1、Designation: D1970/D1970M 13aStandard Specification forSelf-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet MaterialsUsed as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice DamProtection1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1970/D1970M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyea
2、r of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers polymer modified bituminouss
3、heet materials intended for use as underlayment on roof eaves,or valleys, or both, to prevent leakage of shingle, tile, or metalroofs from water back-up due to ice dams.1.2 These underlayment sheets have a sticky adhesive layerwhich is exposed by removal of a protective sheet. The topsurface is suit
4、able to work on during the application of theexposed roofing.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningv
5、alues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine
6、 the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis ofAsphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used inRoofing and WaterproofingD903 Test Method for Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhe-sive Bo
7、ndsD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureD2523 Practice for Testing Load-Strain Properties of Roof-ing MembranesD4073 Test Method for Tensile-Tear Strength of BituminousR
8、oofing MembranesD5147 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing ModifiedBituminous Sheet MaterialE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterials3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology D1079.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to
9、This Standard:3.2.1 lotfor the purpose of sampling, a lot shall consist ofall material manufactured in one production run (not to exceed24 h) using the same source of raw materials.4. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance4.1 The underlayment sheet shall be supplied in roll form.4.2 The underlayment sh
10、eet shall be substantially uniformin thickness and appearance. It shall be free of visible defectssuch as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks, tears,protuberances, and indentations, except for those perforationsor protuberances which are intentional.4.3 The surface of the underlayment shee
11、t shall be designedto provide traction and slip resistance to the applicator.NOTE 1The intent of 4.3 is to recognize that surface slipperiness isimportant when working on a roof and, while no test method is specifiedin this standard, several methods for assessing the relative slipperiness ofsurfaces
12、 are available. It is the further intent of this paragraph to ensurethat, whatever method is used, the friction coefficient or resistance toslipping of the surface of these products should be at least as great asasphalt-saturated felt shingle underlayment tested under the same condi-tions of tempera
13、ture and wetness as agreed between purchaser and seller.4.4 Sheet sections shall be suitable for joining by themanufacturers recommended procedure. The entire lowersurface of the underlayment sheet shall be capable of beingfully adhered to the roof deck.1This specification is under the jurisdiction
14、of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02on Steep Roofing Products and Assemblies.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2013. Published December 2013. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D1970/D1970M 13.DOI
15、: 10.1520/D1970_D1970M-13A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100
16、Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Physical Requirements5.1 The underlayment sheet shall conform to the physicalrequirements prescribed in Table 1.5.2 The underlayment sheet shall not crack nor be so stickyas to cause tearing or other damage upon being
17、 unrolled atmaterial temperatures between 4.4 and 60C 40 and 140F.6. Sampling6.1 From each lot of underlayment sheet, select sample rollsin accordance with Test Methods D228.6.2 The rolls so selected shall constitute the representativesample used for all subsequent observations and tests pertain-ing
18、 to the lot of material being examined.7. Test Methods7.1 ConditioningUnless otherwise specified, conditiontest specimens for at least4hat236 2C 73.4 6 3.6F and50 6 5 % relative humidity prior to testing.7.2 Thickness:7.2.1 Measure the thickness of the shingle underlayment inaccordance with Test Met
19、hods D5147.7.2.2 Report the number of measurements, the average andstandard deviation across the sheet.7.3 Maximum Load and Elongation at BreakThis testmethod covers the determination of the maximum load andelongation at break of the underlayment sheets, as set forth inPractice D2523 except as noted
