1、Designation: D952 10Standard Test Method forBond or Cohesive Strength of Sheet Plastics and ElectricalInsulating Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D952; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bondstrength or ply adhesion strength of sheet plastic and
3、 electricalinsulating materials. It is applicable to both laminated andnonlaminated thermoplastic and thermosetting materials.1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant andappropriate for use in engineering design.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The v
4、alues given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of
5、regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD4805 Terminolog
6、y for Plastics Standards3E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ANSI Standard:B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of technical terms pertain-ing to plastics used in this test method, see Ter
7、minology D883or Terminology D4805.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test, when applied to laminated plastics, is ameasure of the interlaminar or intralaminar strength, whicheveris smaller, in a direction normal to the plane of the laminate.When applied to nonlaminated plastics, the test is a measure o
8、fthe cohesive strength of the material. The property determinedis fundamental and has not yet been correlated with the resultsof any other method for bond strength.4.2 The test may be found to be useful as (1) a research testwhen studying the effects of changes in independent variables,(2) a specifi
9、cation test, or (3) a referee test.4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, referenceshould be made to the specification of the material being tested.Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions ortesting parameters or combination thereof covered in therelevant ASTM materials specific
10、ation shall take precedenceover those in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTMmaterial specifications then the default conditions apply. Table1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM materialsstandards that currently exist.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Testing MachineAny suitable te
11、nsile testing machinecapable of crosshead movement at a constant rate of 1.3mm/min. (0.05 in/min.) and of sufficient capacity to exceed thefailure load of the material being tested.5.2 Loading FixturesThe loading fixtures shall be self-aligning and shall not apply eccentric loads.1This test method i
12、s under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originallyapproved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D952 02.DOI:10.1520/D0952-10.2Fo
13、r referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standar
14、d is referencedon www.astm.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
15、hohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.3 Metal BlocksA pair of 51-mm (2-in.) square metalblocks each having a maximum height of 51 mm (2 in.). Eachblock shall be configured to permit attachment to the testingmachines loading fixture (see Fig. 1).NOTE 2Blocks constructed from heat-treated aluminum
16、alloy, eachhaving a hole in one end tapped78 in. in accordance with ANSI B1.1,toaccommodate threaded78-in. studs of convenient length, have been usedsuccessfully.5.4 AdhesiveAny adhesive that is found to perform satis-factorily under this test may be used provided that it will notinfluence the speci
17、men behavior by physical or chemicaleffects.NOTE 3Redux5has been found satisfactory for use with certainthermoset materials. Cyanoacrylate cement and room-temperature-curingepoxy have been used successfully for both thermoplastic and thermosetmaterials.6. Test Specimen6.1 The test specimen shall con
18、sist of sheet material 51 mm(2 in.) square, prepared in such a manner as to produce smoothedges. The thickness of the specimen shall be the thickness ofthe material. Opposite surfaces should be as parallel as possibleto prevent eccentric loading of the material.6.2 At least five specimens shall be t
19、ested for each sample.6.3 For testing the material specified, this test method is sodesigned that failure between the adhesive and the metalshould not occur. If failure does occur between the adhesiveand the metal blocks, or between the adhesive and thespecimen, discard the result and test another s
20、pecimen.7. Conditioning7.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens in accor-dance with Procedure A of Practice D618, unless otherwisespecified by contract or the relevant ASTM material specifica-tion. Conditioning time is specified as a minimum. Tempera-ture and humidity tolerances shall be in acco
21、rdance withSection 7 of Practice D618 unless specified differently bycontract or material specification.7.2 Test ConditionsConduct tests at the same temperatureand humidity used for conditioning with tolerances in accor-dance with Section 7 of Practice D618 unless otherwisespecified by contract or t
22、he relevant ASTM material specifica-tion.8. Specimen Preparation8.1 Determine the cross-sectional area of the test specimenin a plane parallel to the surface. Gently rub both sides of thespecimen with 00 emery cloth. Do not rub the specimen on thecloth since the corners will then be abraded more tha
