1、Designation: D2103 10D2103 15Standard Specification forPolyethylene Film and Sheeting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2103; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the classification of polyethyl
3、ene film and sheeting up to 0.3 mm (0.012 in.) in thickness, inclusive.The film or sheeting may contain additives for the improvement of the surface properties, pigments, or stabilizers, or combinationsthereof.NOTE 1Film is defined in Terminology D883 as an optional term for sheeting having a nomina
4、l thickness no greater than 0.254 mm (0.010 in.).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in bracketsparentheses are for informationonly.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:This st
5、andarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This specification allow
6、s for the use of recycled polyethylene film or resin as feedstock, in whole or in part, as long as allthe requirements as governed by the producer and end user are also met (see Note 12).NOTE 2Guide D7209 describes terminology and definitions related to recycled plastics.NOTE 3There is no known ISO
7、equivalent to this specification.standard.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and MoldedProducts.Current edition approved April 1, 2010April 1, 2015. Published May 2010April 2015. O
8、riginally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20082010 asD2103 08.D2103 10. DOI: 10.1520/D2103-10.10.1520/D2103-15.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version.
9、Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section a
10、ppears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation (Withdrawn 2013)3D618 Practice for Conditionin
11、g Plastics for TestingD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic SheetingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent PlasticsD10
12、04 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of Plastic Film and SheetingD1434 Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and SheetingD1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD1709 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastic F
13、ilm by the Free-Falling Dart MethodD1746 Test Method for Transparency of Plastic SheetingD1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and SheetingD1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum MethodD1938 Test Meth
14、od for Tear-Propagation Resistance (Trouser Tear) of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by a Single-Tear MethodD2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and Solid PlasticsD2578 Test Method for Wetting Tension of Polyethylene and Polypropylene FilmsD2839 Practice for Use of a Melt Index Stran
15、d for Determining Density of PolyethyleneD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4321 Test Method for Package Yield of Plastic FilmD4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or SheetsD4976 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and
16、Extrusion MaterialsD5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics SpecimensD6988 Guide for Determination of Thickness of Plastic Film Test SpecimensD7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (Withdrawn2015)3E96/E96M Test Met
17、hods for Water Vapor Transmission of MaterialsF1249 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Modulated Infrared Sensor3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the definitions of plastics used in this specification are in accordanc
18、e with Terminology D883.3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the definitions of plastics used in this specification are in accordance with Terminology D883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 treatedsurface characteristics of the sheet or film have been modified by
19、flame, corona discharge, or other means topromote the adhesion of inks, etc.3.2.2 yieldthe area provided by a given weight of film or sheeting of specified thickness.4. Classification4.1 The film and sheeting covered in this specification shall be designated by a type number, composed by listing the
20、 desiredcell limit for each of the five properties, in the order shown in Table 1.NOTE 4Examples of this classification system are as follows:2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolu
21、me information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.D2103 152Examples of this classification system are as follows:TABLE 1 Type NumbersPropertyOrderNumberProperty 0 1 2 3 4 5 Units1 Den
22、sityA unspecified 0.910300 g2 Impact strength unspecified 300 grams3 Coefficient of frictionG unspecified 0.70 . .4 Haze unspecified 9.0 . . .5 Nominal thickness unspecified C D E F G mm (in.)5 Nominal thickness unspecified B C D E F mm (in.)A AnnealedAnnealed density of molded plaques or Melt Index
23、 extrudates.B F50 (Results of a recent round robin have shown the equivalency of these two procedures.)0.0254 (0.0010).C 0.0254 (0.0010).0.02540.0508 (0.00100.0020)D 0.02540.0508 (0.00100.0020)0.05080.1016 (0.00200.0040)E 0.05080.1016 (0.00200.0040)0.10160.1778 (0.00400.0070)F 0.10160.1778 (0.00400.
24、0070)0.1778#0.3048 (0.0070#0.0120)G 0.1778#0.3048 (0.0070#0.0120)Coefficient of friction listed in this table is based on the kinetic coefficient of friction.D2103 153With this type of classification it is possible to assemble on paper a combination of properties that is impossible to obtain with th
25、e present state oftechnology. A purchaser using this specification for the first time will probably find it necessary to contact material suppliers to learn what materialsare commercially available.4.2 In cases where surface treatment is specified by the purchaser, the test method must be agreed upo
26、n between the purchaserand the seller. The recommended test to measure the degree of surface treatment is Test Method D2578.5. General Requirements5.1 AppearanceThe material shall have appearance qualities conforming with those produced by good commercial practice.It shall be as free as commercially
27、 possible of gels, streaks, pinholes, particles of foreign matter, and undispersed raw material.Gels need to be kept as minimal as possible when recycled materials are used in the films. There shall be no other visible defectssuch as holes, tears, or blisters. The edges shall be free of nicks and cu
28、ts visible to the unaided eye. There shall be no visibleevidence of damage from shipping.5.2 Thickness TolerancesThe point-to-point thickness tolerances of the film or sheeting covered in this specification shallbe nominal 620 %.5.3 Yield TolerancesThe actual yield of film or sheeting covered in thi
