1、Designation: D 2349 90 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Test Method for Qualitative Determination ofNature of Solvent Composition in Solvent-Reducible Paints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the natureof solvent in solvent-
3、reducible house paints containing onlyhydrocarbon solvents.1.2 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of re
4、gulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 215 Practice for the Chemical Analysis of White LinseedOil Paints2D 233 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Turpentine3D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water43. Significance and Use3.1 This test method provides a procedure
5、 for determiningqualitatively the composition of solvent in paints containingonly hydrocarbon solvents.4. Reagents4.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee
6、 on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.5Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.4.2 Purity of WaterUnless ot
7、herwise indicated, referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Type IV of Specification D 1193.4.3 Antimony Pentachloride (SbCl5).4.4 Chloroform.4.5 Nitric Acid (sp gr 1.42)Concentrated nitric acid(HNO3).4.6 Sulfuric Acid (sp gr 1.84)Concentrated sulfuric acid(H2SO4).5.
8、 Preparation of Sample5.1 Mix and prepare the sample in accordance with PracticeD 215.6. Nature of Solvent6.1 Transfer approximately 150 g of the paint to a 500-mLflask fitted with a 2-hole cork stopper carrying a spray trapconnected with a suitable condenser. Through the other hole inthe stopper pa
9、ss an influx tube for steam. (This tube should dipbelow the surface of the paint.) Heat the flask in an oil or airbath at 100C and pass through it a current of steam; with thesteam still passing through, raise the temperature of the bath to130C. Catch the distillate in a small separatory funnel;cont
10、inue distillation until 300 mL of water have been obtained.Portions of this water may be drawn from the cock of theseparatory funnel from time to time, but care must be taken notto draw out any of the volatile solvent.6.2 Let the distillate stand until it separates into two layers,then draw off the
11、water and filter the volatile solvent through adry filter paper into a dry flask. If the solvent is apparentlyturpentine, examine the distillate in accordance with Color,Odor, Specific Gravity, Refractive Index and Distillation sec-tions of Test Methods D 233. If the solvent is a mixture ofturpentin
12、e and petroleum spirits, an approximate determinationof the amount of turpentine may be made in accordance withthe Polymerization sections of Test Methods D 233. (It shouldbe noted that turpentine is slightly soluble in water, about 0.3to 0.4 mL/100 mL of water.)6.3 To test for benzene, add a few dr
13、ops of the distillate toa small quantity of a mixture of HNO3(sp gr 1.42) and H2SO4(sp gr 1.84) and heat cautiously. The characteristic odor ofnitrobenzene will be noted if benzene is present.NOTE 1Toluene may give a similar odor.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on P
14、aintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2003. Published March 2003. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 2349 9
15、0 (1997).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.5Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the A
16、merican Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc
17、ken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.4 If the solvent is apparently all petroleum spirits, nofurther examination is necessary unless further information isdesired.6.5 When the amount of turpentine in the solvent is so smallthat its presence is questionable, it may be detected by placing2 drops of the
18、 distillate and 2 to 3 mL of chloroform in a drytest tube and adding 1 drop of SbCl5. A slow or slight changein color indicates the absence of turpentine. A rapid change incolor to a dark red or purple indicates the possibility ofturpentine. The iodine number for turpentine by the Wijsmethod under t
19、hese conditions is approximately 340. An iodinenumber of 20 or over is additional proof of the presence ofturpentine and enables calculation of the approximate amount.7. Keywords7.1 hydrocarbon solvent; solvent compositionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rig
20、hts asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any
21、 time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments wi
22、ll receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by AS
23、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2349 90 (2003)2
