1、Designation: D2152 13D2152 17 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forAdequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone Immersion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2152; the number immediately following the designation indica
2、tes the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination o
3、f the adequacy of fusion of extruded rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe andmolded fittings as indicated by reaction to immersion in anhydrous acetone.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where instruments are calibrated in SI units.1.3 This standard
4、does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specif
5、ic hazards statements are given in Annex A1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World
6、 Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is applicable only for distinguishing between inadequately fused and adequately fused PVC. The dif
7、ferencebetween thermally degraded and adequately fused PVC cannot be detected by this test method. Acetone immersion is not asubstitute for burst, impact, or other physical or chemical tests on PVC pipe or fittings and it, therefore, shall not be used as theonly test specification for purchasing of
8、PVC pipe and fittings. This test only detects inadequate fusion and does not determine theover-all quality of the PVC pipe or fittings.3.2 This test method is useful in determining whether inadequate fusion contributed to failure of PVC pipe or fittings in otherphysical or chemical tests, or in serv
9、ice.3.3 This test method is useful in evaluating the adequacy of PVC fusion obtained in process or materials trials.3.4 This test method determines adequacy of fusion on a single, relatively small specimen. This test method requires the useof a hazardous reagent which must be properly handled and di
10、sposed. Therefore, this test method may not be cost-effective toemploy as a routine quality control test.4. Apparatus4.1 ContainerEither individual, sealable containers for each specimen or one large, airtight container capable of holdingseveral specimens without touching one another.4.2 Hydrometer
11、and CylinderPrecision hydrometer, graduated in thousandths, with a minimum range of 0.780 to 0.790 g/mLand a cylinder large enough to immerse the hydrometer.4.3 ThermometerASTM 12C total immersion thermometer, range from 20C to 102C accurate to 0.2C, or equivalent.1 This test method is under the jur
12、isdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl BasedPipe.Current edition approved May 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2017. Published June 2013January 2018. Originally approved in 1963T. Last previous edition approved in 20102013 asD2152 95D
13、2152 13.(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D2152-13.10.1520/D2152-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This d
14、ocument is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions
15、as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Uni
16、ted States15. Reagent5.1 AcetoneAmerican Chemical Society Reagent Grade, having a maximum density of 0.7857 g/mL at 25C.NOTE 1See Annex A1 for the safety and health precautions to be used with acetone.5.2 Prior to conducting the test, check the density of the acetone with a precision hydrometer to d
17、etermine its dryness. If thedensity of the acetone is greater than 0.78900.934 g/mL at 23C, (corresponding to approximately 1 %2 % water by mass (see Fig.X1.1), use fresh acetone or dry the wet acetone with a drying agent. Recheck the density of the fresh or dried acetone before using.NOTE 2Wet acet
18、one can be dried by thoroughly agitating it with at least 15 g of anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO4) for each gram of water present.NOTE 3The presence of water in the acetone reduces its sensitivity to differences in the degree of fusion of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). It isimportant to dry the
19、acetone properly and conduct the test in a sealed container, because acetone rapidly absorbs moisture from the atmosphere.NOTE 4Round-robin testing between four laboratories showed that test results are not significantly altered with up to 2 % water by weight in theacetone.6. Sampling6.1 Specimens s
20、hall be taken from individual pipe sections, fittings, or remnant portions of pipe or fittings. Specimens shall betaken from locations which are to be evaluated for adequacy of fusion, or immediately adjacent to them.6.2 The number of individual specimens to be tested and their locations shall be ch
21、osen to be representative of the pipe orfittings being evaluated for adequacy of fusion.7. Test Specimens7.1 Size of SpecimenSpecimen shall be a size that is convenient to immerse in the test container but not less than 12 in. (13mm) in height. For small diameter pipe, the specimen shall be a comple
22、te circumferential section of the pipe. For large diameterpipe, the specimen shall be a full pipe section but it may be cut into smaller pieces to facilitate testing. Small molded parts shallbe immersed as a single item. For large molded fittings, the specimen shall be a complete circumferential sec
