1、Designation: D346/D346M 11Standard Practice forCollection and Preparation of Coke Samples for LaboratoryAnalysis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D346/D346M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONCoke, especially run of oven coke or foundry coke, or both, is a difficult material to sample. It isimperative t
3、hat every sample be collected and handled carefully and conscientiously and in strictaccordance with the standard procedure described herein.Gross samples of not less than the quantities designated in this practice must be taken, whether thecoke to be sampled consists of a few tons or several hundre
4、d tons.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures for the collection andreduction of samples of coke to be used for physical tests,chemical analyses, and the determination of total moisture.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The va
5、lues stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.2.1 Values in SI units or inch-pound units shall beobtained my measurement in SI units or inch
6、-pound units orby appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion andRounding given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements madein other units or SI units. Values are state ins SI units wheninch-pound units are not used in practice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns
7、associated with its use. It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D167 Test Method for Apparent and True Specific Gravity
8、and Porosity of Lump CokeD293 Test Method for the Sieve Analysis of CokeD2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for AnalysisD2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sampleof CoalD3038 Test Method for Drop Shatter Test for CokeD3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in CoalD3402 Test Method for
9、 Tumbler Test for CokeIEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for MetricPractice3. Significance and Use3.1 This practice may be used to provide a representativesample of the coke from which it is collected. Because of thevariability of coke and the wide variety of sampling equipment,caution must
10、be exercised in all stages of sampling, fromsystem specifications and equipment procurement to equip-ment acceptance testing and actually taking the final sample.3.2 This practice also provides an analysis sample of cokefrom the gross or divided sample. The analysis samples can beused to determine t
11、he value of the coke represented, its abilityto meet specifications, as well as for other purposes.4. Place of Sampling4.1 Sample coke while it is being loaded into or unloadedfrom railroad cars, ships, barges, or trucks, or when dischargedfrom supply bins, grab buckets, belt conveyers, or other cok
12、econveying equipment. Sample close to the point of interest.5. Collection of Gross Sample5.1 Collect increments regularly, systematically, and withsuch frequency, so that the entire quantity of coke sampled willbe represented proportionately in the gross sample, and a gross1This practice is under th
13、e jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal andCoke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.23 on Sampling.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originallyapproved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D346 04(2010).DOI: 10.1520/D0346-11.2For refer
14、enced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
15、 Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.sample of the required amount will be collected. The standardgross sample shall equal or exceed the quantities given in Table1.5.1.1 The quantity of sample to be taken will depend on thetype and size of the coke being sampled and the amount ofinformation t
16、o be obtained from the sample.5.1.1.1 The size of the sieve analysis sample is governed bythe homogeneity of the coke being sampled. The quantitiesgiven in Table 1 represent the minimum quantity to becollected. The sieve analysis sample will supply sufficient cokefor any subsequent physical tests an
17、d laboratory analysis. Totalmoisture of the coke should not be determined on the sieveanalysis sample.5.1.1.2 For the drop shatter test, a minimum of 75 kg 165lb of coke retained on 50-mm 2-in. square mesh sieve iffurnace coke is being processed, or 140 kg 300 lb of cokeretained on 75-mm 3-in. squar
18、e mesh sieve if foundry coke isbeing processed, is required. The quantities given in Table 1represent the minimum amounts required of sized coke.5.1.1.3 The tumbler test requires a minimum of 35 kg 75lb of coke that will pass a 75-mm 3-in. square mesh sieveand can be retained on a 50-mm 2-in. square
