1、Designation:D258313D258313a Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor 1 This standard is issued under the xed designation D2583; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense. 1. Scope* 1.1 This test method c
3、overs the determination of indentation hardness of both reinforced and nonreinforced rigid plastics using a Barcol Impressor, Model No. 934-1 and Model No. 935. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standa
4、rd does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. NOTE 1There is no known ISO e
5、quivalent to this test method. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing D883Terminology Relating to Plastics D4000Classication System for Specifying Plastic Materials E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precisi
6、on of a Test Method 3. Terminology 3.1 DenitionsFor denitions of technical terms pertaining to plastics used in this test method, see Terminology D883. 4. Summary of Test Method 4.1 Amaterials surface hardness is determined through the use of a Barcol Impressor. The relative depth of penetration of
7、the Impressorsindentorprovidesacomparativemeasureofthematerialshardness.TheModelNo.934-1andModelNo.935Barcol Impressors are designated for use with plastics. Within the range of hardness measured by these Impressors the Model No. 934-1 is used for measuring harder materials and the Model No. 935 is
8、used for measuring softer materials. 5. Signicance and Use 5.1 The Barcol Impressor is portable and therefore suitable for testing the hardness of fabricated parts and individual test specimens for production control purposes. 5.2 Before proceeding with this test method, reference shall be made to t
9、he specication of the material being tested. Table 1 of Classication System D4000 lists the ASTM material standards that currently exist. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters or combination thereof covered in the relevantASTM material specication shall take
10、precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevantASTM material specications, then the default conditions apply. 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
11、 Current edition approved March 15, 2013Sept. 1, 2013. Published March 2013September 2013. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as D2583-07.D2583-13. DOI: 10.1520/D2583-13.10.1520/D2583-13A. 2 ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactAST
12、MCustomerServiceatserviceastm.org.For Annual Book ofASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website. This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to th
13、e previous version. Because it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document. *ASummar
14、y of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States 16. Apparatus (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) 6.1 Indentor 3 The indentor shall consist of a hardened steel truncated cone having an angle of
15、26 with a at tip of 0.157 mm (0.0062 in.) in diameter. It shall t into a hollow spindle and be held down by a spring-loaded plunger. See Fig. 2. 6.2 Indicating DeviceThe indicating dial shall have 100 divisions, each representing a depth of 0.0076-mm (0.0003-in.) penetration. The higher the reading
16、is, the harder the material is. 6.3 Calibration StandardsHard and soft aluminum alloy disks supplied by the manufacturer of the instrument. Other disks should not be used, even if they are of the same alloy and temper as the manufacturers disks, as the hardness of aluminum varies within any given al
17、loy-temper parameter. 6.4 A smooth glass plate is also needed. 7. Test Specimens 7.1 The testing area shall be smooth and free from mechanical defects. 7.2 DimensionsTest specimens shall be at least 1.5 mm ( 1 16 in.) thick and large enough to ensure a minimum distance of 3 mm ( 1 8 in.) in any dire
18、ction from the indentor point to the edge of the specimen, as well as from test point to test point. 8. Preparation and Operation ofApparatus 8.1 The preparation and operation of Models 934-1 and 935 are identical. Place the Impressor and the material to be tested (or the calibration disk) on a soli
19、dly supported, at, hard, rm surface such as stone, metal, or ceramic. If softer supporting surfaces are used, a false low instrument reading may occur. 8.2 Set the point sleeve on the surface to be tested. Set the legs on the same surface or on solid material of the same thickness, so that the inden
20、tor is perpendicular to the surface being tested. Grasp the instrument rmly between the legs and point sleeve. Apply a uniform downward force quickly, by hand, increasing the force on the case until the dial indication reaches a maximum (Note3).Takecaretoavoidslidingorscrapingwhiletheindentorisincon
21、tactwiththesurfacebeingtested.Recordthemaximum reading. NOTE 2It is recommended that measurements be made with the Model 934-1 Impressor when values above 90 are obtained with the Model 935 Impressor and that measurements be made with the Model 935 Impressor when values less than 20 are obtained wit
22、h the Model No. 934-1 Impressor. Values below 10 using the Model 935 Impressor are inexact and should not be reported. NOTE 3Drift in readings from the maximum occurs in some materials and can be nonlinear with time. 9. Calibration 9.1 With the plunger upper guide backed out until it just engages th
23、e spring, place the Impressor on a glass surface and press down until the point is forced all the way back into the lower plunger guide. The indicator should now read 100. If it does not, loosen the lock-nut and turn the lower plunger guide in or out to obtain a 100 reading. Next, read the hard alum
24、inum alloy disk 3 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Eurotherm/Barber-Colman, 741F Miller Drive, Leesburg, VA 201758993. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will re
25、ceive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, 1 which you may attend. FIG. 1 Barcol Impressor D258313a 2supplied by the manufacturer of the Impressor and, if necessary, adjust so that the reading is within the range marked on the disk. Then do the same with the sof
26、t disk. If these readings cannot be obtained, subsequent measurements are not valid. 10. Conditioning 10.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens at 236 2C (73.46 3.6F) and 506 10 % relative humidity for at least 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618, unless otherwise
