1、Designation: D564 87 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Methods forLiquid Paint Driers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par
2、entheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the test procedures to beapplied to l
3、iquid paint driers used in paints and relatedcoatings. Typical paint driers, listed in Specification D600, arecarboxylates of lead, cobalt, manganese, zinc, iron, calcium,and zirconium.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4、standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 Th
5、is international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade
6、 (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D234 Specification for Raw Linseed Oil (Withdrawn 2007)3D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D600 Specification for Liquid Paint DriersD1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids
7、 (Gard-ner Color Scale)D1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formationof Organic CoatingsD1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of VarnishesD2090 Test Method for Clarity and Cleanness of Paint andInk Liquids (Withdrawn 2007)3D2373 Test Method for Determination of Cobalt in PaintDriers b
8、y EDTA Method (Withdrawn 2016)3D2374 Test Method for Lead in Paint Driers by EDTAMethod (Withdrawn 2016)3D2375 Test Method for Manganese in Paint Driers by EDTAMethod (Withdrawn 2016)3D2613 Test Method for Calcium or Zinc in Paint Driers byEDTA MethodD3804 Test Method for Iron in Paint Driers by EDT
9、AMethodD3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning andTesting Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials(Withdrawn 2016)3D3969 Test Method for Zirconium in Paint Driers by EDTAMethodD3970 Test Method for Cerium in Paint Driers by Oxidime-tric DeterminationD3980 Practice for Interlaborat
10、ory Testing of Paint andRelated Materials (Withdrawn 1998)3D3988 Test Method for Vanadium in Paint Driers by EDTAMethodD3989 Test Method for Total Rare Earth Metals in PaintDriers by EDTA Method3. Significance and Use3.1 Driers accelerate the drying of oil, paint, printing ink,and varnish.3.2 These
11、test methods are applicable to liquid driersmanufactured for use in paints and related coatings.3.3 The tests for metallic content using ethylenediaminetet-raacetic acid dihydrate (EDTA) are intended for concentratedsolutions of single metals; two or more metals may causeinterference.4. Physical Tes
12、ts4.1 SamplingSample in accordance with Practice D3980.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 onPaint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and PaintMaterials.Current edit
13、ion approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 1940. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D564 87 (2014). DOI:10.1520/D0564-87R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of A
14、STMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis i
15、nternational standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
16、 Committee.14.2 ConditioningFollow Specification D3924 exceptwhere other temperatures are specified.4.3 AppearanceAfter conditioning overnight at room tem-perature (see Specification D3924) examine the drier withoutaid of magnification for clarity and cleanness and for presenceof foreign matter, sed
17、iment, skins, turbidity or haziness, inaccordance with Test Method D2090.4.4 Sediment or Suspended MatterIf sediment or sus-pended matter is observed, proceed as follows:4.4.1 Weigh to 1 mg, by difference, 1 to5gofdrier into atared 10 to 15-m fritted-glass crucible.After most of the drierhas passed
18、through wash with mineral spirits conforming toSpecification D235 and dry at 50C until the weight is constantto 1 mg. Calculate the difference in weight and report aspercent sediment in the drier.4.5 ColorDetermine color in accordance with TestMethod D1544.NOTE 1This scale is useful for yellow and b
19、rown organicchromophores, but not with the reds or purple of cobalt and certain othermetal compounds.4.6 Nonvolatile MatterDetermine the nonvolatile contentin accordance with Test Methods D1644 using either MethodAor B as mutually agreed upon between the supplier and theuser.4.7 Miscibility with Oil
20、Mix 1 volume of the sample with19 volumes of raw linseed oil under room temperature condi-tions. Record any signs of separation or clouding. Observe themixture at 1-h intervals for 3 h and again after 24 h. For thereference use the raw linseed oil kept in a container similar tothe one with the test
21、specimens.NOTE 2In case of disagreement between the supplier and the user,make the test for miscibility with oil at 25 6 1C.NOTE 3The linseed oil specified in Specification D234 may vary inclarity from one commercial source or linseed crop year to another and incontent of small amounts of moisture.
22、Aging from one to six months in aclosed container at 23C or (or even 10C) and then decanting supernatantoil from sediment may yield a more uniform linseed oil for miscibilitytesting.4.8 StabilityEach drier shall show no clotting or gelationor evidence of precipitation after standing for 7 days at 25
23、C,20C, 50C. If there is evidence of clotting, gelation, orprecipitation after 7 days at 20C or 50C, the drier is stillconsidered satisfactory if all signs of clotting, gelation, orprecipitation disappear after it is permitted to stand overnight atroom temperature.4.9 Drying PowerDetermine the drying
24、 power in accor-dance withTest Methods D1640. It is useful to test a previouslyevaluated standard of known drying power for comparativepurposes.NOTE 4The drying powers or efficiencies of individual metal driersmay be a function of: (1) the class of carboxylic acids, for example,octoate versus naphth
25、enate, etc., (2) additives in drier solutions, forexample, stabilizers, etc., (3) chemical unsaturation of the drying oil, (4)other metals used in conjunction with the subject drier, and (5) the othercomponents (for example, pigments, etc.) in the formulated paint.5. Chemical Analysis5.1 CobaltDeter
26、mine in accordance with Test MethodD2373.5.2 LeadDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD2374.5.3 ManganeseDetermine in accordance with TestMethod D2375.5.4 CalciumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD2613.5.5 ZincDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD2613.5.6 IronDetermine in accordance wit
27、h Test MethodD3804.5.7 ZirconiumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD3969.5.8 CeriumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD3970.5.9 VanadiumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD3988.5.10 Rare EarthDetermine in accordance with TestMethod D3989.6. Keywords6.1 driers; liquid paint driers; sta
28、ndard testsAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. HISTORICAL INFORMATIONX1.1 Historic methods for testing lead, cobalt, calcium,zinc, manganese, and iron can be found in the 1979 AnnualBook of ASTM Standards, Part 29, Method D564.X1.1.1 These methods were of primary interest before theintroduction (a
29、bout 1930) of commercial naphthenate driersthat enabled higher concentrations of drier metals in solution,than in much earlier practice when the oxides and salts of lead,manganese, and cobalt were saponified while heating withlinseed oil, resin, and other naturally occurring organic acids oresters.
30、Metal concentrations were then as low as 10 % lead,1 % manganese, or 0.5 % cobalt.D564 87 (2017)2X1.2 Methods for testing cerium (Test Method D3970), rareearth metals (Test Method D3989), zirconium (Test MethodD3969), and vanadium (Test Method D3988) are being devel-oped. Each is suitable for the de
31、termination of the metalcontent of the drier which does not contain other drierelements. Each method is not applicable to drier blends.X1.3 An atomic absorption method is being developed thatwill be suitable for singular driers as well as drier blends.ASTM International takes no position respecting
32、the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard
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35、 standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 87 (2017)3
