、2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from NLGI, 4635 Wyandotte St., Kansas City, MO 641
11、12.FIG. 1 Pressure Bleeding Test Cell A1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.3 oil separation, nthe appearance of a liquid fractionfrom an otherwise homogeneous lubricating composition.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The s
12、ample of grease, supported on a 75-m (No. 200)sieve, is subjected to 1.72 kPa (0.25 psi) air pressure for 24 hat 25C (77F).Any oil seepage that occurs drains into a beakerand is weighed.5. Significance and Use5.1 When a lubricating grease separates oil, the remainingcomposition increases in consiste
13、ncy. This can affect the abilityof the product to function as designed.5.2 It has been found that the results of this test correlatedirectly with the oil separation that occurs in 35-lb pails ofgrease during storage.in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm0.0021 0.053 158 41.3 0.500 12.70 4716 112.70.0029 0.074
14、134 44.4 0.510 12.95 412 114.30.010 0.25 2 50.8 0.520 13.20 41116 119.1116 1.59 212 63.558 15.87 434 120.618 3.17 31116 93.734 19.05 42632 123.03316 4.76 418 104.8 1 25.4 514 133.314 6.35 4.360 110.74 114 31.8 6 152.4516 7.94 4.365 110.87 138 34.9 612 165.138 9.52 438 111.1 3 76.2FIG. 2 Detailed Dra
15、wing of Pressure Bleeding Test Cell AD17420625.3 This test method is not intended to predict oil separationtendencies of the grease under dynamic conditions.6. Apparatus6.1 Test Apparatus4, 5, 6The assembled apparatus consistsof a tightly fitting cup and cover which contains a 75-m (No.200) sieve st
16、rainer for supporting the grease, a funnel forcollecting separated oil, and a 20-mL beaker for retaining theseparated oil. A fitting is provided in the cover for inlet air(1.72 kPa (0.25 psi) and a hole is provided in the side of thecup to prevent back pressure. Fig. 1 is a photograph of adisassembl
17、ed apparatus. The details of construction are givenin Fig. 2. The 75-m (No. 200) stainless steel sieve shallconform to the requirements of Specification E11. The diam-eter of the 75 m (No. 200) sieve shall be 104.8 mm (418 in.),completely clear with no solder showing.6.2 Air Pressure Supply and Regu
18、lation An air pressuresupply, controlled by reducing valves or regulators, capable ofmaintaining air pressure at 1.72 6 0.07 kPa, should be used. Amanometer, or other suitable pressure indicating device, and apressure relief valve to protect against pressure surge should beincluded in the pressure s
19、ystem.7. Reagents7.1 Mineral Spirits,(WarningCombustible. Vapor harm-ful.)8. Sampling8.1 The sample presented for analysis should be largeenough to make possible the selection of a representativeportion for testing.8.2 Examine for any indication of non-homogeneity such asoil separation, phase change
20、s or gross contamination. If anyabnormal conditions are found, obtain a new sample.9. Preparation of Apparatus9.1 Thoroughly clean the strainer, cup, and oil-collectingbeaker with mineral spirits and follow by air drying.4The sole source of supply of Pressure Bleeding Test Cell A known to thecommitt
21、ee at this time is Koehler Instrument Company, Inc. 1595 SycamoreAvenue, Bohemia, NY 11716. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, pleaseprovide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments willreceive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committe
22、e,1which you may attend.5The sole source of supply of the Pressure Bleeding Test Cell B known to thecommittee at this time is Stanhope-Seta, London Street, Chertsey, Surrey, KT168AP, UK. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this informationto ASTM International Headquarters. You
23、r comments will receive careful consid-eration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.6Equipment shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is no longer available. Otherappropriately designed equipment can be used.FIG. 3 Pressure Bleeding Test Cell BFIG. 4 Pressure Bleeding Test C
24、ell CD17420639.2 Carefully inspect the sieve to make certain that there isno build-up which would affect the passage of oil. The sievemust also be free of any surface irregularities such as creases,dents, or punctures. Replace, if necessary.9.3 The funnel must be clean and free of any residues which
25、can retard the flow of oil.in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm0.0021 0.053 158 41.3 0.500 12.70 4716 112.70.0029 0.074 134 44.4 0.510 12.95 412 114.30.010 0.25 2 50.8 0.520 13.20 41116 119.1116 1.59 212 63.558 15.87 434 120.618 3.17 31116 93.734 19.05 42632 123.03316 4.76 418 104.8 1 25.4 514 133.314 6.35 4
26、.360 110.74 114 31.8 6 152.4516 7.94 4.365 110.87 138 34.9 612 165.138 9.52 438 111.1FIG. 5 Detailed Drawing of Pressure Bleeding Test Cell CStrainer AssemblyD17420649.4 Inspect the cover and cup for any dents or distortions tothe mating surfaces which can interfere with a tight sealbetween the unit
27、s.9.5 When the O-ring seal shows wear it must be replaced.10. Procedure10.1 Place the strainer, screen side up, in the funnel and tarethe assembly to the nearest 0.05 g. By means of a spatula,completely fill the space between the screen and the top of thefunnel with grease. The volume occupied by th
28、e grease shallhave a depth of 12.7 6 0.3 mm (0.506 0.01 in.). Avoidunnecessary working and entrainment of air. Use a straightedge to remove excess grease and provide a level surface.Avoid forcing any of the grease through the screen. Determinethe mass of the sample to the nearest 0.05 g.10.2 Place t
29、he tared beaker in the positioning retainer at thecenter of the bottom cup, and assemble the entire apparatus asindicated in Fig. 1. By means of a suitable length of rubbertubing, connect the source of air to the air inlet fitting in thecover.10.3 Bring the apparatus and the sample to 25 6 1C (776 2
30、F). Before starting the test, regulate the air pressure to1.72 6 0.07 kPa (0.25 6 0.01 psi) and continue the test for 24h at this pressure and temperature.10.4 At the end of the test, weigh the beaker containing thecollected oil to the nearest 0.05 g and record.11. Report11.1 Report the mass of the
31、oil separated as a percentage ofthe total mass of the grease sample. Record the value to thenearest 0.1 %.12. Precision and Bias12.1 The precision of the test method is not known to havebeen obtained in accordance with currently accepted guidelinesin Committee D02 Research Report RR: D02-1007.12.1.1
32、 Repeatability (Note 1)The difference between twotest results, obtained by the same operator with the sameapparatus under constant operating conditions on identical testmaterial, would in the long run, in the normal and correctoperation of the test method, exceed 0.1 M in only one case intwenty wher
33、e:M 5 mean of two determinations (1)12.1.2 Reproducibility (Note 1)The difference betweentwo single and independent results obtained by differentoperators working in different laboratories on identical testmaterial would, in the long run, in the normal and correctoperation of the test method, exceed
34、 0.17 M in only one casein twenty:M 5 mean of two determinations (2)NOTE 1These values of precision are based on results by 10 labora-tories using four greases that varied in consistency from NGLI Grade No.1 to Grade No. 3.12.2 BiasThe procedure for measuring the oil separationfrom lubricating greas
35、e has no bias because the value of the oilloss is defined only in terms of a test method.13. Keywords13.1 lubricating grease; oil bleed; oil separationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Use
36、rs of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every
37、 five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technic
38、al committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D1742065
