1、Designation: D952 10D952 15Standard Test Method forBond or Cohesive Strength of Sheet Plastics and ElectricalInsulating Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D952; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis
2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bond strength or ply adhesion strength of sheet pla
3、stic and electricalinsulating materials. It is applicable to both laminated and nonlaminated thermoplastic and thermosetting materials.1.2 Test data obtained by this test method is relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the stan
4、dard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applic
5、ability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic MaterialsD4805D5
6、947 Terminology for Plastics StandardsTest Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens (Withdrawn2002)D6988 Guide for Determination of Thickness of Plastic Film Test SpecimensE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ANSI Sta
7、ndard:B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of technical terms pertaining to plastics used in this test method, see Terminology D883 orTerminology D4805.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test, when applied to laminated plastics, is a measure of the interl
8、aminar or intralaminar strength, whichever is smaller,in a direction normal to the plane of the laminate. When applied to nonlaminated plastics, the test is a measure of the cohesivestrength of the material. The property determined is fundamental and has not yet been correlated with the results of a
9、ny othermethod for bond strength.4.2 The test may be found to be is potentially useful as (1) a research test when studying the effects of changes in independentvariables, (2) a specification test, or (3) a referee test.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics a
10、nd is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2015. Published June 2010January 2016. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 20022010 asD952 02.D952 10. DOI:10.1520/D0952-10.DOI:10.1520/D0952-15.2 Fo
11、r referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25
12、 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all
13、changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100
14、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.3 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made make reference to the specification of the material beingtested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions or testing parameters or com
15、bination thereof covered in therelevantASTM materials specification shall take precedence over those in this test method. If there are no relevantASTM materialspecifications then the default conditions apply. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards thatcurrently exi
16、st.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Testing MachineAny suitable tensile testing machine capable of crosshead movement at a constant rate of 1.3 mm/min.(0.05 in/min.) and of sufficient capacity to exceed the failure load of the material being tested.5.2 Loading FixturesThe loading fixtures shall be self
17、-aligning and shall not apply eccentric loads.5.3 Metal BlocksA pair of 51-mm (2-in.) square metal blocks each having a maximum height of 51 mm (2 in.). Each blockshall be configured to permit attachment to the testing machines loading fixture (see Fig. 1).NOTE 2Blocks constructed from heat-treated
18、aluminum alloy, each having a hole in one end tapped 78 in. in accordance with ANSI B1.1, toaccommodate threaded 78-in. studs of convenient length, have been used successfully.5.4 AdhesiveAny It is acceptable to use any adhesive that is found to perform satisfactorily under this test may be usedprov
19、ided that it will not influence the specimen behavior by physical or chemical effects.NOTE 3Redux4 has been found satisfactory for use with certain thermoset materials. Cyanoacrylate cement and room-temperature-curing epoxy havebeen used successfully for both thermoplastic and thermoset materials.6.
20、 Test Specimen6.1 The test specimen shall consist of sheet material 51 mm (2 in.) square, prepared in such a manner as to produce smoothedges. The thickness of the specimen shall be the thickness of the material. Opposite surfaces should need to be as parallel aspossible to prevent eccentric loading
21、 of the material.6.1.1 Thickness of the test specimens shall be determined in accordance with Guide D6988 for materials 0.25 mm or less inthickness, and Test Methods D5947 for materials greater than 0.25 mm in thickness.6.2 At least five specimens shall be tested for each sample.6.3 For testing the
22、material specified, this test method is so designed so that failure between the adhesive and the metal shoulddoes normally not occur. If failure does occur between the adhesive and the metal blocks, or between the adhesive and thespecimen, discard the result and test another specimen.7. Conditioning
23、7.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens in at 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity for not lessthan 40 hours for test specimens 7 mm or less in thickness, and at 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity fornot less than 88 hours for test specimens greater than 7 mm
24、 in thickness in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618, unlessotherwise specified by contract or the relevantASTM material specification. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be61C(61.8F) and 65 % relative humidity. Conditioning time is specified as a minimum. Temperature and humidi
25、ty tolerances shallbe in accordance with Section 7 of Practice D618 unless specified differently by contract or material specification.7.2 Test ConditionsConduct tests at the same temperature and humidity used for conditioning with tolerances 23 6 2C(73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity in a
