1、Designation: D2290 08 D2290 12 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forApparent Hoop Tensile Strength of Plastic or ReinforcedPlastic Pipe by Split Disk Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2290; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department
3、 of Defense.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative apparent tensile strength of most plastic products utilizing asplit disk or ring segment test fixture, when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and testmachine speed. This
4、test method is applicable to reinforced-thermosetting resin pipe regardless of fabrication method. This testmethod also is applicable to extruded and molded thermoplastic pipe.Procedure A is used for reinforced-thermosetting resin pipe; Procedure B is used for thermoplastic pipe of any size; Procedu
5、reC is used for thermoplastic pipe with nominal diameter of 412 in. and greater.(110 mm) and greater. Procedure D is used forpolyethylene pipe with a nominal diameter of 14 in. (350 mm) and greater and preferably having wall thickness 1 in. (25 mm) andgreater.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound unit
6、s are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the respon
7、sibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time
8、 Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Summary of Test Method3.1 The For Procedures A, B, and C, the test specimen is loaded through the suggested self-aligning split disk test fixture (Fig.1) which applies tensile stress to
9、 the test ring. An apparent tensile strength rather than a true tensile strength is obtained in this testbecause of a bending moment imposed during test at the split between the split disk test fixture. This moment is induced by thechange in contour of the ring between the two disk sections as they
10、separate. The test fixture is designed to minimize the effectof this bending moment.3.2 For Procedure D, ring segment test specimen pairs are loaded into the suggested self-aligning test fixtures (Fig. 2) that aredesigned to apply direct tensile stress to the reduced areas of the ring segment test s
11、pecimens (Fig. 3) with minimal bendingmoment.4. Significance and Use4.1 Split disk tension and ring segment tensile tests, properly interpreted, provide reasonably accurate information with regardto the apparent tensile strength of plastic pipe when employed under conditions approximating those unde
12、r which the tests aremade.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test Methods.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008Dec. 1, 2012. Published November 2008January 2013. Originally approved i
13、n 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20042008as D2290 04.D2290 08. DOI: 10.1520/D2290-08.10.1520/D2290-12.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the
14、 standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes acc
15、urately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbo
16、r Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2 Tension Ring tensile tests may provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, acceptanceor rejection under specifications, and for special purposes. The test cannot be considered significant fo
17、r applications differingwidely from the load-time scale of the standard test.NOTE 1Procedure C has been used on polyethylene and polybutylene pipe to produce results equivalent to Quick Burst results (Test Method D1599)for 4 in. to 8 in. pipes.5. Apparatus5.1 MicrometersSuitable ball-type ball anvil
18、-type micrometers, reading to at least 0.001 in., for measuring the width andthickness of the test specimens.5.2 Testing MachineA universal testing machine of the constant-rate-of-cross-head-movement type and comprising essentiallythe following:5.2.1 Drive MechanismA drive mechanism for imparting to
19、 the crosshead a uniform controlled velocity with respect to thebase, this velocity to be regulated as specified in Section 9.5.2.2 Load IndicatorA load-indicating mechanism capable of showing the total tensile load carried by the test specimen. Thismechanism shall be essentially free from inertia l
20、ag at the specified rate of testing and shall indicate the load with an accuracy of61 % of the indicated value. The accuracy of the testing machine shall be verified in accordance with Method E4.5.3 Procedure A, B, and C Test FixtureThe recommended test fixture Procedures A, B, and C is shown in Fig
