1、Designation: D2100/D2100M 95 (Reapproved 2009)1Standard Specification forAsbestos Textiles Used for Electrical Insulating Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2100/D2100M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case
2、 of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was corrected editorially in March 2010.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asb
3、estos textile materials usedfor electrical insulating purposes having a minimum of 80%asbestos fiber, by mass, excluding the mass of other inorganicreinforcing material that may be present.NOTE 1Specifications for other asbestos textile products are coveredin Specifications D299, D315, D375, D1061,
4、and D1571.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-confor
5、mancewith the standard.1.3 WarningBreathing of asbestos dust is hazardous.Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated healthrisks for users and for those with whom they come into contact.In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that resu
6、lts. For informa-tion on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Useof Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and ControlMeasures.”21.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods, Section 10, described in this specification: Thisstandard does not purport t
7、o address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use. For specific safety hazard, see 1.3.2. Referenced Do
8、cuments2.1 ASTM Standards:3D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD299 Specification for Asbestos YarnsD315 Specification for Woven Asbestos TapeD375 Specification for Asbestos RovingD1061 Specification for Asbestos LapD1118 Test Method for Magnetic Rating of Asbestos Fiberand Asbestos TextilesD1571 S
9、pecification for Woven Asbestos ClothD1918 Test Method for Asbestos Content of AsbestosTextilesD2946 Terminology for Asbestos and AsbestosCementProducts3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of other textile terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology D123. For asbestos terms,refer to Terminolo
10、gy D2946.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 asbestos, n1. generala group of impure silicateminerals occurring in fibrous form. 2. textilethe hydrousmagnesium silicate serpentine mineral designated as chryso-tile, and having the empirical formula Mg3Si2O5(OH)4.4. Classification4.1 TypesThe types of asbestos texti
11、les used for electricalinsulating purposes are based on the following magnetic ratingas determined by Test Method D1118:Type Maximum Magnetic RatingII 0.75IV 2.0VI 4.01This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibili
12、ty of SubcommitteeC17.03 on Asbestos - Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published March 2010. Originallyapproved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 2100-95(2004)1.DOI: 10.1520/D2100_D2100M-95R09E01.2Available from The Asbestos Institute,
13、http:/ referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Bo
14、x C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 GradesThe grades of asbestos textiles used for elec-trical insulating purposes are based on the percentage ofasbestos content by mass as stated in Table 1.4.3 Significance of Types and Grades:4.3.1 The types of asbestos textiles roughly def
15、ine theelectromagnetic characteristics of the material. Generally, thehigher the magnetic rating, the poorer the electrical insulatingproperties of the material. The three types have the followingintended applications:4.3.1.1 Type II is intended for applications where the asbes-tos is of primary imp
16、ortance, such as electrical insulation usedon magnetic wire and when used principally as a dielectric.4.3.1.2 Type IV is intended for use where the asbestos is ofsecondary importance as electrical insulation or where, asprimary electrical insulation, it is applied relatively thicklyusually in combin
17、ation with other materials of comparablyhigh dielectric strength, as in the construction of heat andflame-resistant electrical insulating walls over unit conductorsof electrical cables.4.3.1.3 Type VI is intended for use where the asbestos is ofminor importance as a dielectric, as in fillers for hea
18、t- andflame-resistant cables, overall wraps or braids for such cables,and linings for enclosures subject to exposure to electric arcs(arc chutes).4.3.2 The grade of asbestos textile used is largely dependenton the service temperature required of the insulation. Specifictemperature limits for the var
19、ious grades cannot be given, asthese will depend on the textile construction. In general, thehigher the asbestos content, the higher the temperature thetextile will withstand.NOTE 2Where breaking strength retention is important, good service-ability at temperatures up to approximately 540C 1000F can
20、 beexpected using the higher grades. If breaking strength retention is notimportant, asbestos textiles may be used in excess of 815C 1500F,depending on the application.5. Ordering Information5.1 Asbestos textiles used for electrical insulating purposesare normally purchased on the basis of type and
21、grade as wellas the properties listed under the Ordering Information sectionof theASTM specification applicable to that particular asbestosproduct (see Note 1).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Asbestos textiles used for electrical insulating purposesshall be free of foreign matter not normally presen
22、t in textiles,which may be detrimental to performance.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Asbestos textiles that have been treated with materials toimpact certain desirable characteristics, such as moisture resis-tance, flame resistance, and improved electrical insulatingproperties, shall conform to the requ
23、irements of this specifica-tion and also to the ASTM specification applicable to thatparticular asbestos treatment, either prior to treatment, or afterremoval of the treating material by appropriate methods.7.2 Asbestos content shall conform to requirements in Table1.8. Physical Properties8.1 The ma
24、gnetic rating shall comply with requirements in4.1.9. Other Requirements9.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification,asbestos textiles to be used for electrical insulating purposesshall meet the requirements of the ASTM specification appli-cable to that particular asbestos textile produ
25、ct (see Note 1).10. Test Methods10.1 Magnetic RatingDetermine the magnetic rating asdirected in Test Method D1118.10.2 Asbestos ContentDetermine the asbestos content ofspecimens from each lot or unit taken for test, as directed inTest Method D1918.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 In the absence of ce
26、rtification, proceed as follows:11.1.1 The buyer and the seller may agree on a procedure toestablish conformance, including control charts furnished bythe seller, a sequential sampling plan, or the double-samplingplan outlined in 11.1.2.11.1.2 In the absence of a control-chart or sequential-sampling
27、 plan, proceed as directed in 11.1.2.1 through 11.1.2.3.11.1.2.1 If the test results for the lot conform to thetolerance for all characteristics specified in Sections 6-9,consider the lot a valid delivery.11.1.2.2 If the test results for one or more characteristics donot conform to the tolerance, ta
28、ke a new laboratory samplefrom either the original lot sample or a new lot sample. Test thenew sample for the characteristic(s) that did not conform to thetolerances in the first test, and average the results of the firstand second samples as if all results were from one test ofdouble the original n
29、umber of specimens. If the new average(s)conform(s) to the specified tolerances, consider the lot a validdelivery.11.1.2.3 If the test results obtained as directed in 11.1.2.2 donot conform to the specified tolerances, consider the lot anonvalid delivery.12. Certification12.1 When agreed upon in wri
30、ting by the purchaser and theseller, a certification shall be made the basis of acceptance ofthe material. This shall consist of a copy of the manufacturerstest report or a statement by the seller, accompanied by a copyof the test results, that the material has been sampled, tested,TABLE 1 Grades of
31、 Asbestos Textiles Used for ElectricalInsulating PurposesGrade Asbestos Content, mass percentUnderwriters 80 up to but excluding 85A 85 up to but excluding 90AA 90 up to but excluding 95AAA 95 up to but excluding 99AAAA 99 to 100 inclusiveD2100/D2100M 95 (2009)12and inspected in accordance with the
32、provisions of the speci-fication. Each certification so furnished shall be signed by anauthorized agent of the seller or manufacturer.12.2 When the product origin (original identity) cannot beestablished, certification can be based only on the samplingprocedure provided by the applicable specificati
33、on.12.3 In the absence of certification, proceed as directed in11.1.1 through 11.1.2.3.13. Keywords13.1 asbestos; asbestos textile; electrical insulation; electro-magnetic; textileASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item m
34、entionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committ
35、ee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meet
36、ing of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P
37、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D2100/D2100M 95 (2009)13
