1、Designation: D226/D226M 09D226/D226M 17Standard Specification forAsphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing andWaterproofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D226/D226M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This speci
3、fication covers asphalt-saturated organic felts, with or without perforations, intended to be used with asphaltsconforming to the requirements of Specification D312D312/D312M in the construction of built-up roofs, and with asphaltsconforming to the requirements of Specification D449D449/D449M in the
4、 construction of water proofing systems.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo
5、systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
6、 the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision o
7、n Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method)D146D
8、146/D146M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Bitumen-Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing andWaterproofingD312D312/D312M Specification for Asphalt Used in RoofingD449D449/D449M Specification for Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and WaterproofingD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Water
9、proofingD6136D6136/D6136M Test Method for Kerosine Number of Unsaturated (Dry) Felt by Vacuum Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology D1079.4. Classification4.1 Asphalt-saturated felts covered by this specification are of two types
10、:4.1.1 Type ICommonly called No. 15 asphalt felt.4.1.2 Type IICommonly called No. 30 asphalt felt.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 In the process of manufacture a single thickness of dry felt shall be saturated with an asphaltic saturant.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committe
11、e D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.04 on Felts,Fabrics and Bituminous Sheet Materials.Current edition approved July 1, 2009June 15, 2017. Published July 2009July 2017. Originally approved in 1925. Last previous edition approved in 20062009 asD226
12、06.D226/D226M 09. DOI: 10.1520/D0226_D0226M-09.10.1520/D0226_D0226M-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the AST
13、M website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult
14、 prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 The felt shall be produced princip
15、ally from organic fibers. The surface of the felt shall be uniform and relatively smooth.Upon splitting or tearing on the bias, the felt shall appear reasonably free of lumps or particles of foreign substances.6. Physical Requirements6.1 The material shall conform to the physical requirements prescr
16、ibed in Table 1 and the dimensions and masses prescribedin Table 2.6.2 The finished product shall not crack nor be so sticky as to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled at temperaturesbetween 10 and 60C 50 and 140F.6.3 Perforated felts shall conform to the same requirements as the plain
17、type but shall also have uniformly spaced perforations.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The felt shall be thoroughly and uniformly saturated, and shall show no unsaturated spots at any point upon cutting 50-mm2-in. wide strips at random across the entire sheet and splitting them open for th
18、eir full length.7.2 The surface of the felt shall not be coated or covered with talc or other substance that would tend to interfere with adhesionbetween the felt and plying cement or bitumen.7.3 The finished material shall be free of visible external defects, such as holes, ragged or untrue edges,
19、breaks, cracks, tears,protuberances and indentations, except for intentionally provided perforations and the associated protuberances.7.4 Laying lines are not prohibited in the manufacture of felts. Laying lines when applied to the felts shall be clearly visibleduring application of the roof, and sp
20、aced at appropriate distances apart to provide for application of built-up roofs with anappropriate number of plies.7.4.1 When laying lines are used, the position of the laying lines measured from the edge of the sheet to the center of the lineshall not deviate more than 6 mm 14 in. from the positio
21、ns specified by the manufacturer to provide the appropriate number ofplies on the roof.8. Sampling and Test Methods8.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enumerated in this specification in accordance with Test MethodsD146D146/D146M.8.2 Determine the openness of the perforations in sat
22、urated felts by the following method:8.2.1 Cut three adjacent 305-mm 12-in. 6 0.5 % square specimens across the width of the felt. Determine the number ofperforations per specimen by multiplying the number of perforations per row by the number of rows. Correct for differences whenrows are off-set fr
23、om each other. Calculate the average number of perforations per specimen, P.8.2.2 Place the specimen on a sheet of white paper with the smoother side up (side from which the needling or perforatingdevice enters the felt). Use a 50-mm 2-in. wide natural or nylon bristle paint brush to apply uniformly
