1、Designation: D1835 12D1835 13Standard Specification forLiquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1835; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane, propene(propylene), butane,
3、and mixtures of these materials. Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to cover thecommon use applications.1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and enginefuels.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to b
4、e regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practice
5、s and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual MethodD1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)D1657 Test Method for
6、 Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure HydrometerD1837 Test Method for Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) GasesD1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Liquefied Petroleum (LP) GasesD2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) GasesD2163 Test Method f
7、or Analysis of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propene Concentrates by Gas ChromatographyD2420 Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method)D2598 Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional
8、 AnalysisD2713 Test Method for Dryness of Propane (Valve Freeze Method)D2784 Test Method for Sulfur in Liquefied Petroleum Gases (Oxy-Hydrogen Burner or Lamp)D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston CylinderD5504 Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Ga
9、s and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography andChemiluminescenceD5623 Test Method for Sulfur Compounds in Light Petroleum Liquids by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective DetectionD6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases byUlt
10、raviolet FluorescenceD6897 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)D7756 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-Column InjectionD7828 Test Method for Determination of Residue Composition in Liquefie
11、d Petroleum Gas (LPG) Using Automated ThermalDesorption/Gas Chromatography (ATD/GC)2.2 Gas Processors Association Standard:3GPA Standard 2140 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Specifications and Test Methods1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubrican
12、ts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.H0on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012May 1, 2013. Published March 2013May 2013. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 asD183511.12. DOI: 10.1520/D183512.10.1520/D1835-13.2 For refer
13、encedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Gas Processors Association, 6526 E. 60th St., Tulsa, OK
14、 74145. This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult p
15、rior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
16、9428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 commercial butane, na hydrocarbon product for use where low volatility is required.3.1.2 commercial PB mixtures, nmixtures of propane and butane for use where intermediate volatility is required.3.1.3 commercial propane, na hydrocarbon pro
17、duct for use where high volatility is required. Commercial propane is suitablefor certain low severity internal combustion engine applications.3.1.4 special-duty propane, na product composed chiefly of propane which exhibits superior antiknock characteristics andwas specifically developed for use as
18、 fuel in spark ignition internal combustion engines.4. Sampling4.1 Proper sampling of liquefied gases is extremely important if the test results are to be significant. Obtain representativesamples in accordance with Practice D1265 or Practice D3700. In the event of a dispute involving sample integri
19、ty when samplingfor testing against D1835 requirements, Practice D3700 shall be used as the referee sampling procedure.TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for Liquefied Petroleum GasesProduct TypeCommercialPropaneCommercialButaneCommercialPB MixturesSpecial-DutyPropaneAASTM TestMethods (seeSection 2)Vapor
20、 pressure at 37.8C (100F), maxkPa 1434 483 B 1434 D1267 or D2598 orD6897Cpsig 208 70 B 208 D1267 or D2598 orD6897CVolatile residue:evaporated temperature, 95 %, maxC 38.3 2.2 2.2 38.3F 37 36 36 37 D1837orButane and heavier, max, vol % 2.5 . . 2.5 D2163Pentane and heavier, max, vol % . 2.0 2.0 . D216
21、3Propylene content, max, vol % . . . 5.0 D2163Residual matter:DResidue on evaporation of 100 mL,max, mL0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 D2158Oil stain observation passE passE passE passE D2158Density at 15C or relative density at15.6/15.6C (60/60F)F F F . D1657 or D2598Corrosion, copper, strip No. 1 No. 1 No. 1
22、No. 1 D1838GSulfur, mg/kg (ppm mass) 185H 140H 140H 123H D2784 or D6667IHydrogen sulfide pass pass pass pass D2420Moisture content pass . . pass D2713Free water content . noneJ noneJ . .A Equivalent to Propane HD-5 of GPA Standard 2140.B The permissible vapor pressures of products classified as PB m
23、ixtures shall not exceed 1430 kPa (208 psig) and additionally shall not exceed that calculated from thefollowing relationship between the observed vapor pressure and the observed relative density:Vapor pressure,max5116721880 srelative density at 60/60Fd or 116721880 srelative density at 15.6/15.6CdA
24、specific mixture shall be designated by the vapor pressure at 100F in pounds per square inch gage. To comply with the designation, the vapor pressure of the mixtureshall be within +0 to 10 psi of the vapor pressure specified.C In case of dispute about the vapor pressure of a product, the value actua
25、lly determined by Test Method D1267 shall prevail over the value calculated by Practice D2598or measured by Test Method D6897.D See X1.2.4 for information about residues in LPG and for information about a gas chromatographic testtests for residues in LPG.E An acceptable product shall not yield a per
26、sistent oil ring when 0.3 mLof solvent residue mixture is added to a filter paper, in 0.1-mLincrements and examined in daylightafter 2 min as described in Test Method D2158.F Although not a specific requirement, the density or relative density can be needed for other purposes and should be reported.
