1、Designation: D 1814 70 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forMeasuring Thickness of Leather Units1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1814; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the
3、 thick-ness of units of all types of leather. It is not suitable formeasuring the thickness of test specimens.1.2 The thickness of leather units may be reported inmillimetres, ounces, or irons. Ounces are generally used whenreferring to the thickness of shoe upper leather. Irons aregenerally used wh
4、en referring to the thickness of sole leather.(One ounce equals164 in. or 0.0156 in. or 0.396 mm. One ironequals148 in. or 0.0208 in. or 0.53 mm.)1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this stan
5、dard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of LeatherTest Specimens3. Terminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 unita piece of leather i
6、n the form in which it ispurchased, such as a single hide, skin, or part thereof; or asingle fabricated-leather article in the form in which it ispurchased, such as a counter, a pair of shoes, a gasket, etc.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is designed for the routine measure-ment of the t
7、hickness of leather units as a means of productioncontrol and determining conformance to specifications. Itutilizes a secondary type of gage that is capable of rapidmeasurement.5. Specimen5.1 The specimen for measurement shall be the full unit.6. Apparatus6.1 Gage, Spring-Type, graduated in 0.1 mm o
8、r 0.5 oz,having a flat presser foot 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) indiameter and a flat anvil 0.4 6 0.025 in. (10.2 6 0.6 mm) indiameter. The spring shall exert a force of 1 lbf (4.45 N) on thefoot when the gage reads 2 oz, and 2 lbf (8.9 N) when the gagereads 12 oz.6.2 Gage, Standard Wedge-Type,
9、having the two legs gradu-ated alternatively from 1 to 14 and from 112 to 1312 iron,enclosing an angle of about 4 and 0.425 6 0.005 mm thick,preferably made from stainless steel.7. Procedure7.1 Leather Other than Sole LeatherPlace the portion ofthe specimen to be measured between the anvil and press
10、er footof the spring-type gage (6.1) in such a manner that thespecimen is in contact with the whole area of the anvil. Withthe specimen held in this position, compress the thumb lever ofthe gage so that the gage reads approximately 15 oz. Allow thethumb to slide off the lever so that the gage presse
11、r foot snapsonto the leather. Read the thickness to the nearest 0.1 mm orestimate it to the nearest14 oz. Measure the thickness at notless than five approximately equally spaced places along andapproximately 6 in. (150 mm) from the backbone. Space themeasurements from an initial point of measurement
12、 approxi-mately 5 in. (130 mm) in from the root of the tail and the finalplace of measurement, which shall extend no farther than 130mm into the neck area.NOTE 1If the dimensions of the specimens are such that the gage willnot reach from the edge to the point at which the thickness is desired, thesp
13、ecimen may be folded upon itself with the flesh inside. Measure thethickness of the folded specimen, and take one half of this value as thethickness.7.2 Sole LeathersInsert the cut edge of the specimenbetween the legs of a standard wedge-type gage (6.2) so thatthe plane of the leather is perpendicul
14、ar to the plane of the gageand bisects the angle formed by the legs. Push the gage overthe edge of the leather to make firm contact with the leather sothat the gage will stay in position when inverted but not causeany visible deformation of the specimen. Read the thickness to1This test method is und
15、er the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties. Thistest method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather ChemistsAssn. (Standard Method E 31963).Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published May 200
16、5. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 181470(2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summa
17、ry page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the nearest 0.5 iron at the point where the specimen contactsthe legs of the gage. Measure the thickness as follows:7.2.1 BelliesGage the specimen at two loca
18、tions approxi-mately 6 in. (150 mm) to either side of the point opposite thepizzle, or the center of the main width of the belly.7.2.2 Shoulders, DoubleGage the specimen at two placeson the cut edge opposite the neck and 6 in. (150 mm) on eachside of the backbone.7.2.3 Shoulders, SingleGage the spec
19、imen at one place onthe cut edge opposite the neck and 6 in. (150 mm) removedfrom the backbone line.7.2.4 Bend ButtsGage the specimen at two places on thecut edge at the shoulder end and 6 in. (150 mm) on each sideof the backbone.7.2.5 BendsGage the specimen at three places along thebackbone startin
20、g 12 in. (300 mm) from the root of the tail andat 6-in. (150-mm) intervals from that point toward the shoulderend.7.2.6 Backs, Sides, and CropsGage the specimen in atleast five places along the backbone, starting 12 in. (300 mm)from the root of the tail and at 6-in. (150-mm) intervals fromthat point
21、.7.2.7 Cut SolesGage the specimens on the fore end (toe),on both sides of the largest width and optionally at the end ofthe heel (unless the specimens are half soles).8. Report8.1 Report the following information:8.1.1 Thickness of each unit, reported as the average valueof the measurements taken,8.
22、1.2 Thickness of the sample, reported as the averagethickness of all the units measured, and8.1.3 Range of the thicknesses measured.9. Precision9.1 If the spring-type gage has been adjusted to read thecorrect value and is of suitable construction, then the resultswill have only small errors (60.05 m
23、m) when used to measureleather up to 5-mm thickness.NOTE 2Test the gage periodically by measuring with it the thicknessof a rigid material that has also been measured with a standard micrometeror with the instrument described in Test Method D 1813. If the spring gagegives a reading that is higher or
24、 lower than that of the micrometer-typeinstruments, adjust it to give the same reading. Readjustment may benecessary if leather to be measured is much thicker than 5 mm.9.2 The wedge-type gage gives readings reproducible to 0.5iron when proper precautions are taken during positioning foruniform pres
25、sure and avoidance of edge effect.10. Keywords10.1 leather; thicknessASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of an
26、y such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are i
27、nvited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not receiv
28、ed a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 1814 70 (2005)2
