ASTM D1826-1994(2003) Standard Test Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter《用连续记录量热器测定天燃气范围中煤气热值的标准测试方法》.pdf
《ASTM D1826-1994(2003) Standard Test Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter《用连续记录量热器测定天燃气范围中煤气热值的标准测试方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D1826-1994(2003) Standard Test Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter《用连续记录量热器测定天燃气范围中煤气热值的标准测试方法》.pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 1826 94 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Test Method forCalorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range byContinuous Recording Calorimeter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1826; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adopti
2、on or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination with thecontinuous recording ca
3、lorimeter (Note 1) of the total calorific(heating) value of fuel gas produced or sold in the natural gasrange from 900 to 1200 Btu/standard ft3.NOTE 1An extensive investigation of the accuracy of the Cutler-Hammer recording gas calorimeter, when used with gases of high heatingvalue, was made by the
4、National Bureau of Standards in 1957 under aresearch project sponsored by the American Gas Association.1.2 The subjects covered in this test method appear in thefollowing sections:SectionsAir-Gas Ratio Test 11Apparatus 5Basis of Measurement 14Cold Balance Test 10Compensation of Complicating Factors
5、13Condition of Gas Sample 7Definitions 2Installation of Apparatus 6Maintenance Appendix X1Operating Precautions Appendix X2Operation and Checking of Apparatus 9Precision 15Scope 1Significance and Use 4Standardization of Calorimeter 12Standardization, Preliminary, of Calorimeter by Hydrogen 8Summary
6、of Test Method 31.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use
7、.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 The most important terms used in connection with thedetermination of the calorific value of gaseous fuels in record-ing calorimetry are as follows:2.1.2 British Thermal Unit, or Btuis the defined Interna-tional Tables British th
8、ermal unit (symbol Btu).NOTE 2The defining relationships are:(a) 1 Btulb1= 2.326 Jg1(exact)(b) 1 lb = 453.592 37 g (exact).By these relationships, 1 Btu = 1 055.055 852 62 J (exact). For mostpurposes, the value rounded to 1 Btu = 1 055.056 J is adequate.2.1.3 combustion airair used for combustion, a
9、 total ofthe portion mixed with the gas as primary air and the airsupplied around the burner tube as secondary air (theoreticalair plus excess air).2.1.4 flue gasesthe products, of combustion remaining inthe gaseous state, together with any excess air.2.1.5 heat-absorbing airthe heat exchange medium
10、 usedto absorb the heat of combustion derived from the burning ofgaseous fuel.2.1.6 saturated basisthe expressed total calorific value ofa gas when it is saturated with water vapor at standardtemperature and pressure; 1 ft3of this gas is equivalent in drygas content to 0.9826 ft3of dry gas at the st
11、andard temperatureof 60F and standard pressure of 14.73 psia.NOTE 3The definitions given in 2.1.6 and 2.1.10 are for total calorific(heating) values per standard cubic foot of gas. The definitions corre-sponding to any other unit quantity of gas are obtained by substituting thename of the desired un
12、it in place of the term “standard cubic foot” in thedefinitions. Methods of calculating calorific (heating) values per cubicfoot of gas under any desired conditions of pressure, temperature, andwater vapor content are specified in Section 14.2.1.7 standard cubic foot of gasthe quantity of any gastha
13、t at standard temperature and under standard pressure willfill a space of 1 ft3when in equilibrium with liquid water.2.1.8 standard pressureis 14.73 psia.NOTE 4This is the pressure base adopted by the American NationalStandards Institute in 1969 (Z132.1). According to Daltons law, this isequivalent
14、to stating that the partial pressure of the gas is:14.73 0.256 36 = 14.473 64 psiawhere 0.256 36 is the vapor pressure of water in psia at 60F.2.1.9 standard temperature60F, based on the interna-tional practical temperature scale of 1968.2.1.10 total calorific value (gross heating value, higherheati
15、ng value)of a gas is the number of British thermal unitsevolved by the complete combustion at constant pressure of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on GaseousFuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.03 on Determination ofHeating Value and Relative De
16、nsity of Gaseous Fuels.Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 1826 94 (1998).1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.one standard cub
17、ic foot of gas with air, the temperature of thegas, air, and products of combustion being 60F, and all thewater formed by the combustion reaction being condensed tothe liquid state.3. Summary of Test Method3.1 The heating value is determined by imparting all of theheat obtained from the combustion o
18、f the test gas to a streamof air and measuring the rise in temperature of the air. Thestreams of test gas and heat absorbing air are maintained infixed volumetric proportion to each other by metering devicessimilar to the ordinary wet test meters geared together anddriven from a common electric moto
19、r. The meters are mountedin a tank of water, the level of which is maintained and thetemperature of which determines the temperature of the enter-ing gas and air.3.2 The flue gas resulting from combustion of the gas(combustion products plus excess combustion air) is keptseparate from the heat-absorb
20、ing air and is cooled to a fewdegrees above the initial temperature of gas and air. The waterformed in the combustion is practically all condensed to theliquid state. Consequently, the temperature rise produced in theheat-absorbing air is directly proportional to the heating valueof the gas. Since a
21、ll the heat from the combustion of the testgas sample, including the latent heat of vaporization of thewater vapor formed in the combustion, is imparted to theheat-absorbing air, the calorimeter makes a direct determina-tion of total heating value. The temperature rise is measured bynickel resistanc
22、e thermometers and is translated into Btu perstandard cubic foot.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides an accurate and reliablemethod to measure the total calorific value of a fuel gas, on acontinuous basis, which is used for regulatory compliance,custody transfer, and process control
23、.5. Apparatus5.1 The recording calorimeter (Note 5) consists of twomajor units; the tank unit or calorimeter proper, Fig. 1, Fig. 2,and Fig. 3, in which the heating value of the test gas sample ismeasured; and the recording unit which translates the heatmeasurements into an indication of calorific (
24、heating) valueand records it graphically on a strip chart recorder or digitallyif the new SMART-CAL is used (Note 6).NOTE 5The previous specified pressure base was the absolute pres-sure of a column of pure mercury 30 in. in height at 32F and understandard gravity (32.174 ft/s2). This is equivalent
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