21、. 1. The widthof the split disk for Procedure A and Procedure B shall be at least 0.1 in. greater than the width of the specimen. The width of thesplit disk for Procedure C shall be 2.0 in. 6 0.1 in. The supports for holding the tension test fixture shall be self-aligning, that is,they shall be atta
22、ched to the fixed and movable member of the test machine, respectively, in such a manner that they move freelyinto alignment as soon as any load is applied, so that the direction of the applied pull is directly perpendicular to the split axis ofthe test fixture.5.4 Procedure D Test FixtureA tension
23、test fixture for Procedure D is illustrated in Fig. 2. The supports for holding the tensiontest fixture shall be self-aligning, that is, they shall be attached to the fixed and movable member of the test machine, respectively,in such a manner that they move freely into alignment as soon as any load
24、is applied, so that the direction of the applied pull isdirectly perpendicular to the split axis of the test fixture.NOTE 2In Fig. 2, the 2.00-in (50.8 mm) wide by 5.00-in (127 mm) long openings are suitable for ring segment specimens that are 1.6 to 1.8 in (40.6to 45.7 mm) wide and from 1.0 to 4.5
25、in (25.4 to 114.3 mm) wall thickness. For ring segment specimen wall thickness greater than 4.5 in (114.3 mm),opening size may be adjusted appropriately. Opening size should allow 0.10 in (2.5 mm) minimum width clearance on each side, and at least 0.50 in (12.7mm) wall thickness clearance. Ring segm
26、ent test specimen securing pins 0.50-in (12.7 mm) diameter have been found suitable. Tapering or rounding theends of the securing cross pins facilitates installation into the ring segments specimens. See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.5.5 Conditioning ApparatusApparatus for maintaining the standard laboratory at
27、mospheric temperature of 23 6 2C (73.4 63.6F) and 50 6 5 % temperature and relative humidity for conditioning prior to test, as defined in Procedure A ofin accordancewith Section 7Methods. D618, shall be used, except 24 h will be the minimum time period.FIG. 1 Test Fixture: TypicalD2290 1226. Test S
28、pecimen6.1 Test specimen for Procedure A shall be full-diameter, full-wall thickness rings cut from reinforced thermosetting resin pipeby any suitable means. Specimens shall conform to Fig. 24. Specimens shall have a minimum overall width of 0.90 in., and aFixture dimensions are for illustration onl
29、y. See Note 2.FIG. 2 Procedure D Test FixtureD2290 123minimum width in the reduced section(s) of 0.55 in. The number of reduced areas shall be one or two. If two, they must be located180 apart. Reduced areas must be centered relative to the specimen width to within 0.05 in.6.2 Test specimens for Pro
30、cedure B shall be full-diameter, full-thickness rings cut from thermoplastic pipe, by any suitablemeans, as shown in Fig. 35. The minimum width of the ring, W, per Fig. 35 shall be 0.50-in. The maximum width of the ring shallbe 2.00in. Reduced areas shall be machined as shown in Fig. 35 and shall be
31、 located at the point of minimum wall thickness andat 180 thereto except when the test is used for specialized purposes (see Note 23). The reduced areas of the specimen must befree of machining marks and uniform in cross section.NOTE 3The reduced sections for the extruded or molded specimens can be
32、located at any points on the periphery of the specimen provided they are180 apart, that is, even at the weld or “knit” line of the specimen if the strength of these areas is being investigated.NOTE 4Specimen ring width, W, per Fig. 35 may be varied between 0.50 in. and 2.00 in. For larger diameter p
33、ipes with greater wall thickness,specimen stability during testing is improved when ring width is greater.6.3 Test specimens for Procedure C shall be cut normal to the pipe axis with parallel sides. The width of the specimen shall benominally 1.75 in. to 2.00 in. Two areas, one of which includes the
34、 minimum pipe wall thickness and the other 180 deg opposite,shall be wet sanded to remove cutting marks; care must be exercised to retain the rectangular cross-section of the prepared areas.6.4 Test samples for Procedure D shall be full rings cut normal to the pipe axis with parallel sides. The widt
35、h of ring samplesshall be nominally 2.00 6 0.2 in. (50.8 6 5.1 mm). One ring sample is used to produce ring segment Specimens 1 and 2.FIG. 3 Ring Segment Specimens 1 and 2 for procedure D (See 6.4.2 and 6.4.3.)FIG. 24 Reduced-Section Specimens for Procedure AD2290 1246.4.1 Ring sample wall thickness