19、 mesh sieve, orthat which will pass a 64-mm 212-in. square mesh sieve andcan be retained on a 38-mm 112-in. square mesh sieve. Thequantities given in Table 1 represent the minimum amount ofthe required sized coke.5.1.1.4 The apparent specific gravity test required a mini-mum of 23 kg 50 lb of repres
20、entative coke pieces. Thequantities given in Table 1 represent the minimum amounts ofthe required coke pieces.5.1.1.5 The determination of total moisture of the cokerequires approximately 45 kg 100 lb of coke. The quantitiesgiven in Table 1 represent the minimum amount to be col-lected.5.1.1.6 The q
21、uantities given for samples for chemical analy-sis represent the minimum amounts to be collected.NOTE 1Samples collected from the surface of coke in piles, bins, cars,ships, or barges are, in general, unreliable because of size segregation andshould not be used for determining conformance to specifi
22、cations unlessthe purchaser and the seller so agree. If necessary to collect a sample ofcoke from the surface of a loaded railroad car, take nine equal incrementsabout 305 mm 1 ft below the surface. Locate the nine points as shownin Fig. 1. The diameter of the hole must be at least 3 times that of t
23、helargest piece in the shipment.6. Condition of Increment Collection6.1 Four conditions of increment collection are recognized:6.1.1 Condition A (Stopped-Belt Cut), in which a loadedconveyor belt is stopped and a full cross-section cut withparallel sides is removed from the coke stream. The distance
24、between the parallel faces shall not be less than three times thelength of the largest piece.6.1.2 Condition B (Full-Stream Cut), in which a full crosssection is removed from a moving stream of coke.6.1.3 Condition C (Part-Stream Cut), in which a portion,not a full cross section, is removed from a m
25、oving stream ofcoke.6.1.4 Condition D (Stationary Sampling), in which a portionof coke is collected from a pile, a railroad car, a barge, or ashiphold.NOTE 2See Section 6 of Practice D2234/D2234M.7. Size of Increments7.1 To collect increments, use a shovel or specially designedtool or mechanical mea
26、ns for taking equal increments. Whenincrements are collected from the surface of a loaded rail car ortruck shipment, the gross sample shall consist of nine incre-ments of approximately equal quantity. When increments aretaken from piles, conveyor belts, barges, and so forth, the grosssample shall co
27、nsist of not less than 25, nor more than 50increments, of approximately equal quantity.NOTE 3When large-size coke, such as foundry coke, is beingsampled, it is likely that quantities larger than those given in Table 1 willbe collected. However, the minimum number of increments collectedshould not be
28、 decreased unless such is agreed upon between the purchaserand the seller.NOTE 4If the sample for chemical analysis is obtained from the sieveanalysis sample, a sample not smaller than that shown in Table 1 shouldbe reconstituted from the size fractions obtained when the sieve analysissample was pro
29、cessed.8. Quantities Represented8.1 Take a gross sample for each 454 Mg 500 tons orfraction thereof, or in case of larger tonnages, for suchquantities as may be agreed upon. Sample separately each lotof coke arising from a different source or known to be ofdifferent quality or size.9. Processing of
30、the Test Sample9.1 Process samples collected for sieve analysis of coke inaccordance with the procedure given in Test Method D293.9.2 Process samples collected for the drop shatter test inaccordance with the procedure given in Test Method D3038.9.3 Process samples collected for the tumbler test in a
31、ccor-dance with the procedure given in Test Method D3402.9.4 Process samples collected for the determination ofapparent specific gravity and porosity in accordance with theprocedure given in Test Method D167.TABLE 1 Minimum Gross Sample Weights of Coke, kg lbUsageFoundry Coke Furnace CokeCoke Breeze
32、ARun of Oven Sized Run of Oven SizedSieve analysis (size consist) 364 800 227 500 227 500 182 400 45 100Drop shatter test 182 400 159 350 136 300 91 200 .Tumbler test 68 150 45 100 57 125 57 125 .Apparent specific gravity 46 100 46 100 46 100 46 100 23 50Coke moisture 46 100 46 100 46 100 46 100 23
33、50Chemical analysis 113 250 113 250 57 125 57 125 34 75ACoke passing a 19-mm 34-in. square hole sieve or smaller top size.D346/D346M 1129.5 Process samples taken for the determination of totalmoisture in accordance with the procedure given in TestMethod D3302 and Practice D2013.9.6 Prepare samples t
34、aken for chemical analysis as directedin Section 10.10. Preparation of Coke Sample for Laboratory Analysis10.1 Crush, mix, and divide the entire gross sample inquantity to convenient size for transmission to the chemicallaboratory. Crush the sample, preferably by means of jaw orroll crushers, or on
