1、Designation: D885/D885M 10a (Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Methods forTire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Filament YarnsMade from Manufactured Organic-Base Fibers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D885/D885M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
2、yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.
3、Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the testing of industrialfilament yarns made wholly of manufactured organic-basefibers, cords twisted from such yarns, fabrics woven from suchcords, and products that are made specifically for use in themanufacture of pneumatic tires. They m
4、ay be applied to similaryarns and cords used for reinforcing other rubber goods and forother industrial applications. The test methods apply to nylon,polyester, and rayon yarns and tire cords twisted from suchyarns and to fabrics made from such cords. The yarn or cordmay be wound on cones, tubes, bo
5、bbins, spools, or beams; maybe woven into fabric; or may be in some other form. Themethods include testing procedure only and include no speci-fications or tolerances.1.2 No procedure is included for the determination offatigue resistance of cord, but several commonly used proce-dures for the measur
6、ement of fatigue resistance of cords inrubber were published in the appendix of these test methods inthe 1967 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 24, and inearlier issues of Test Methods D885.1.3 The sections on “Growth of Conditioned Yarns andCords,” “Properties of Yarns and Cords at ElevatedTemper
7、ature,” and “Properties of Wet Yarns and Cords” havebeen moved to Appendix X1 Appendix X3 as non-mandatoryinformational items because of their very limited use by theindustry and because precision and bias statements are notincluded.1.4 This standard includes the following sections:SectionAdhesion o
8、f Cord to Elastomers 34Bibliography of Tire Cord Test Methods X5Breaking Strength (Force) of Yarns and Cords at Elevated Tempera-tureX2.3Breaking Strength (Force) of Conditioned Yarns and Cords 16Breaking Strength (Force) of Oven-Dried Rayon Yarns and Cords 23Breaking Strength (Force) of Rayon Yarns
9、 and Cords at SpecifiedMoisture Regain Level, Adjustment of17Breaking Tenacity of Conditioned Yarns and Cords 18Breaking Tenacity of Oven-Dried Rayon Yarns and Cords 24Breaking Toughness of Yarns and Cords 28Commercial Mass 9Conditioning 7Contraction of Wet Yarns and Cords X3Count of Tire Cord Fabri
10、c 37Dip (Adhesive) Solids Pickup on Yarns and Cords 33Elongation at Break of Conditioned Yarns and Cords 19Elongation at Break of Oven-Dried Rayon Yarns and Cords 25Elongation of Rayon Yarns and Cords at a Specified Moisture RegainLevel, Adjustment of Observed20Extractable Matter in Yarns and Cords
11、32Force at Specified Elongation (FASE) of Conditioned Yarns andCords21Force at Specified Elongation (FASE) of Oven-Dried Rayon Yarns andCords26Growth of Conditioned Yarns and Cords X1Identification of Fibers 8Keywords 40Linear Density 11Mass of per Unit Area of Tire Cord Fabric 36Modulus of Conditio
12、ned Yarns and Cords 22Moisture Regain, Actual 10Precision and Bias of Certain Yarn and Cord Tests 3935 toProperties of Tire Cord Fabric 38Sampling 6Shrinkage Force of Conditioned Yarns and Cords at Elevated Temper-ature X2.5Shrinkage of Conditioned Yarns and Cords at Elevated Temperature X2.4Signifi
13、cance and Use, General 5Significance and Use, Tensile Properties 14SI Calculations (examples for work-to-break, specific work-to-break,and breaking toughness) X4Stiffness of Fabric 3812 toTensile Properties of Yarns and Cords 28Terminology 3Thickness of Cords 31Twist in Yarns and Cords 30Width of Ti
14、re Cord Fabric 35Work-to-Break of Yarns and Cords 271.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues fro
15、m the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on IndustrialFibers and Metallic Reinforcements.Current edition approved May 15, 2014. Published J
16、une 2014. Originallyapproved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D885/D885M 10a.DOI: 10.1520/D0885_D0885M-10AR14.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesa
17、fety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile
18、Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD276 Test Methods for Identification of Fibers in TextilesD1423 Test Method for Twist in Yarns by Direct-CountingD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile MaterialsD1907 Test Method
