1、Designation: D2095 96 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forTensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and RodSpecimens1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2095; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relativetensile strength of adhesives by the use of bar
3、- and rod-shapedbutt-joined specimens under defined conditions of preparation,conditioning, and testing. This test method is applicable to thetesting of adhesives with various adherend materials in eithersimilar or dissimilar combinations.NOTE 1An alternative test method for determining the tensile
4、strengthof adhesives is Test Method D897.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of t
5、he user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D897 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Adhesive BondsD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD2094 Practice for P
6、reparation of Bar and Rod Specimensfor Adhesion TestsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidityby Means of Aqueous Solutions3. Terminology3.1 Many of the terms in this standar
7、d are defined inTerminology D907.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 tensile strength of an adhesive, nthe maximumtensile stress which it is capable of sustaining. Tensile strengthis calculated from the maximum load during a tension testcarried to rupture and the original cross-
8、sectional area of thespecimen (see Terminology E6).4. Significance and Use4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate informationwith regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strengthdata may be suitable for specification acceptance, serviceevaluation, manufacturing control, research,
9、and development.Tension tests are not considered significant for applicationsdiffering from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.5. Apparatus5.1 Testing MachineA testing machine capable of main-taining a specified rate of loading, with the error for indicatedloads that are to be measured
10、 not exceeding 61 % and theload-indicating mechanism essentially free of inertial lag at aspecified rate of loading. Verify the accuracy of the testingmachine in accordance with Practices E4. Ensure that thetesting machine is provided with the following:5.1.1 Fixed MemberA fixed or essentially stati
11、onarymember carrying one attachment fixture.5.1.2 Movable MemberA movable member carrying asecond attachment fixture.5.1.3 Attachment FixturesSelf-aligning type fixtures forholding a specimen between the fixed member and the movablemember. Ensure that the fixtures are attached to the fixed andmovabl
12、e members in such a way that they will move intoalignment as soon as load is applied, so that the long axis of thetest specimen will coincide with the direction of the appliedload.Adesign for fixtures that has proven satisfactory is shownin Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.5.2 Conditioning Room or DesiccatorsA con
13、ditioningroom capable of maintaining a relative humidity of 50 6 2%at 23 6 1C (73.4 6 1.8F) or desiccators containing asaturated salt solution (Note 2) to give the same relativehumidity and temperature.NOTE 2A saturated salt solution of calcium nitrate will give approxi-mately 51 % relative humidity
14、 at 24.5C (see Practice E104).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on MetalBonding Adhesives.Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published April 2015. Originallyapproved in 1962. Last previous editio
15、n approved in 2008 as D2095 96 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D2095-96R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websit
16、e.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Test Specimens6.1 Description and PreparationBar- or rod-type speci-mens. Refer to Practice D2094 for the design of the specimensand the procedures used in preparing them.6.2 Number
17、 of SpecimensTest a minimum of five speci-mens for each test condition.7. Conditioning7.1 Condition all specimens, except those in which bothadherends are metals, prior to testing for at least 40 h at 50 61C (73.4 6 1.8F). Metal-to-metal bonds can be tested assoon as the specimen has reached an equi
18、librium temperatureof 23 6 1C (73.4 6 1.8F) after curing.7.2 Special conditioning procedures may be used by agree-ment between the purchaser and the manufacturer when thetensile strength of the adhesive at other conditions is to bedetermined.8. Procedure8.1 Place the specimen in the testing machine
19、(see Fig. 2),using steel dowel pins and fixtures such as those described in5.1.3 and start the loading. Conduct tests at other than roomtemperature with a suitable temperature-controlled test cham-ber enclosing the fixtures and test specimen while assembled inthe testing machine.8.2 Speed of Testing
20、Apply the load to the specimen at therate of 17 to 20 MPa/cm2(2400 to 2800 psi) of bond area permin, or, if rate of loading is measured as crosshead motion, setthe testing machine to obtain the foregoing rate of loading.8.3 RecordRecord the maximum load carried by thespecimen at failure. Estimate th
21、e percentage cohesion failure,adhesion failure, contact failure, and adherend failure on thebasis of bond area by visual inspection and record. If dissimilaradherends are used, estimate and record the percentage adhe-sion failure for each material. Discard specimens that break atsome obvious flaw an
22、d retest, unless such flaws constitute avariable the effect of which it is desired to study.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the tensile strength by dividing the breakingload by the area of the bonded surface. Express this result inFIG. 1 Test Specimens and Attachment FixturesFIG. 2 Test Specimen with At
23、tachment Fixtures Assembled inTension Testing MachineD2095 96 (2015)2megapascals per square centimetre (pounds per square inch)and, if possible, report to three significant figures.9.2 For each series of tests, calculate the arithmetic mean ofall values obtained and report this value as the average
24、tensilestrength.9.3 If it is desired to determine the standard deviation andcoefficient of variation, calculate these values as follows andreport to two significant figures:s 5 =(X22 nX 2!/n 2 1!v 5 100s/Xwhere:s = estimated standard deviation,X = value of a single observation,n = number of observat
25、ions,X= arithmetic mean of the set of observations, andv = estimated coefficient of variation.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive tested, in-cluding type, source, manufacturers code number, form, etc.,10.1.2 Identification of materials used
26、as adherends andmethod of surface preparation used,10.1.3 Type of specimen (rod or bar) used and dimensionsof inserted sheet material, if any,10.1.4 Method of application of adhesive and drying,precure, and cure conditions used,10.1.5 Average thickness of adhesive layer after formationof the joint,
27、within 0.025 mm (0.001 in.). Describe the methodof obtaining the thickness of the adhesive layer includingprocedure, location of measurements, and range ofmeasurements,10.1.6 Whether or not flash was removed and methodemployed, if any,10.1.7 Conditioning procedure used,10.1.8 Test room conditions an
28、d temperature of specimensat time of test,10.1.9 Number of specimens tested,10.1.10 Speed of testing, and10.1.11 An average value of the tensile strength. Also, anaverage value of the percentage of each type of failure, that is,adhesion, cohesion, contact, or adherend failure.11. Precision and Bias1
29、1.1 A precision and bias statement does not exist for thistest method because resources necessary for round-robin test-ing have not been forthcoming.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users
30、 of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every f
31、ive years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical
32、 committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
33、PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 96 (2015)3