29、s specification shall be within the tolerance limits ofthe nominal yield as prescribed in Table 2. In cases where each roll, blanket, or unit of production is packaged and marked by theproducer as the ultimate consumer sales unit with stated dimensions, the single-roll tolerances for yield shall app
30、ly.5.4 Width TolerancesThe tolerance for width shall be 63.263.3 mm (0.13 in.)/ft of nominal width except that the toleranceshall be not less than 63.263.3 mm (0.13 in.).5.5 LengthFor unit consumption the length of film or sheeting per roll shall be within +4, -0 % of the length as marked, oras agre
31、ed upon between the purchaser and the seller. Each roll shall be in one piece, except that it is permissible for no more than20 % of the rolls in any one shipment to contain a maximum of three pieces. Such rolls shall be clearly labeled.6. Detail Requirements6.1 The film or sheeting shall conform to
32、 the requirements of Table 1 as indicated by the type designation.6.2 The film and sheeting shall not be blocked excessively as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.7. Sampling7.1 Samples of film or sheeting sufficient to determine conformance to this specification shall be taken at rand
33、om.TABLE 2 Yield TolerancesNumber of Rolls Tolerance, %Single rolls and lots up to and including 25 rolls 10Lots over 25 rolls and up to and including 100 rolls 5Lots over 100 rolls 3D2103 1548. Test Methods8.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens at 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 10 % relative
34、humidity for not less than40 h prior to test in accordance with Specification Procedure A of Practice D4976D618 for those tests where conditioning isrequired. unless otherwise specified by agreement or the relevant ASTM material specification. In cases of disagreement, thetolerances shall be 61C (61
35、.8F) and 62 % 65 % relative humidity.8.2 Test ConditionsConduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere of the tests at 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) in accordancewith Specificationand 50 6 10 D4976% relative humidity unless otherwise specified in the test methods or in thisby agreementor the relevant A
36、STM material specification. In cases of disagreement, the tolerancetolerances shall be 61C (61.8F).(61.8F)and 65 % relative humidity.8.3 In addition, for films containing hydrophilic fillers, co-monomers, pigments or other modifiers, conditioning and testingshall be done at 50 6 10 % relative humidi
37、ty. In cases of disagreement, the tolerance shall be 65 % relative humidity.8.3 DensityDetermine the annealed density of the molded plaques or melt index extrudate as specified in Specification D4976.Plaques shall be compression molded in accordance with Practice D4703,AnnexA1, Procedure C. If melt
38、index extrudate is used,it shall be prepared in accordance with Practice D2839.8.4 Impact StrengthTest the film or sheeting for impact strength in accordance with Test Methods D1709, Test Method A,reporting the results in grams at nominal thickness, except report the results in grams per mil. grams.
39、 This test method is notapplicable to impact strengths greater than 3002,000 g. Run impact strengths of greater than 3002,000 g in accordance with TestMethod B of Test Methods D1709.NOTE 5The impact resistance of polyethylene film, while partly dependent on thickness, has no simple correlation with
40、sample thickness. Hence,impact values expressed in grams cannot be normalized over a range of thicknesses without producing misleading data as to the actual impact resistanceof the material. Data from these methods are comparable only for comparing specimens that vary in thickness by no more than 62
41、5 % from the nominalor average thickness of the specimens tested.8.5 Coeffcient of Friction, KineticDetermine the kinetic coefficient of friction in accordance with Test Method D1894.8.6 HazeDetermine the haze of the film or sheeting in accordance with Test Method D1003.8.7 TreatmentDesignate the fi
42、lm or sheeting simply as untreated or treated in accordance with 3.2.1.8.8 ThicknessThe thickness of the film and sheeting shall meet the requirements be determined in 5.2 when measured inaccordance with Test MethodTest Methods D374D5947 using Method A, B, C, or D, as appropriate for the specimen th
43、ickness,using appropriate apparatus as described and calibrated in accordance with the applicable sections of Test Methods or GuideD374D6988, unless otherwise specified8.8.1 Test SpecimensFive specimens, at least 5 by 5 cm (2 by 2 in.) in area, taken randomly across the width of the roll shallbe tes
44、ted. At least one set of specimens shall be measured from each roll being tested.8.9 YieldCalculate the actual yield using Test Method D4321.8.9.1 Calculate the nominal yield using Test Method D4321 and the unannealed film density. Determine the unannealed filmdensity in accordance with Test Method
45、D1505, using three specimens after conditioning in accordance with Procedure A ofPractice D618.8.9.2 Calculate the deviation of the actual yield from the nominal yield as follows:D 5Ya 2Yn!/Yn# 3100 (1)where:D = deviation from the nominal yield, %,Ya = measured yield, m2/kg (in.2/lb), andYn = nomina
46、l yield, m2/kg (in.2/lb).9. Packaging and Package Marking9.1 PackagingThe material shall be packaged in standard commercial containers, so constructed as to ensure acceptance bycommon or other carriers for transportation at the lowest rate to the point of delivery, unless otherwise specified in the
47、contractor order.9.2 MarkingShipping containers shall be marked with the name,ASTM type in accordance with this specification, thickness,width, and weight of the film or sheeting contained therein, as defined by the contract or order under which the shipment is made,the name of the manufacturer, and
48、 the contract order number.9.3 All packing, packaging, and marking provisions of Practice D3892 shall apply to this specification.10. Keywords10.1 ethylene plastics; polyethylene film; polyethylene plastics; polyethylene sheeting; recyclingD2103 155APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. OTHER PROPE
49、RTIES (OPTIONAL)X1.1 Other properties that may be used to characterize polyethylene film and sheeting are as follows:X1.1.1 Tensile Strength and ElongationWhen tensile strength and elongation are to be measured, test in accordance with TestMethodsMethod D882. It is important that these properties be measured in both the transverse and longitudinal directions.X1.1.2 Tear StrengthWhen required, determine the tear strength in accordance with Test Method D1938 or , Test MethodD1922, or Test Method D1004, as agreed upo