20、 below.7.3.1 Specimens:7.3.1.1 Prepare five specimens from each sample roll inboth the longitudinal and transverse directions. Specimensshall be 25 mm 1 in. 65 % wide by a minimum of 150 mm6 in. 65 % long. For materials with high elongation thelength of the sample may be reduced to 100 mm 4 in. 65%i
21、f necessary to avoid limitations imposed by dimensions of thetest machine.7.3.2 Procedure:7.3.2.1 Condition each specimen at least2hat236 2C73.4 6 3.6F.7.3.2.2 Use a constant rate of elongation (CRE) tensiontesting machine, preferably with automatic load and strainrecording equipment and clamps that
22、 permit a uniform clamp-ing pressure on the specimen without slipping. The initialclamp separation shall be a minimum of 75 mm 3 in. 65%for sheets having an ultimate elongation of 75 % or less at23.9C 75F and 50 mm 2 in. 65 % for sheets having anultimate elongation greater than 75 % at 23.9C 75F.7.3
23、.2.3 Maintain a rate of separation of 50 mm 2 in. 63%per min.7.3.2.4 Record the percent elongation of each specimen atthe visual break of the modified bitumen portion using anextensiometer, or mark the extension at visual break of themodified bitumen portion from the chart of the stress versustime (
24、knowing the speed of the chart drive and the jawseparation rate).7.3.2.5 Record the maximum load attained by each speci-men.7.3.3 Calculation:7.3.3.1 Determine the percent elongation at break of themodified bitumen portion obtained from the extensiometer inaccordance with the manufacturers instructi
25、ons, or read di-rectly. Calculate the percent elongation from the chart asfollows:% Elongation 5ab3100% (1)where:a = extension at modified bitumen break (extension at breakon chart jaw separation rate divided by chart speed),andb = initial jaw separation.7.3.3.2 Determine the average percent elongat
26、ion at breakof the modified bitumen portion in each direction.7.3.3.3 Calculate the average maximum load in each direc-tion.7.3.4 ReportFor each set of five specimens in each direc-tion report the individual measurements, the average andstandard deviation for the size of specimen (initial lengthbetw
27、een jaws), maximum load in kN/m lbf/in., percentelongation at modified bitumen break, and method of deter-mining elongation.7.4 Adhesion to PlywoodThis test method covers thedetermination of the adhesive properties of the underlaymentsheets to plywood, as set forth in Test Method D903 except asnoted
28、 below.7.4.1 Specimen Preparation:7.4.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of one piece ofunderlayment sheet, 75 6 2 by 200 6 2mm36 0.125 by 86 0.125 in., bonded for 15 in.2(75 125 mm) 3 by 5 in. toone piece of 6 mm 14 in. minimum thick plywood, APAGrade, Exposure 1, 75 by 150 mm 3 by 6 in. The plywo
29、odmust not be reused for testing.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Self-Adhering PolymerModified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as Steep RoofingUnderlayment for Ice Dam ProtectionProperty SI Inch-PoundThickness, min 1.0 mm 40 milsMaximum load, minLongitudinal 4.4 kN/m 25 lbf/in.Transverse 4.4 kN/m 2
30、5 lbf/in.Elongation at break, min of modifiedbitumen portion10 %Adhesion to plywood, min at 40F 0.92 kgf/30.5 cm 2.0 lbf/ft widthAdhesion to plywood, min at 75F 5.44 kgf/30.5 cm 12.0 lbf/ft widthThermal stability, max 3 mm 0.1 in.Flexibility temperature 29C 20FTear resistanceLongitudinal, min 89 N 2
31、0 lbfTransverse, min 89 N 20 lbfMoisture vapor permeance, max 5.7 ng/Pa.S.M.20.1 U.S. PermsSealability around nail passWaterproof integrity after low temperatureflexibilitypassWaterproof integrity of lap seam passD1970/D1970M 13a27.4.1.2 Roll test specimen three times back and forth with aroller whi
32、ch has a mass of 11.8 kg 26 lb 60.5 %, diameter of125 mm 5 in. 65 %, and width of 125 mm 5 in. 65%(2to 3 s per cycle).7.4.1.3 At least five specimens shall be tested for each testtemperature.7.4.1.4 It is recommended that specimens be assembledindividually. Cutting specimens to size after assembly m
33、ayinfluence the test results.7.4.2 ConditioningThe test shall be performed at 23 62C 73.4 6 3.6F and 4 6 2C 39.2 6 3.6F. Materialsused to construct test specimens and the roller, must beconditioned at the test temperature for at least 4 h prior toassembly. Similarly, test specimens must be condition
34、ed at thetest temperatures for at least 1 h prior to testing.NOTE 2Adhesion to other potential wood deck materials may bedetermined by this test method, but it has been observed that substratessuch as APA approved nonveneer sheets typically give greater adhesionvalues than the minimum specified in t