19、 for Linear Density of Yarn (Yarn Num-ber) by the Skein MethodD1909 Standard Tables of Commercial Moisture Regainsand Commercial Allowances for Textile FibersD2257 Test Method for Extractable Matter in TextilesD2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for TestingD2462 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Dist
20、illationWith TolueneD2494 Test Method for Commercial Mass of a Shipment ofYarn or Manufactured Staple Fiber or TowD2654 Test Method for Moisture in Textiles (Withdrawn1998)3D3774 Test Method for Width of Textile FabricD3775 Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick) Countof Woven FabricsD3776 Tes
21、t Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) ofFabricD4393 Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of ReinforcingCords or Fabrics to Rubber CompoundsD4776 Test Method for Adhesion of Tire Cords and OtherReinforcing Cords to Rubber Compounds by H-TestProcedureD4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation
22、andRelated Properties of TextilesD6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, HoseReinforcing Wire, and Fabrics3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to tire cord, bead wire,hose wire, and tire cord fabrics, refer to Terminology D6477.3.1.1.1 The following terms
23、 are relevant to this standard:cord, cord twist, dip, dip pickup, in a textile cord or fabric,industrial yarn, moisture equilibrium for testing, for industrialyarns and tire cords, pneumatic tire, single twist, standardatmosphere for testing textiles, tabby sample, tire, and tire cordfabric.3.1.2 Fo
24、r definitions of terms related to force and deforma-tion in textiles, refer to Terminology D4848.3.1.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:breaking force, breaking strength, breaking tenacity. breakingtoughness, chord modulus, in a stress-strain curve, elongation,force at specified e
25、longation (FASE), initial modulus, tensilestrength, and work-to-break.3.1.3 For definitions of other terms related to textiles, referto Terminology D123.3.1.3.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:fabric and growth.4. Summary of Test Methods, General4.1 A summary of the directions pres
26、cribed for the determi-nation of specific properties is stated in the appropriate sectionsof specific test methods.5. Significance and Use, General5.1 The procedures in these test methods should be usedwith caution for acceptance of commercial shipments owing tothe absence of factual information on
27、the between-laboratoryprecision of many of the test procedures included in these testmethods. It is recommended that any program of acceptancetesting be preceded by an interlaboratory check in the labora-tory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier onreplicate specimens of the materials
28、to be tested for eachproperty (or properties) to be evaluated.5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),comparative tests should be performed to determine if there isa statistical bias between them, using competent statisti
29、calassistance. As a minimum, test samples should be used that areas homogeneous as possible, that are drawn from the materialfrom which the disparate test results were obtained, and thatare randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory fortesting. Other materials with established test values
30、 may beused for this purpose. The test results from the two laboratoriesshould be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, ata probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias isfound, either its cause must be found and corrected, or futuretest results must be adjusted in
31、consideration of the knownbias.5.2 The significance and use of particular properties arediscussed in the appropriate sections of specific test methods.6. Sampling6.1 Yarn:6.1.1 PackagesFor acceptance testing, sample each lot asdirected in Practice D2258. Place each laboratory samplingunit in a moist
32、ure-proof polyethylene bag or other moisture-proof container to protect the samples from atmosphericchanges until ready to condition the samples in the atmospherefor testing industrial yarns and tire cords. Take the number ofspecimens for testing specified for the specific property mea-surement to b
33、e made.6.1.2 BeamsFor acceptance testing, sample by windingyarns on a tube or spool by means of a winder using a tensionof 5 6 1 mN/tex 0.05 6 0.01 gf/den. Take the yarn from the2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.
