1、Designation: D2462 13Standard Test Method forMoisture in Wool by Distillation With Toluene1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2462; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb
2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amountof moisture present in grease wool, scoured wool, carded wool,garnetted wool, wool t
3、op and intermediate wool products, androvings, by distillation with toluene.1.2 Equations are given for calculating the amount of waterpresent as moisture content (as-received basis) and moistureregain (dry fiber) basis. The term that corresponds to the basisused in the calculation and report must a
4、lways be stated.1.3 This test method is not applicable to material known tocontain any steam-distillable, water-soluble matter. If it issuspected that such matter is present, the method should beused with caution.1.4 Xylene or other solvents should not be substituted fortoluene as no other solvents
5、have been evaluated for use in thisstandard.NOTE 1The determination of moisture in wool by oven-drying iscovered in Test Method D1576 and for textile materials in general in TestMethods D2654. A method for sampling wool for the determination ofmoisture in wool is covered in Practice D2525.1.5 This s
6、tandard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safetyhazar
7、d statements, see Section 8.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1060 Practice for Core Sampling of Raw Wool in Packagesfor Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool FiberPresentD1576 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Oven-DryingD1776 Practice for Condit
8、ioning and Testing TextilesD2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for TestingD2525 Practice for Sampling Wool for MoistureD2654 Test Method for Moisture in Textiles (Withdrawn1998)3D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,Sliver, or Tow for TestingD4845 Terminology Relating to WoolE123 Speci
9、fication forApparatus for Determination of Waterby Distillation3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to D13.13, Wool and Felt,see Terminology D4845.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:grease wool, moisture content, moisture-free, moisture regain,oven-dried, pulled wool, r
10、aw wool, recycled wool, as definedin the Wool Products Labeling Act as amended in 1980,scoured wool, virgin wool, wool, wool, as defined in the WoodProducts Labeling Act of 1939.3.2 For definitions of all other textile terms see TerminologyD123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Asample or specimen of woo
11、l or material made of woolis weighed, then stabilized in the laboratory atmosphere inwhich the specimen is prepared, and reweighed. Any resultingchange in mass is used to calculate the original moisturecontent of the sample or specimen from the results observed onthe stabilized specimen.4.2 The spec
12、imen is immersed in water-saturated toluenewhich is then heated, the distilled water vapor and solventvapor are condensed and collected in a graduated trap, whereinthe water separates and settles to the bottom. After cooling ina water bath to achieve a specified temperature, the volume ofwater colle
13、cted in the trap is read from the graduated trap andconverted to its equivalent weight.4.3 Results are calculated as percent moisture content orpercent moisture regain using the appropriate equation.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct respon
14、sibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originallyapproved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D2462 90 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D2462-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact A
15、STM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Bo
16、x C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Significance and Use5.1 Test Method D2462 for testing for moisture in wool isconsidered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercialshipments since current estimates of between-laboratory pre-cision are acceptable.5.1.1 In case of a dis
17、pute arising from differences inreported test results when using Test Method D2462 foracceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser andthe supplier should conduct comparative testing to determine ifthere is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competentstatistical assistance is
18、 recommended for the investigation ofthe bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group oftest specimens that are as homogenous as possible and that arefrom a lot of the type material in question. The test specimensshould be assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory fortesting. The avera
19、ge results from the two laboratories should becompared using Students t-Test for unpaired data and anacceptance probability level chosen by the two parties beforethe test is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must befound and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier mustagree to interpre
20、t future test results in light of the known bias.5.2 This test method is the preferred method for all suitablesamples of wool where it is important to obtain a result freefrom the possible biases, introduced by the conditions dis-cussed in 5.3 and 5.4.5.3 This test method is free from the interferen
21、ces caused bydifferent conditions of ambient atmosphere such as might affectthe results of oven-drying.Aslight amount of residual moisturemay be retained in a specimen subjected to oven-dryingbecause of the relative humidity of the ambient air; however,the amount of moisture retained may be estimate
22、d frompublished data.45.4 This test method is free from the interference caused bynonaqueous volatile material. Such material, when present, iserroneously measured as moisture by oven-drying methods, theextent of the error depending upon the amount and character-istics of any added oils or finishes.
23、5.5 This test method is relatively cumbersome, timeconsuming, and costly compared to oven-drying, and is notrecommended for routine process control, in-plant evaluations,or for other purposes where a high degree of accuracy is notnecessary. The cost of operation can be reduced somewhat byredistillin
24、g the used toluene, which is then suitable for reusewithout further treatment.5.6 Unlike an oven-drying method, any moisture gained orlost by a specimen after its mass has been determined willappear as a direct error in the final result. Since one of theprincipal uses of the method is to determine t
25、he averagemoisture present in large lots of wool or wool products exposedto variable atmospheric conditions, numerous laboratorysamples and test specimens are common. To avoid errors of thetype mentioned above, this procedure includes provisions forstabilizing the sample(s) in the laboratory atmosph
26、ere so that,during the time necessary for selecting, weighing, and trans-ferring the specimens to flasks, gain or loss of moisture whichcannot be accounted for will be minimized. A further advan-tage of the stabilizing process is realized in cases where theinterest is solely in the average moisture
27、content of the sample,and the actual moisture content within the sample is highlyvariable. By stabilizing the sample before selecting thespecimens, equal precision can be achieved with fewer speci-mens.6. Apparatus6.1 Flask, Erlenmeyer, wide-mouth, 1000 cm3(mL) capac-ity (takes a No. 11 stopper).56.
28、2 Distilling Receiver, Dean moisture contentASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and
29、 the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revisio
30、n of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you sho
31、uldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D2462 135