35、his standard for plywood.7.4.3 Apparatus:7.4.3.1 Perform the test in a constant rate of extension typetester.7.4.3.2 The rate of travel of the power-actuated grip shall be50 mm 2 in./min 63 %. This rate which provides a laminateseparation rate of 25 mm 1 in./min 63 % shall be uniformthroughout the t
36、est.7.4.4 Procedure:7.4.4.1 Conduct the test after the test specimens have beenconditioned at the test temperature (in the environmentalchamber) for 15 min.7.4.4.2 Separate the free end of the underlayment sheetfrom the plywood for a distance of about 50 mm 2 in. leavingabout 75 mm 3 in. of bonded l
37、ength. Place the specimen inthe testing machine by clamping the free end of the plywood inone grip, turning back the free end of the sheet and clampingit in the other grip. Maintain the specimen in the approximateplane of the clamps during the test. Peel at least three quartersof the bonded area, ev
38、en though a peel or stripping value maybe indicated before this point.7.4.5 CalculationDetermine the peel strength on the chartas the average load line that will visually accommodate therecorded curve. Record the load so indicated, corrected fortare.7.4.6 ReportingFor each series of tests, report th
39、e numberof measurements, the average, and the standard deviation of allthe test values in kg/30.5 cm width lb/ft of width.7.5 Thermal StabilityThis test method determines thethermal stability of the underlayment sheets as set forth in TestMethod D1204, except as noted below.7.5.1 Specimens:7.5.1.1 T
40、he test specimen shall consist of one piece ofunderlayment sheet, 100 6 2by1006 2mm46 0.125 by4 6 0.125 in., centered and bonded (as described in 7.4.1)toone piece of14-in. thick plywood, (APA Grade, Exposure 1)150 6 2by2006 2mm66 0.125 by 8 6 0.125 in.7.5.1.2 At least five specimens shall be tested
41、 for eachsample roll.7.5.2 Procedure:7.5.2.1 Set specimens at a 45 angle in a hot air circulatingoven maintained at 70 6 2C 158 6 4F for 14 days.7.5.2.2 At the end of the oven-exposure period, allowspecimens to equilibrate to 23.9 6 1.1C 75 6 2F and 50 65 % relative humidity for at least 4 h.7.5.2.3
42、 From the lower edge of the sheet measure to thenearest 2.5 mm 0.1 in. the furthest point of modified bitumenflow. Estimate the average flow across the entire lower edge ofthe sample.7.5.3 ReportReport the individual specimen values, theaverage and the standard deviation.7.6 Low Temperature Flexibil
43、ityThis test method deter-mines the low temperature flexibility of the underlaymentsheets. For the sheet material to be given a pass rating in thistest, the specimen must demonstrate either no visible signs ofcracking in the sheet after bending at the test temperaturethrough an angle of 180 6 5 arou
44、nd a 25 mm 1 in. 65%diameter mandrel in 2 6 1 s, or minor surface cracking isobserved in the sheet and the head of water test, performed ona sheet of material that has been subjected to this bending.7.6.1 SpecimensPrepare five specimens from each roll inboth the longitudinal and transverse direction
45、 for each tem-perature to be tested. Specimens shall be 25 mm 1 in. 65%wide by 150 mm 6 in. 65 % long.7.6.2 ConditioningTest at the temperature specified forcompliance in Table 1 (29C 20F). Allow the refrigera-tion unit, mandrel and specimens to equilibrate for a minimumof2h.7.6.3 Procedure:7.6.3.1
46、After the specimens have been conditioned, positionthe center of the specimen firmly on the mandrel with theweathering side up. Bend the projecting ends without exertingany stress other than that required to keep the specimen incontact with the mandrel. Complete the entire procedure insidethe refrig
47、erated unit within 2 6 1 s. Bend the specimen untilthe projecting ends of the specimen are parallel to each otherkeeping the bottom surface in contact with the mandrel throughan arc of 180 6 5. Repeat this procedure using a differentspecimen and bend with the weathering side down.7.6.3.2 Remove the
48、specimen from the refrigerated unit andimmediately inspect for any signs of cracking.7.6.3.3 Repeat the procedure for any remaining specimens.The temperature of the refrigeration unit may increase duringtesting. Allow refrigeration unit to equilibrate to test tempera-ture prior to testing subsequent
49、 samples.7.6.3.4 All specimens must pass at the test temperature of29C 20F.7.6.3.5 To ensure that the material will perform its intendedfunction, the head of water test (7.9) shall be performed on atleast one specimen that has been flexed and judged to pass theflexibility test at the test temperature and that specimen shallalso pass the head of water test.7.6.4 ReportReport whether the material passes or fails atthe specified temperature.7.7 Tear Resi
