1、Designation: D 79 86 (Reapproved 2004)American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: M124Standard Specification forZinc Oxide Pigments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 79; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
2、originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department o
3、f Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the pigments commerciallyknown as “zinc white” or zinc oxide. The pigments may bepurchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.NOTE 1Zinc oxides are used in many industries. For additionalinformation, see Classification D 4295 and Test Methods D 4315
4、fordescriptions of zinc oxide use in rubber compounding.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in PigmentsD 280 Test Methods for Hy
5、groscopic Moisture (and OtherMatter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in PigmentsD 281 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments bySpatula Rub-outD 332 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of WhitePigments by Visual ObservationD 1483 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments byGardner-Colem
6、an MethodD 2745 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of WhitePigments by Reflectance MeasurementsD 3280 Test Methods for Analysis of White Zinc PigmentsD 4295 Classification for Rubber CompoundingMaterialsZinc OxideD 4315 Test Methods for Rubber Compounding MaterialZinc OxideE20 Practice for Pa
7、rticle Size Analysis of Particulate Sub-stances in the Range of .2 to 7.5 m by Optical Micros-copy33. Significance and Use3.1 Zinc oxide functions as both a chemical and a pigment.It is used in a variety of applications including rubber, paint,reprography, glass, chemicals, etc. In paint, it contrib
8、utes tomildew protection, ultraviolet absorption, hiding power, andneutralization of acids formed upon oxidation of the paint film.4. Composition and Properties4.1 Dry Pigment, French ProcessIn the manufacture ofFrench process zinc oxide, metallic zinc is vaporized, either ina boiler or a refining c
9、olumn, and the resulting vapor is burnedin a controlled manner in an orifice. The fine particles of zincoxide are cooled enough to agglomerate and are collected by asystem of fabric bags. French process oxide shall conform tothe properties listed in Table 1.4.2 Dry Pigment, American Process In the m
10、anufactureof American process zinc oxide, zinc ore is reduced in thepresence of a carbonaceous fuel. The resulting vapor is burnedin a combustion chamber, and the fine particles of zinc oxideare cooled enough to agglomerate and are collected by asystem of fabric bags.American process oxide shall con
11、form tothe properties listed in Table 1.4.3 Paste in OilThe paste shall be made by thoroughlygrinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. As received itshall not be caked in the container and shall break up readily inoil to form a smooth paint of brushing consistency. The pasteshall conform to t
12、he following requirements:Pigment, % 80 to 86Linseed oil, % 14 to 20Moisture and other volatile matter, max, % 0.5Coarse particles and skins (total residue retained on aNo. 325 (45-m) sieve), max, % of the dry pigment1.54.4 In such physical properties as are specified by thepurchaser, the pigment sh
13、all satisfactorily match a referencesample mutually agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.The most frequently specified properties are oil absorption,tinting strength, and particle shape. Appropriate test methodsare listed in Section 6. In the event that either an acicular typeor a nodular (sp
14、herical) type of zinc oxide is desired, theparticle shape shall be determined by examining or photo-graphing microscopic mounts (10003 or more) of the sample1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct
15、 responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 79 86 (1999).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
16、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.and the mutually agree
17、d upon standard that are to be preparedas specified in Practice E20.5. Sampling5.1 Two samples shall be taken at random from differentpackages from each lot, batch, days pack, or other unit ofproduction in a shipment. When no markings distinguishingbetween units of production appear, samples shall b
18、e takenfrom different packages in the ratio of two samples for each4540 kg (10 000 lb), except that for shipments of less than10 000 lb, two samples shall be taken. At the option of thepurchaser, the samples may be tested separately or afterblending in equal quantities the samples from the sameprodu
19、ction unit to form a composite sample.6. Test Methods6.1 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the appro-priate ASTM test methods, where applicable. Test proceduresnot covered by ASTM test methods shall be mutually agreedupon by the purchaser and the seller.6.1.1 Coarse ParticlesTest Methods D
20、 185.6.1.2 Moisture in PigmentsTest Methods D 280.6.1.3 Chemical Analysis of Dry PigmentsTest MethodsD 3280.6.1.4 Oil Absorption of Pigments by Gardner-ColemanMethodTest Method D 1483.6.1.5 Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-OutTestMethod D 281.6.1.6 Instrumental Tinting Strength of White Pig
21、mentsTest Method D 2745.6.1.7 Tinting Strength of White Pigments Test MethodD 332.7. Keywords7.1 American process; French process; mildew protection;ultraviolet absorption; zinc oxide; zinc whiteASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
22、with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible te
23、chnical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider
24、ation at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr
25、Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(
26、www.astm.org).TABLE 1 CompositionFrenchProcessAmericanProcessZinc oxide, min, % 99 98.5Total sulfur, max, % 0.1 0.2Moisture and other volatile matter, max, % 0.5 0.5Total impurities, including moisture andother volatile matter, max, %1.0 1.5Coarse particles (total residue retained ona No. 325 (45-m) sieve), max, %0.10 0.25D 79 86 (2004)2