34、For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.D885/D885M 10a (2014)2outside beam layers unless there is a question or disagreementregarding the s
35、hipment; in this case, take the sample only afterremoving yarn from the beam to a radial depth of 6 mm 14in. or more to minimize the effects of handling and atmo-spheric changes that may have occurred during shipment orstorage. Place each laboratory sampling unit in a moisture-proof polyethylene bag
36、 or other moisture-proof container toprotect the samples from atmospheric changes until ready tocondition the samples in the atmosphere for testing industrialyarns and tire cords. Take the number of specimens for testingspecified for the specific property measurement to be made.6.2 Cord:6.2.1 Number
37、 of Samples and SpecimensThe size of anacceptance sampling lot of tire cord shall be not more than onetruck or rail car load or as determined by agreement betweenthe purchaser and the supplier. Take samples at random fromeach of a number of cones, tubes, bobbins, or spools within alot to be as repre
38、sentative as possible within practical limita-tions. Make only one observation on an individual package foreach physical property determination. Take the number ofsamples, therefore, that will be sufficient to cover the totalnumber of specimens required for the determination of allphysical propertie
39、s of the tire cord. The recommended numberof specimens is included in the appropriate sections of specifictest methods covered in this standard. Where such is notspecified, the number of specimens is as agreed upon betweenbuyer and supplier.6.2.2 Preparation of SamplesRemove and discard a mini-mum o
40、f 25 m 25 yd from the outside of the package beforetaking the sample or any specimens. If specimens are not takendirectly from the original package, preferably wind the sampleon a tube or spool by means of a winder using a tension of 56 1 mN/tex 0.05 6 0.01 gf/den. If the sample is collected asa loo
41、sely wound package, or in the form of a skein, someshrinkage invariably will occur, in which case, report that theobserved results were determined on a relaxed sample. Usecare in handling the sample. Discard any sample subjected toany change of twist, kinking, or making any bend with adiameter less
42、than 10 times the yarn/cord thickness (or diam-eter). Place the sample in a moisture-proof polyethylene bag orother moisture-proof container to protect it from atmosphericchanges until ready to condition the sample in the testatmosphere for industrial yarns and tire cords.6.3 Tire Cord Fabric:6.3.1
43、Number of Samples and SpecimensThe size of anacceptance sampling lot of tire cord fabric shall be one loomcreel of cord. Take a sample from at least one roll of fabric perlot. From each roll of tire cord fabric, take the number ofspecimens as specified in the test method for each property tobe measu
44、red.6.3.2 Size of SampleTake a sample equal to the length ofcord between the regular tabby woven at the end of the roll anda special tabby woven a short distance from the end when theroll of fabric is manufactured. For rolls that do not have aspecial woven tabby, improvise a tabby by the use of gumm
45、edtape or strips of cemented fabric applied across a section of thecord fabric to give a tabby sample length at least 0.5-m 18-in.long and at least one tenth of the roll width wide.6.3.3 Preparation of SamplesCut the warp cords of thefabric along the center line of the special tabby for a distanceeq
46、ual to the width of the sample. If this distance is less than thefull width of the fabric, cut the filling yarns of the sample andof the special and regular tabbies in the direction parallel withthe warp cords. The resulting section of cord fabric is the tabbysample. Attach the tabby sample to a pie
47、ce of cardboard orfiberboard, the length of which shall be equal to at least thelength of the cord warp between tabbies. Fold the tabbyportions of the sample over each end of the board, and securethe sample to the board with pressure-sensitive tape or staples.Use care to avoid contact of tape or sta
48、ples with the area to betested. Handle the sample carefully, and hold it under sufficienttension in the warp direction to prevent the cords from kinking.Discard any specimen subjected to change of twist, kinking, ormaking any bend with a diameter less than 10 times theyarn/cord thickness (or diamete
49、r). The board with the samplemay be folded lengthwise and parallel with the warp forconvenience. Place the board with the fabric sample in apolyethylene bag, or wrap it with several layers of polyethyl-ene film, to protect the sample from changes in atmosphericmoisture content until ready to condition the sample in theatmosphere for testing industrial yarns and tire cords. Use careduring subsequent handling of the sample to prevent anychange in the cord twist and to avoid kinking the cords.6.4 Cord from Cured Tires:6.4.1 Number of Samples and SpecimensFor each t