36、 shall be measured, and the minimum wall thickness and the point 180 degrees opposite shallbe located and marked.6.4.2 Ring segment Specimens 1 and 2 shall be cut from the ring sample. Ring segment specimen cuts shall be made not lessthan 2.0 in (50 mm) above and below the minimum wall thickness poi
37、nt (Specimen 1) and the point 180 degrees opposite(Specimen 2). Ring segment Specimens 1 and 2 shall be machined smooth on both sides to width W (1.70 6 0.10 in (43.2 6 2.5mm) per Fig. 3. Care shall be taken to retain a rectangular cross section. After machining, Specimens 1 and 2 shall be condition
38、edper Practice D618 Procedure A at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 50 percentwithout regard to relative humidity for not lessthan 24 h.6.4.3 After conditioning per 6.4.2, reduced cross section areas shall be machined into ring segment Specimens 1 and 2, and twoholes for cross pins shall be drilled pa
39、rallel to and centered equidistant above and below the Specimen 1 and 2 reduced crosssection areas. See Fig. 3.6.5 Number of Test SpecimensThe number of ring test specimenssamples is optional; however, a minimum of five specimensissamples are needed to obtain a reliable average for a sample. test va
40、lue. For quality control purposes, the sample quantity shallbe one, and in cases of disagreement, five specimens ring samples shall be tested and the average test value shall be recorded.7. Conditioning7.1 ConditioningCondition the Procedure A, B, and C test specimens at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50
41、 6 5 %10 % relativehumidity for not less than 24 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of MethodsPractice D618 for those tests where. Afterpreparation per 6.4 conditioningthrough 6.4.3is required. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61.8F (61C) and62 % relative humidity. , con
42、dition Procedure D test specimens at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) without regard to relative humidityfor not less than 24 h in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618 prior to test specimen7.2 Test ConditionsConduct Procedure A, B, and C tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6
43、 2C)and 50 6 5 %10 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test methods or in this specification. In cases ofdisagreement, the tolerances shall be 61.8F (61C) and 62 % relative humidity. Conduct Procedure B, C, and D tests in alaboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) without reg
44、ard to relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the testmethods or in this specification.7.3 Special In case of disagreement, special conditioning procedures may be used by agreement between cooperatinglaboratories.8. Speed of Testing8.1 Speed of testing is velocity of separation of the two
45、members of the testing machine when running idle (under no load).Speed of testing shall be 0.1 in./min (ipm) (2.5 mm/min) minimum and 0.5 ipm in./min (12.7mm) maximum for Procedure A. Itshall be 0.5 ipmin./min for Procedures B B, C, and C.D.FIG. 35 Reduced Section Specimen for Procedure BD2290 1259.
46、 Procedure9.1 Procedure AA: (parallel-fiber-reinforced specimens):9.1.1 Measure the minimum width and thickness of the reduced area(s) to the nearest 0.001 in., using a suitable micrometer.9.1.2 Mount the specimen on the lubricated periphery of the test fixture, with the reduced area(s) centered 2.0
47、 6 0.2 in. awayfrom the split in the disk.9.1.3 Run the test at a constant speed between 0.1 and 0.5 ipm.in./min (2.5 and 12.7 mm).9.1.4 Record the maximum load carried by the specimen during the test.9.2 Procedure B:9.2.1 Measure the width and thickness of the reduced sections to the nearest 0.001
48、in. using a ball-type micrometer or a dialindicator. Record the width and thickness of both cross-sectional areas.9.2.2 Mount the test specimen on the split disk test fixture with the reduced sections at the split in the fixture. Align the testspecimen on the split disk specimen holder so that it is
49、 centered on the line joining the points of attachment of the fixture to thetest machine.9.2.3 Set the speed control at 0.50 in./min and start the test machine.9.2.4 Record the yield and ultimate loads carried by the specimen during the test.9.3 Procedure C:9.3.1 Measure the width and thickness of the prepared areas to the nearest 0.001 in. using a ball anvil type micrometer. Recordthe width and thickness of both prepared cross-sectional areas.9.3.2 Mount the test specimen on the outside of the split disk fixture with the prepared and me