23、n otherparts of the surface. Clean the bond areas of the specimen andmetal blocks with a suitable solvent which does not chemicallyaffect the surfaces. Do not touch the cleaned surfaces with thehands. Apply a coating of adhesive to the cleaned surfaces ofthe blocks.8.2 Place the specimen between the
24、 coated blocks beingcertain that the blocks are aligned. If pressure or temperature,or both, is (are) necessary to cure the adhesive, insert theassembly into a properly adjusted press or oven, or both. Thebonding pressure shall not be greater than the pressure used inthe construction of the material
25、. The bonding temperature shallbe room temperature or at least 50C below the temperature atwhich the material was constructed. In any case, the bondingprocedure shall not alter the material. Permit specimens tocondition in accordance with 7.1.9. Procedure9.1 Attach the assembly to the loading fixtur
26、es and deter-mine the tensile load required to break the specimen at a speedof 1.3 mm 6 0.33 mm (0.05 6 0.01 in.)/min.NOTE 4To prepare the metal blocks for reuse, the remaining portionsof the test specimen and adhesive may be removed from the surfaces ofthe blocks by using a surface grinder. An abra
27、sive wheel 178 mm (7 in.)in diameter and having a 12.7-mm (12-in.) face, running at 2900 r/min, hasbeen found to be satisfactory.6In order to maintain a truly plane surface,it is recommended that the metal blocks be finished on a flat emerysurface.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the bond strength of e
28、ach specimen inmegapascals (or pounds-force per square inch) by dividing theload by the area of the test specimen.5Redux is available from the Shur-Lok Bonded Structures, Ltd., 1300 E.Normandy Place, Santa Ana, CA.6Aloxite-AA-46-G6-V60, of the Carborundum Co., Niagara Falls, NY, has beenfound suitab
29、le for this purpose.TABLE 1 Precision DataMaterialsAverageStrength, MPa(psi)Coefficient of VariationnrWithinALaboratoriesnRBetweenBLaboratoriesBMCSMC12.7 (1840)14.0 (2030)7.15.47.18.8Anris the within-laboratories standard deviation of the mean, expressed as apercentage of the listed average.BnRis th
30、e between-laboratories standard deviation of the mean, expressed asa percentage of the listed average.FIG. 1 Test Assembly for Bond Strength TestD952 10210.2 Calculate the arithmetic mean of all values obtained tothree significant figures and report as the “average value.”10.3 Calculate the standard
31、 deviation (estimated) and reportto two significant figures.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested, includ-ing type or grade, nominal thickness, source, principal dimen-sions, previous history, etc.,11.1.2 The adhesive used and the condi
32、tions under which itwas applied (pressure or temperature applied, or both),11.1.3 The atmospheric conditions in the test room,11.1.4 The total load, in newtons (or pounds-force), re-quired to break each specimen,11.1.5 The average unit stress for all tests, in megapascals(or pounds-force per square
33、inch), and the standard deviation,11.1.6 Description of failure: whether progressive or sud-den, adhesive or cohesive, and11.1.7 The Test Method number and published/revisiondate.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Table 1 is based on an interlaboratory test conducted in1979 involving two materials tested by
34、 three laboratories. Eachtest result was the average of five specimens. Each laboratoryobtained four test results for each material. (Caution Withsuch limited testing, the standard deviations in Table 1 arelikely to have a high degree of error. Therefore, the usualstatistics for repeatability and re
35、producibility are not war-ranted.)NOTE 5A questionnaire circulated in May 1988 generated only oneresponse from a user of this test method as well as one nonuser, both ofwhom would vote negative on any ballot to withdraw this test method.There were 19 other responses.12.2 The data in Table 1 should n
36、ot be applied to acceptanceor rejection of material, as those data are specific to the roundrobin and may not be representative of other lots, conditions,materials, or laboratories. Users of this test method shouldapply the principles outlined in Practice E691 to generate dataspecific to their labor
37、atory and materials, or between specificlaboratories.12.3 BiasThere are no recognized standards by which toestimate bias of this test method.13. Keywords13.1 adhesive; bond strength; cohesive strength; interlami-nar; intralaminar; laminated; plasticsSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the
38、 location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D952 - 02)that may impact the use of this standard. (May 1, 2010)(1) Revised Section 7.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard
39、. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed
40、every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible te
41、chnical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoh
42、ocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D952 103