23、tion which may becut into segments before being immersed. If the pipe or fitting to be evaluated has fractured or fragmented in other tests or inservice, specimens of any shape and size may be tested.7.2 Specimen PreparationFor pipe having a wall thickness greater than 0.125 in. (3.2 mm) the wall th
24、ickness shall be reducedto allow testing of the entire wall thickness of the specimen at six or more intervals around the circumference of one end of thespecimen.The mid-wall surface exposed for testing shall be from the interior wall surface to the exterior wall surface at a minimumof 45 degrees fr
25、om the square cut on the end of the pipe as shown in Fig. 1. Removal shall be effected by filing, wet sanding, orother means that will minimize localized heating of the surface. It is not necessary to reduce the wall thickness on molded fittings.8. Conditioning8.1 Unless otherwise specified, conditi
26、on the specimens in air for 1 h at 2362C (73.463.6F) prior to testing. The specimensshall not be conditioned in water because of the effect water has on the acetone. For referee purposes conditioning shall be inaccordance with Procedure A of Practice D618.9. Procedure9.1 Conduct the tests in a Stand
27、ard Laboratory Atmosphere of 23 6 2C unless otherwise specified.9.2 Place sufficient dried acetone into the container to ensure complete immersion of the specimen.9.3 Place the test specimen in the acetone, seal the container, and do not agitate.Allow specimen to stand immersed for 20 min.9.4 After
28、20 min, remove the specimen from the container and inspect for signs of attack.9.5 Attack is described as a lifting, raising, or removing, or both, of any material outside surface, inside surface, or mid-wall,of the specimen. Swelling or softening of the test specimen shall not be considered attack.
29、10. Fusion Criteria10.1 At When the moisture content of the acetone is found to be equal to 1% for less at least 50 % attack of the inside, outside,or mid-wall surface or at least 10 % attack on more than one surface shall be considered to be indicative of inadequate fusion.10.2 When the moisture co
30、ntent of the acetone is found to be greater than 1% but less than or equal to 2% any amount of attackon any surface shall be considered to be indicative of inadequate fusion.FIG. 1 Specimen PreparationD2152 17211. Report11.1 The report shall include the following:11.1.1 Complete identification of th
31、e PVC compound,11.1.2 Production code number of the pipe or fittings,11.1.3 Nominal dimensions of the pipe or fittings,11.1.4 Observations after 20 min immersion shall be reported indicating attack or no attack,11.1.5 The area attacked, inside, outside, or mid-wall, and the estimated percentage of t
32、hat area attacked, and11.1.6 Date of test.12. Precision and Bias12.1 This test method is subjective, based on operator judgement. Therefore a statement on precision and bias is not applicable.13. Keywords13.1 acetone; fusion; pipe; poly(vinyl chloride); PVCANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. RECOMMENDED
33、 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO BE USED WITH ACETONEA1.1 Safety Requirements:A1.1.1 No source of ignition is to be permitted where acetone is used.A1.1.2 Dispense acetone only from approved safety containers.A1.1.3 Dispose of used acetone, or acetone-impregnated cloths only in an approved safety waste recept
34、acle.A1.1.4 Avoid prolonged breathing of acetone. Use acetone only in a well ventilated area.A1.1.5 Use proper eye protection such as chemical-workers goggles or a face shield when handling acetone.A1.1.6 Avoid prolonged exposure to the skin. If prolonged exposure to the skin cannot be avoided, use
35、protective clothing.A1.2 Health Hazards:A1.2.1 Acetone is a mild irritant to eyes, nose and throat but only minor residual injury will occur if no medical treatment is given.A1.2.2 Prolonged or continuous exposure of acetone to the skin may cause acute or chronic dermatitis. Exposed skin areas shoul
36、dbe washed and dried. Consult a physician if a rash develops.A1.3 Fire Hazard:A1.3.1 Acetone is a very flammable liquid having a flash point of 18C (0F). Use dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxideto fight a fire. Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool or to wash away or dilute spills
37、which have not ignited.D2152 173APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DENSITY OF ACETONE VERSUS PERCENT WATER AT FOUR TEMPERATURESFIG. X1.1 Density of Acetone versus Percent Water at Four TemperaturesD2152 174SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee F17 has identified the location of selected changes to this sta
38、ndard since the last issue(D2152 95D2152(2010)13) that may impact the use of this standard.(1) 7.25.2 was revised.(2) Section 10 was revised.(3) Fig. 1X1.1 was added.revised.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mention
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