24、 15 to 20 cm3 1 to 114in.3 of SAE No. 10 or 10W grade motor oil to each specimen. Apply the oil with smooth strokes and without undue pressure onthe brush. Complete the initial application in 1 min and continue to brush out the oil on the surface for an additional minute.8.2.3 Lift the perforated fe
25、lt from the paper upon completion of brushing and count the oil spots showing on the white paperbeneath as open perforations. Calculate the percent of open holes, H, on the basis of the total number of holes determined in 8.2.1.Average the results of three determinations and report.8.2.4 Measure the
26、 size of the perforations using an optical comparitor. If round, record diameter of the holes. If square orrectangular, record appropriate dimensions. Calculate the average area, A, of the perforations.8.2.5 Determine the average venting area as follows:V5P3A3HS (1)where:V = vented area, %TABLE 1 Ph
27、ysical Requirements of Asphalt-Saturated Roofing FeltType I Type IIAverage breaking strength, min, kN/m lbf/in. of width:With fiber grainAcross fiber grain5.3 302.6 157.0 403.5 20Pliability at 25C 77FThe ten strips tested shall not crack when bent 90at a uniform speed over a rounded corner of:12.7-m
28、m 12-in. radius 19.1-mm 34-in. radiusLoss on heating at 105C 221F for 5 h, max, % 4 4D226/D226M 172P = average number of perforations per specimen,A = average area at one hole, mm2 in.2,H = average open holes, %, andS = average specimen area, mm2 in.2.8.2.6 No statement is made about either the prec
29、ision or the bias of this method of determining the openness of the perforationsin saturated felts since the result merely states whether there is conformance to the criteria for success specified in the procedure.8.3 Determine the saturation percent and saturation efficiency by the following method
30、:8.3.1 Calculate the percent saturation by dividing the mass of the saturant by the mass of the desaturated (dry) felt, and multiplythe result by 100.8.3.2 Determine the kerosine number of the desaturated (dry) felt in accordance with Test Method D6136D6136/D6136M.8.3.3 Calculate the saturation effi
31、ciency by dividing the percent saturation of the product by the kerosine number times thespecific gravity of the saturant, and multiply the result by 100. A suitable method for determining the specific gravity of bitumenis Test Method D70.8.3.4 The precision and bias of this method for measuring ker
32、osine value are as specified in Test Method D6136D6136/D6136M.9. Inspection9.1 InspectionInspection shall be in accordance with the requirements of this specification.9.2 Inspection AlternativesAlternative inspection requirements shall be determined by and as agreed upon between thepurchaser and the
33、 supplier.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to ConformFailure to conform to any of the requirements as stated in this specification constitutes grounds forrejection.10.2 Rejection RedressThe supplier shall have the right to inspect the rejected materials. The supplier and the purchaser shall
34、agree to the quantity of rolls deemed unacceptable. The supplier shall then have the right to submit the same number of new rollsas replacement.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser, each product package shall be plainly marked with the
35、suppliers name, the product brand, the ASTM designation, and type of bitumen if not evident in the label name of the product.11.2 The rolls shall be securely wrapped or banded in a manner that completely encircles the roll and will prevent slipping orunrolling.11.3 No roll shall contain more than tw
36、o pieces, and no more than 3 % of the rolls in any lot shall contain two pieces. If a rollcontains a manufacturing splice, the splice shall be clearly marked.TABLE 2 Dimensions and Masses of Asphalt-Saturated Roofing FeltType I Type IIWidth of roll, mm in. 914 36 0.7 % or as agreed upon by purchaser
37、 and sellerArea of roll, min, m2 ft2 20.1 216 or 40.1 432A 20.1 216AMoisture, at point of manufacture, max %B 4.3 4.1Net mass of saturated felt, min, g/m2 lb 100 ft2 560 11.5 1270 26Mass of saturant, min, g/m2 lb 100 ft2C 303 6.2 732 15.0Mass of desaturated felt, min, g/m2 lb 100 ft2 254 5.2 488 10.
38、0Ash, max, % 10.0 10.0Perforated felt, avg, area of individual hole, max, mm2 in.2 32 0.05 .Average venting area, min, % 0.1 .A Other areas as agreed upon by purchaser and seller.B At time of manufacture. Products with a higher moisture content at the time of installation may cause hot materials to
39、foam, creating voids that may result in blisters.C The mass of saturant shall not be less than 1.2 times the mass of the dry felt for Type I with a saturation efficiency of not less than 70 %. The mass of the saturant shallnot be less than 1.50 times the mass of dry felt for Type II.D226/D226M 17312
40、. Keywords12.1 asphalt; built-up roofs; organic felt; waterproofingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any
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