1、Designation: D2322 10Standard Test Method forResistance of Shoe Upper Leather to Artificial Perspiration1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of
3、 the effectof perspiration on shoe upper leather. The leather is subjectedto treatment with a formulation of artificial perspiration spe-cific for breakdown of leather. Resistance to grain cracking asmeasured in accordance with Test Method D2210 and area lossare used as the criterion of deterioratio
4、n. The artificial perspi-ration may also affect the flexibility of the leather. However,these effects have not been fully evaluated as criteria ofdeterioration in this test method. This test method does notapply to wet blue.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The
5、 values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to
6、 establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2210 Test Method for Grain Crack and Extension ofLeather by the Mullen TestD2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical andChemi
7、cal Tests3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method gives an indication of the serviceabilityof shoe upper leather in actual wear.4. Apparatus4.1 Circulating-Air Oven, capable of maintaining the re-quired temperature within 64F (62C).4.2 Bottle, wide-mouth,12-gal (1.9-L) with suitable airtightclosu
8、re.4.3 Glass Tray,112 in. (38 mm) deep.4.4 Mullen Tester.5. Reagent5.1 A solution of artificial perspiration with a pH of 7.5consisting of the following:Sodium chloride, g 9.0Urea, g 1.67Sodium lactate (60 percent sodium lactate), g 86.0Disodium phosphate (Na2HPO412H2O), g 0.165Distilled water to ma
9、ke 1 litre of solutionAdjust the pH of the solution with lactic acid or ammonium carbonatedepending on whether acid or base is required to bring pH to 7.5.6. Test Specimens6.1 Two test specimens 3 by 3 6 0.0625 in. (76 by 76 6 1.5mm) each shall be cut from the sample to be evaluated. Onespecimen sha
10、ll be the control, the other shall be for exposure toartificial perspiration. For purposes of identification, the speci-men for exposure to artificial perspiration shall be punched(approximate 0.06-in. (1.5-mm) hole) on two corners.6.2 When taking test specimens from skins or hides refer toPractice
11、D2813.7. Procedure7.1 Condition the control specimen at 73 6 2F (23 6 1C)and at a relative humidity of 50 6 4 % for 48 h and then teston the Mullen Tester for grain crack strength in accordancewith Test Method D2210.7.2 Measure all four sides of the punched specimen to thenearest164 in. (0.5 mm) and
12、 average them. The averagemeasurement shall be squared and used to determine the areaof the specimen. Record area as A.7.3 Immerse the marked specimen (Note 1) in the glass trayand cover with the artificial perspiration solution to a depth of34 to 1 in. (19 to 25 mm). Work the specimen in the soluti
13、on byfolding it grain in and rolling the fold, while applying pressurewith the finger tips. As many as three cycles of flexing may be1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.03 on Footwear. This testmethod was de
14、veloped in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 1964 as D2322 64T. Last previous edition approved in 2005 asD2322 00(05). DOI: 10.1520/D2322-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www
15、.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.requi
16、red to wet the leather. If leather is still not wet through,vacuum soaking may be necessary.NOTE 1Only a single layer of specimen should be placed in theperspiration solution and care should be taken to prevent adjacentspecimens from coming in contact.7.4 After 1 h, remove the specimen and suspend i
17、n the12-gal (1.9-L) bottle over 1.7 oz (50 mL) of water. Seal thebottle containing the treated specimen (Note 2), and place intoa circulating-air oven at 158F (70C) for 48 h (Note 3). At theend of this period of time remove the specimen from the bottleand hang up to dry at room temperature and humid
18、ity for 16 h.7.5 Condition the specimen at 73 6 2F (23 6 1C) and ata relative humidity at 50 6 4 % for 48 h.NOTE 2It is important to have the jar or bottle completely sealed sothat the specimens are in an atmosphere of 100 % relative humidity duringthe heating.NOTE 3For testing vegetable tanned leat
19、her a temperature of 140F(60C) should be maintained.NOTE 4Certain specimens may be so deformed as to make the Mullendetermination impossible. Such specimens will be reported as havingfailed the test.7.6 Remeasure the exposed specimen (see 7.2). Recordarea as B. Then test on the Mullen Tester (see No
20、te 4) for graincrack strength in accordance with Test Method D2210.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the percentage change in grain crack strengthas follows:Change in grain crack strength, % 5 C 2 E!/C 3 100 (1)where:C = grain crack strength of control specimen, lbf (or N),andE = grain crack strength of e
21、xposed specimen, lbf (or N).8.2 Calculate percentage change in area as follows:percent area loss 5 A 2 B!/A 3 100 (2)where:A = original area of the specimen, andB = area of exposed specimen.8.2.1 In the event of an increase in area of the test specimen,calculate as follows:percent area gain 5 B 2 A!
22、/A 3 100 (3)9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Grain crack strength, in pounds-force (or newtons), ofeach specimen exposed to artificial perspiration solution, and9.1.2 Percentage changes in grain crack strength.9.1.3 Percentage change in area shall be reported to thenearest 0.1 %.1
23、0. Precision and Bias310.1 The coefficient of variation of measurements of graincrack strength of duplicate or adjacent specimens from thesame skin by this method is not greater than 20 %.10.2 Results of two laboratories, duplicate specimens, sameskin, should not be considered suspect unless the two
24、 averageresults differ by more than 40 %.11. Keywords11.1 area stability; grain crack; leather; perspirationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised t
25、hat determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapp
26、roved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you
27、feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual r
28、eprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).3Supporting data for this test method has been filed at ASTM InternationalHeadquarters as RR:D31-1005.D2322 102
