1、Designation: D 2337 01 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forFreeze-Thaw Stability of Multicolor Lacquers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2337; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the extentto which multicolor lacquers resist coagulation and coales-cence
3、 when subjected to freezing and subsequent thawing.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsib
4、ility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints MeasuringKrebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-T
5、ype Viscom-eter3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Specimens of multicolor lacquers are placed in a cham-ber maintained at a temperature between 23 and 26C (10and 15F) and allowed to remain 24 h. The specimens areremoved from the chamber and allowed to remain at roomtemperature for 24 h to reach thermal eq
6、uilibrium. After thespecimens are mixed and the viscosity adjusted, they are thensprayed and allowed to dry before comparing with the controlstandard sprayed from the original specimen.4. Significance and Use4.1 Waterborne coatings, when subjected to cycles of freez-ing and thawing, can undergo detr
7、imental changes in applica-tion and performance characteristics. This test method evalu-ates the ability of multicolor lacquers to resist these changes.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Cabinet, Room, or Enclosed Space, large enough tocontain the specimens to be tested and allowing at least 25 mm(1 in.)
8、 of air space between the sides of adjacent cans. It shouldbe capable of being maintained at a temperature between 23and 26C (10 and 15F).5.2 Stormer Viscometer, with paddle-type rotor.5.3 Spray Gun, pressure-feed internal-mix type, tip 0.086 in.(2 mm) in diameter with wide-spray nozzle.5.4 White Pa
9、per Stock, minimum size 200 by 280 mm (8 by11 in. ).6. Preparation of Samples6.1 For all gloss and semigloss multicolor lacquers, prepareten 1-L (1-qt) specimens and for flat multicolor lacquers four1-qt specimens for testing. Mix the sample from which thespecimens are filled well by boxing so that
10、it is of a uniformconsistency and appearance. After recording the consistencyreading as determined with a Stormer viscometer (in accor-dance with Test Method D 562 fill all samples in bakedvarnish-lined containers and apply the lids promptly to preventevaporation loss).7. Preparation of Control Stan
11、dard7.1 Prepare a control standard by spraying from one of the1-L (1-qt) specimens of each product to be tested. Use a coatedwhite paper stock and spray on a sheet at least 200 by 280 mm(8 by 11 in.) in size. Adjust the fluid and atomizing pressuresto give a spreading rate of 3.7 to 4.9 m2/L (150 to
12、 200 ft2/gal)for complete covering and 4.9 to 7.35 m2/L (200 to 300 ft2/gal)for scatter coat application.8. Exposure of Samples to Test Conditions8.1 Place nine specimens of all gloss and semigloss multi-color lacquers and three specimens of all flat multicolorlacquers under test in the chamber that
13、 is maintained between23 and 26C (10 and 15F) . Place the specimens on racksin such a manner that they do not touch the walls or bottom ofthe chamber and so that there is at least 25 mm (1 in. ) of airspace between adjacent specimens. On each cycle allow allspecimens to remain in the chamber for 24
14、h before removal.Remove from the chamber all specimens of each multicolorlacquer and let them come to thermal equilibrium by allowing1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommi
15、ttee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.Current edition approved May 15, 2005. Published June 2005. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 2337 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Serv
16、ice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.them to remain at room temperature (25C (77F
17、) for 24 h.Mix these specimens to a uniform consistency by boxing. Runa minimum of three specimens and all specimens shall pass thetest for multicolor to be acceptable.9. Examination of Samples and Spray After Test9.1 Check the consistency of all specimens on the Stormerviscometer after each test cy
18、cle and adjust if necessary byadding water to the viscosity of the original before testing.Spray three specimens after each cycle on white paper stockusing the same equipment and adjustments of the spray gunthat were used to spray the control standard.Allow the sprayedpanels to dry thoroughly (16 h)
19、 and compare with the controlstandard in each case for color, particle size, and pattern of thebackground as well as the accent colors.10. Report10.1 Report significant change in color, particle size, ortendency to show coalescence or coagulation when comparedwith the control standard. To be conside
20、red satisfactory forfreeze-thaw resistance, all gloss and semigloss multicolorlacquers shall show a satisfactory appearance after three cyclesand all flat multicolor lacquers shall show a satisfactoryappearance after one cycle.11. Precision and Bias11.1 Precision It is recognized that the seller has
21、 nocontrol over the conditions under which the purchaser willapply multicolor lacquer finishes and, therefore, meaningfulestimates of precision cannot be given.11.2 Bias No information can be presented on bias in thistest method for measuring properties listed in 10.1 since nomaterial having an acce
22、ptable reference value is available.12. Keywords12.1 freeze-thaw stability; lacquer; multicolor lacquersASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that
23、determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapprove
24、d or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel
25、 that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2337 01 (2005)2