27、specied by the contract or relevant ASTM material specication. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be61C (61.8F) and6 565 % relative humidity. 10.2 Test ConditionsConducttestsinthestandardlaboratoryatmosphereof2362C(73.463.6F)and50610%relative humidity, unless otherwise specied by the con
28、tract or relevant ASTM material specication. In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be61C (61.8F) and6 565 % relative humidity. 11. Procedure 11.1 Observing the precautions of Section 8, make measurements on the specimens to be tested (Note 4). Indentations should not be made within 3 mm ( 1
29、 8 in.) of the edge of the specimen or of other indentations. NOTE 4Curved surfaces are more difficult to support. When the load is applied, bending and spring action in the specimen should be avoided. 12. Number of Readings 12.1 Make a minimum of 10ten determinations of hardness at different positi
30、ons on the specimen, spaced according to the guidelines dened in 11.1. NOTE 5Application of the Barcol Impressor to reinforced plastic (non-homogeneous) materials will produce greater variation in hardness readings than on non-reinforced (homogeneous) materials. This greater variation is mainly caus
31、ed by the difference in hardness between resin and ller materials incontactwiththesmalldiameterindentor.Inaddition,itshouldbenotedthatthisvariabilitymayresultintheneedtotakeadditionalreadingstosatisfy the users condence in the results from a statistical standpoint (such as assuring a low coefficient
32、 of variation (COV) percentage). 13. Report 13.1 Report the following information: 13.1.1 Identication of material tested, 13.1.2 Conditioning of specimen, 13.1.3 Model number of Impressor, 13.1.4 Number of readings taken, 13.1.5 Average of hardness values rounded to the nearest whole scale reading,
33、 13.1.6 Date of test, and 13.1.7 Test method number and published/revision date. 14. Precision and Bias 4 14.1 No precision statement using Model 935 can be offered at this time. 4 Supporting data have been led at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D
34、20-1087. FIG. 2 Diagram of Barcol Impressor D258313a 314.2 Table 1 is based on a round robin conducted in 1981, in accordance with Practice E691, involving ve materials tested by ninelaboratoriesusingModelNo.934-1.Foreachmaterial,allthesampleswerepreparedatonesource.Eachlaboratoryobtained three test
35、 results for each material. For the materials shown, the indicated number of individual determinations were averaged to calculate each test result as follows: Material No. of Determinations using Model No. 934-1 SAN 8 BMC 22 SAN reinforced with 20% glass 22 Polyester Mat Laminate (thermoset) 16 SMC
36、(sheet molding compound) 16 (WarningThefollowingexplanationsofI r andI R (14.314.3.3)areonlyintendedtopresentameaningfulwayofconsidering the approximate precision of this test method. The data in Table 1 should not be rigorously applied to acceptance or rejection of material, as those data are speci
37、c to the round robin and may not be representative of other lots, materials, or laboratories. Users ofthistestmethodshouldapplytheprinciplesoutlinedinPracticeE691togeneratedataspecictotheirlaboratoryandmaterials, or between specic laboratories. The principles of 14.3 14.3.3 would then be valid for s
38、uch data.) 14.3 ConceptofI r andI R IfS r andS R werecalculatedfromalargeenoughbodyofdata,andfortestresultsthatwereaverages from the numbers of determinations stated in 14.2: 14.3.1 Repeatability, I r (Comparing two test results for the same material, obtained by the same operator using the same Bar
39、col Impressoronthesameday)Thesamplesrepresentedbythetwotestresultsshouldberegardedasnothavingequivalenthardness if the test results differed by more than the I r value for that material and condition. 14.3.2 Reproducibility, I R (Comparing two test results for the same material, obtained by differen
40、t operators using different BarcolImpressorsondifferentdays)Thesamplesrepresentedbythetwotestresultsshouldberegardedasnothavingequivalent hardness if the test results differed by more than the I R value for that material and condition. 14.3.3 Anyjudgmentinaccordancewith14.3.1and14.3.2wouldhaveanappr
41、oximate95%(0.95)probabilityofbeingcorrect. 14.4 BiasThere are no recognized standards on which to base an estimate of bias for this test method. 15. Keywords 15.1 Barcol Hardness Impressor; Models 934-1 and 935; hardness; indentation hardness; rigid plastics SUMMARY OF CHANGES CommitteeD20hasidentie
42、dthelocationofselectedchangestothisstandardsincethelastissue(D2583-13) that may impact the use of this standard. (September 1, 2013) (1)Revised Note 5 regarding expected variation between homogeneous and non-homogeneous materials. SUMMARY OF CHANGES CommitteeD20hasidentiedthelocationofselectedchange
43、stothisstandardsincethelastissue(D2583-07) that may impact the use of this standard. (March 15, 2013) (1)Revised 10.1 and 10.2 to reect current tolerances for standard temperature and relative humidity conditions for laboratory atmospheres according to Practice D618 (Procedure A). TABLE 1 Precision
44、Data for Model No. 934-1 Material Values in Units of Barcol Hardness Average S r A S R B I r C I R D SAN 35 1.04 2.93 3 8 BMC 39 0.95 3.75 3 11 Reinforced SAN 44 1.11 2.25 3 6 Polyester laminate 55 1.45 1.93 4 5 SMC 61 1.14 2.15 3 6 A S r =within-laboratory standard deviation of the average. B S R =
45、between-laboratories standard deviation of the average. C II r =2.83 S r . D II R =2.83S R . D258313a 4(2)Revised 12.1 and Note 5 on the Number of Readings to reect a simplied minimum of 10 measurement. (3)Deleted old Table 1. (4)Renumbered Table 2 and corrected the reference in 14.2. ASTM Internati
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47、eir own responsibility. Thisstandardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteeandmustbereviewedeveryveyearsand ifnotrevised,eitherreapprovedorwithdrawn.Yourcommentsareinvitedeitherforrevisionofthisstandardorforadditionalstandards and should be addressed toASTM International Headq
48、uarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below. This st
49、andard is copyrighted byASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 019