35、a chilled iron or hard steel plate by impactof a tamper, hard bar, or sledge, avoiding all rubbing actions asotherwise the ash yield can be materially increased by theaddition of iron from the sampling apparatus. Do the crushingunder such conditions as to prevent loss of coke or accidentalmixture of
36、 foreign matter.10.2 Procedure A, Manual Riffling:10.2.1 Determine the number of passes required in theriffling operation from the total volume of the gross sample andthe minimum permissible weight in accordance with Table 2.10.2.2 Divide the crushed gross sample by using a largeriffle. Riffles prop
37、erly used will reduce sample variability butcannot eliminate it. Pass the crushed coke through the rifflefrom a feed scoop, feed bucket, or riffle pan having a lip oropening the full length of the riffle. When using any of theabove containers to feed the riffle, spread the crushed cokeevenly in the
38、container, raise the container, and hold it with itsfront edge resting on top of the feed chute; then slowly tilt it sothat the coke flows in a uniform stream through the hopperstraight down over the center of the riffle into all the slots,thence, into the riffle pans, one half of the sample beingco
39、llected in each pan. Under no circumstances shovel thesample into the riffle, or dribble into the riffle from a small-mouth container. Do not allow the crushed coke to build up inor above the riffle slots. If it does not flow freely through theslots, shake or vibrate the riffle to facilitate even fl
40、ow. Theopening of the riffle slot should be 2.5 to 3 times the size of thelargest particle.10.2.3 After crushing the gross sample of not less than 14 kg30 lb (see Table 2) for 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve size, usingsuitable pulverizing equipment, further reduce this subsampleto 2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve size
41、and divide by riffling to not lessthan the quantity specified in Table 3 for 2.36-mm (No. 8) sievesize.10.2.4 With suitable pulverizing equipment, preferably aroll crusher or ball mill, reduce the 2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve sizesubsample to a 250-m (No. 60) sieve size.10.2.5 As an alternative to the proc
42、edure given in 10.2.4, the2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve size subsample may be reduced to pass95 % through a 850-m (No. 20) sieve. Divide this subsampleby riffling with the small riffle to not less than the quantityspecified in Table 3, and then reduce to 250-m (No. 60) sievesize as described in 10.2.4.10.2.
43、6 Thoroughly mix the laboratory analysis sample,weighing not less than 50 g, preferably, by mechanical means,before extracting portions for analysis.10.3 Procedure B, Hand Division:10.3.1 The method of dividing by hand the quantity of cokein a gross sample shall be carried out as described even thou
44、ghthe initial size of coke and impurities may be less thanindicated in Table 2.10.3.2 Do the progressive crushing and division in theweight of the sample to the quantities indicated in Table 2 bythe following method, which is described and illustrated in theaccompanying Fig. 2, until the maximum siz
45、e of the coke is 13mm 12 in., and the quantity is 27 kg 60 lb. Crush the grosssample to a maximum size of pieces of 50 mm 1 in.10.3.2.1 Repeat the alternate-shovel method of dividing thegross sample until the sample is divided to approximately 57kg 125 lb and take care to observe before each divisio
46、n inquantity that the sample has been crushed to the finenessFIG. 1 Location of Sampling Points from Exposed Surface of CarTABLE 2 Weights of Coke Samples with CorrespondingCrushing SizesWeight of Sample to Be DividedLargest Size of Coke and ImpuritiesAllowable in Sample Before Divisionkg lb mm in.1
47、13 or over 250 or over 25 157 125 193427 60 131214 30 5 4 meshTABLE 3 Preparation of Sample for Chemical AnalysisCrush to Pass at Least 95 %Through SieveDivide to MinimumWeight, g4.75 mm (No. 4) 20002.36 mm (No. 8) 500850 m (No. 20) 250250 m (No. 60) (100 %through)50D346/D346M 113specified in Table
48、2. Shovel the crushed coke into a conical pile(Fig. 2 (2) by depositing each shovelful of coke on top of thepreceding one, and then form into a long pile in the followingmanner: Take a shovelful of coke from the conical pile andspread it out in a straight pile (Fig. 2 (3A) having a widthequal to the
49、 width of the shovel and a length of 1.5 to3m5to 10 ft. Spread the next shovelful directly over the top of thefirst shovelful, but in the opposite direction, and so on back andforth, piling and, occasionally flattening the pile, until all thecoke has been formed into one long pile, proceeding asfollows: Beginning on one side of the pile, at either end, andshoveling from the bottom of the pile, take one shovelful (Fig.2 (4), shovelful No. 1) and set it aside; ad