27、 Additionally, the relative density of PBmixture is needed to establish the permissible maximum vapor pressure (see Footnote B).G This method may not accurately determine the presence of reactive materials (for example, H2S, So) in liquefied petroleum gas if the product contains corrosion inhibitors
28、or other chemicals which diminish the reaction with the copper strip.H The total sulfur limits in these specifications do include sulfur compounds used for stenching purposes.I Test Method D6667 may be used as an alternative means of sulfur measurement for LPG samples within the range that has been
29、validated in Test Method D6667.J The presence or absence of water may be determined by visual inspection of the samples on which the density or relative density is determined.D1835 1325. Detailed Requirements5.1 The four types of liquefied petroleum gases shall conform to the requirements prescribed
30、 in Table 1.6. Keywords6.1 butane; HD-5 propane; liquefied petroleum (LP) gases specifications; LPG; propane; special duty propaneAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SIGNIFICANCE OF ASTM SPECIFICATIONS FOR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM (LP) GASESX1.1 GeneralX1.1.1 Liquefied petroleum gas products are compos
31、ed of those readily liquefiable hydrocarbon compounds that are produced inthe course of processing natural gas and also in the course of the conventional refining of crude oil. The composition of liquefiedgases can vary widely depending upon the source and the nature of the treatment to which the pr
32、oducts have been subjected.X1.1.2 There are many uses for liquefied petroleum gases. Important uses include, (1) as domestic, commercial, and industrialfuels, (2) as a carbon source material in metal treating operations, ( 3) as refinery raw materials for synthesis of gasolinecomponents, and (4) as
33、petrochemical raw materials. The nature of the needs dictates the required composition characteristics inthese various applications. Since the last three uses of those listed are in the category of specialty applications, which involvespecial requirements, they are excluded from consideration in the
34、 specifications.X1.1.3 In substance, this specification is designed to properly define acceptable products for domestic, commercial, and industrialuses. In many cases it will be found that products meeting the specifications will also be usable in applications other than the onesfor which they were
35、designed. The following can be accepted as a general guide in the more common use applications of the fourtypes of fuels:X1.1.3.1 Commercial PropaneThis fuel type is adequate for domestic, commercial, and industrial use, particularly ingeographical areas and in seasons where low ambient temperatures
36、 are common, and where uniformity of fuel is an importantconsideration. Commercial propane can be suitable for certain low severity internal combustion engine applications.X1.1.3.2 Commercial PB MixturesThis fuel type, since it covers a broad range of mixtures, permits the tailoring of fuels tospeci
37、fic needs. The various mixtures find application as domestic, commercial, and industrial fuel in areas and at times when lowambient temperature conditions are not encountered. This fuel type is not suitable for vapor withdrawal applications in cool or coldclimates.X1.1.3.3 Commercial ButaneThis fuel
38、 type finds limited application as a domestic fuel in areas of warmer climates. It issimilarly used in industrial applications where problems of fuel vaporization are not present, such as direct liquid injection.X1.1.3.4 Special-Duty PropaneThis fuel type, equivalent to HD-5 propane, is a product ta
39、ilored to meet the restrictive needsof internal combustion engines operating under moderate to high engine severity (that is, normal automotive applications). Fuelproducts of this type will be less variable in composition and combustion characteristics than the other products covered by thisspecific
40、ation. Special-Duty Propane can be used as a substitute for Commercial Propane.X1.2 Significance and UseX1.2.1 This specification addresses commercial liquefied petroleum gases consisting of either propane or butane or mixturesthereof. Consequently, the important characteristics of these products ca
41、n be defined and controlled by a relatively few simplemeasurements. The specification test methods provided achieve the desired results. The significance of the various tests as theycan apply to consumer problems is summarized here.X1.2.2 Vapor Pressure, Volatility, and Relative Density:D1835 133X1.
42、2.2.1 Vapor PressureIndirect measure of the most extreme low-temperature conditions under which initial vaporization canbe expected to take place. It can be considered as a semiquantitative measure of the amount of the most volatile material presentin the product. It can also be used as a means for
43、predicting the maximum pressures which can be experienced at fuel tanktemperatures. Vapor pressure becomes more significant when it is related to volatility.X1.2.2.2 Volatility Expressed in terms of the 95 % evaporated temperature of the product, is a measure of the amount of leastvolatile fuel comp
44、onent present in the product. Coupled with a vapor pressure limit, it serves to assure essentiallysingle-component products in the cases of commercial propane and commercial butane fuel types. When volatility is coupled witha vapor pressure limit which has been related to density or gravity, as in t
45、he case of the commercial PB-mixture type of fuels, thecombination serves to assure essentially two component mixtures for such fuels. When coupled with a proper vapor pressure limit,this measurement serves to assure that special-duty propane products will be composed chiefly of propane and propylen
46、e and thatpropane will be the major constituent.X1.2.2.3 Density or Relative Densityby itself, has little significance. It becomes of value when related to vapor pressure andvolatility. Since density or relative density is of importance in meeting transportation and storage requirements it is always
47、determined for all liquefied petroleum gas products.Other Product CharacteristicsX1.2.3 While the vaporization and combustion characteristics of commercial liquefied gas products are completely defined for thenormal use applications by vapor pressure, volatility, and relative density, as given in X1
48、.2.2, there are other properties which eitheraffect or might affect the results obtained in some specific use applications. For that reason, limits are specified for residue content,copper corrosion, sulfur content, moisture content, and free water content to provide assurance of product dependabili
49、ty under themore extreme conditions of use.X1.2.4 ResidueA measure of the concentration of soluble hydrocarbon materials present in the product which are substantiallyless volatile than the liquefied petroleum gas product being sampled. Control of residue content is of importance in applicationswhere the fuel is used in liquid or vapor feed systems (where fuel vapors are withdrawn from the top of the LPG storage container).In either case, failure to limit the permissible concentration of residue materials can result in troubleso