26、ccordance with Section 7 of Practice D618 unless otherwise specified bycontract or the relevant ASTM material specification. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61C (61.8F) and 65 %relative humidity.4 Redux is available from the Shur-Lok Bonded Structures, Ltd., 1300 E. Normandy Place,
27、 Santa Ana, CA.TABLE 1 Precision DataMaterialsAverageStrength, MPa(psi)Coefficient of Variationr WithinALaboratoriesR BetweenBLaboratoriesBMCSMC12.7 (1840)14.0 (2030)7.15.47.18.8A r is the within-laboratories standard deviation of the mean, expressed as apercentage of the listed average.B R is the b
28、etween-laboratories standard deviation of the mean, expressed as apercentage of the listed average.D952 1528. Specimen Preparation8.1 Determine the cross-sectional area of the test specimen in a plane parallel to the surface. Gently rub both sides of thespecimen with 00 emery cloth. Do not rub the s
29、pecimen on the cloth since the corners will then be abraded more than other partsof the surface. Clean the bond areas of the specimen and metal blocks with a suitable solvent which does not chemically affectthe surfaces. Do not touch the cleaned surfaces with the hands. Apply a coating of adhesive t
30、o the cleaned surfaces of the blocks.8.2 Place the specimen between the coated blocks being certain that the blocks are aligned. If pressure or temperature, or both,is (are) necessary to cure the adhesive, insert the assembly into a properly adjusted press or oven, or both. The bonding pressureshall
31、 not be greater than the pressure used in the construction of the material. The bonding temperature shall be room temperatureor at least 50C below the temperature at which the material was constructed. In any case, the bonding procedure shall not alterthe material. Permit specimens to condition in a
32、ccordance with 7.1.9. Procedure9.1 Attach the assembly to the loading fixtures and determine the tensile load required to break the specimen at a speed of 1.3mm 6 0.33 mm (0.05 6 0.01 in.)/min.NOTE 4To prepare the metal blocks for reuse, the remaining portions of the test specimen and adhesive may b
33、e removed from the surfaces of theblocks by using a surface grinder. An abrasive wheel 178 mm (7 in.) in diameter and having a 12.7-mm (12-in.) face, running at 2900 r/min, has beenfound to be satisfactory.5 In order to maintain a truly plane surface, it is recommended that the metal blocks be finis
34、hed on a flat emery surface.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the bond strength of each specimen in megapascals (or pounds-force per square inch) by dividing the load bythe area of the test specimen.10.2 Calculate the arithmetic mean of all values obtained to three significant figures and report as the
35、“average value.”10.3 Calculate the standard deviation (estimated) and report to two significant figures.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested, including type or grade, nominal thickness, source, principal dimensions,previous history, et
36、c.,11.1.2 The adhesive used and the conditions under which it was applied (pressure or temperature applied, or both),11.1.3 The atmospheric conditions in the test room,11.1.4 The total load, in newtons (or pounds-force), required to break each specimen,11.1.5 The average unit stress for all tests, i
37、n megapascals (or pounds-force per square inch), and the standard deviation,11.1.6 Description of failure: whether progressive or sudden, adhesive or cohesive, and5 Aloxite-AA-46-G6-V60, of the Carborundum Co., Niagara Falls, NY, has been found suitable for this purpose.FIG. 1 Test Assembly for Bond
38、 Strength TestD952 15311.1.7 The Test Method number and published/revision date.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Table 1 is based on an interlaboratory test conducted in 1979 involving two materials tested by three laboratories. Eachtest result was the average of five specimens. Each laboratory obtained f
39、our test results for each material. (WarningWith suchlimited testing, the standard deviations in Table 1 are likely to have a high degree of error. Therefore, the usual statistics forrepeatability and reproducibility are not warranted.Caution) With such limited testing, the standard deviations in Ta
40、ble 1 arelikely to have a high degree of error. Therefore, the usual statistics for repeatability and reproducibility are not warranted.)NOTE 5A questionnaire circulated in May 1988 generated only one response from a user of this test method as well as one nonuser, both of whomwould vote negative on
41、 any ballot to withdraw this test method. There were 19 other responses.12.2 The Do not apply the data in Table 1 should not be applied to acceptance or rejection of the material, as those data arespecific to the round robin and mayare not benecessarily representative of other lots, conditions, mate
42、rials, or laboratories. Usersof this test method should need to apply the principles outlined in Practice E691 to generate data specific to their laboratory andmaterials, or between specific laboratories.12.3 BiasThere are no recognized standards by which to estimate bias of this test method.13. Key
43、words13.1 adhesive; bond strength; cohesive strength; interlaminar; intralaminar; laminated; plasticsSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D952 - 02D952 - 10) that may impact the use of this standard. (DecemberMay 1, 201
44、0) 1, 2015)(1) Removed reference Terminology D4805the standard has been withdrawn since 2002.(2) Included Test Methods D5947 and Guide D6988 to Referenced Documents and 6.1.1.(3) Added 6.1.1.(4) Revised Section7.1 and 77.2.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent ri
45、ghts asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at an
46、y time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments wi
47、ll receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by AS
48、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); o
49、r through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.D952 154
