1、Designation: D2598 16Standard Practice forCalculation of Certain Physical Properties of LiquefiedPetroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers, by compositional analysis, theapproximate determination of th
3、e following physical charac-teristics of commercial propane, special-duty propane, com-mercial propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane (cov-ered by Specification D1835): vapor pressure, relative density,and motor octane number (MON).1.1.1 This practice is not applicable to any product exceed-
4、ing specifications for nonvolatile residues. (See Test MethodD2158.)1.1.2 For calculating motor octane number, this practice isapplicable only to mixtures containing 20 % or less of propene.1.1.3 For calculated motor octane number, this practice isbased on mixtures containing only components shown i
5、n Table1.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.2.1 Exceptions:1.2.1.1 Non-SI units in parentheses are given for informa-tion only.1.2.1.2 Motor octane number and relative density are givenin MON numbers and dimensionless units, respectively.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
6、 Standards:2D1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of LiquefiedPetroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of LightHydrocarbons by Pressure HydrometerD1835 Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) GasesD2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petrole
7、um(LP) GasesD2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons inLiquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/PropeneMixtures by Gas ChromatographyD2421 Practice for Interconversion of Analysis of C5andLighter Hydrocarbons to Gas-Volume, Liquid-Volume, orMass Basis2.2 Australian Liquefied Petroleum G
8、as Association Publi-cation:3Liquefied Petroleum Gas for Automotive Use Specification2.3 Gas Processors Suppliers Association:4GPSA Engineering Data Book, 12th Edition, 20043. Summary of Practice3.1 The composition of a sample of LP-gas is obtained byusing Test Method D2163 or other acceptable metho
9、d. Fromthe analysis (expressed in liquid volume percent), the vaporpressure, relative density, and motor octane number of thesample may be determined.3.2 Conversion of a compositional analysis from mole, gasvolume, or weight basis to liquid volume is obtained by usingPractice D2421 or other suitable
10、 method.4. Significance and Use4.1 Vapor pressure is an important specification property ofcommercial propane, special duty propane, propane/butanemixtures, and commercial butane that assures adequatevaporization, safety, and compatibility with commercial appli-ances. Relative density, while not a s
11、pecification criterion, isnecessary for determination of filling densities and custodytransfer. The motor octane number (MON) is useful in deter-mining the products suitability as a fuel for internal combus-tion engines.5. Calculation5.1 Calculated LP-Gas Vapor Pressure (see Test MethodD1267):1This
12、practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edi
13、tion approved in 2012 as D2598 12. DOI:10.1520/D2598-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Avai
14、lable from Australian Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association Limited, ABN11002703951, 30 George Street, Redfern NSW 2016, http:/.au/site/4Available from Gas Processors SuppliersAssociation (GPSA), 6526 E. 60th St.,Tulsa, OK 74145, http:/www.gpsa.gpaglobal.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at th
15、e end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.1 Calculate the partial gauge vapor pressure due to eachcomponent in the mixture as follows:Partial gauge vapor pressure 5 vp 3 C!/100 (1)where:vp = vapor press
16、ure factor of specific component at 37.8 C(100 F) (see Table 1), andC = liquid volume percent of component in the mixture.5.1.2 Add the partial gauge vapor pressures due to allcomponents, rounding to the nearest 7 kPa (1 psi). The total isreported as the LP-gas vapor pressure of the sample, kPa gaug
17、eat 37.8 C (100 F).5.2 Calculated Relative Density (see Test Method D1657):5.2.1 Calculate the relative mass of each component in themixture as follows:Relative mass of component 5 sg 3 C!/100 (2)where:sg = relative density of the pure component at 15.6 C(60 F) (see Table 1), andC = liquid volume pe
18、rcent of component in the mixture.5.2.2 Add the relative mass of all components, rounding thetotal to three decimal places. The total is reported as therelative density of the mixture.5.3 Calculated Motor Octane Number (see ASTM DataSeries DS 4B.5).5.3.1 Using only the components and values in Table
19、 1,calculate the partial motor octane number of each componentin the mixture to the nearest 0.1 MON as follows:Partial motor octane number of component 5 m 3 C!/100 (3)where:m = motor octane number of component (see Table 1), andC = liquid volume percent of component in mixture.5.3.2 Add the partial
20、 motor octane numbers of all compo-nents determined in 5.3.1 and round the total to the nearestone-half number. The total is reported as the calculated motoroctane number of the mixture.6. Keywords6.1 butane; calculated physical properties; liquefied petro-leum gases; motor octane number; propane; r
21、elative density;vapor pressure5DS 4B, Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-HydrocarbonCompounds, ASTM International, W. Conshohocken, PA, 1987.TABLE 1 Factors for Determining the Physical Characteristics of LP-GasesAComponentVapor Pressure BlendFactor, kPa-gauge(PSIG) at 37.8 C (100 F)Relative
22、Density at15.6 C 15.6 C(60 F 60 F)MON Blend ValueMethane 17547 (2545) 0.3 . . .Ethane 4213 (611) 0.3563 100.7Ethene (Ethylene) 8720 (1265) 0.37 75.6Propane 1200 (174) 0.5072 97.1Propene (Propylene) 1466 (213) 0.5226 84.9Methylpropane (Isobutane) 400 (58) 0.5629 97.6n-Butane 255 (37) 0.5842 89.6t-2-B
23、utene 242 (35) 0.6099 1-Butene 328 (48) 0.6004 80.82-Methylpropene (Isobutylene) 340 (49) 0.6004 c-2-Butene 216 (31) 0.6275 83.52,2-Dimethylpropane (Neopentane) 152 (22) 0.5961 80.2Cyclopentane -33 (-4.7) 0.7503 84.92-Methylbutane (Isopentane) 40 (5.8) 0.6251 90.3n-Pentane 6.4 (0.9) 0.6307 62.6n-Hex
24、ane -67 (-9.7) 0.6641 26.0ASome constants for vapor pressure and motor octanes are empirical values to be used only in the calculation procedures described in this practice. References arelocated in Appendix X1.D2598 162APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SOURCES OF PHYSICAL CONSTANT DATAX1.1 See
25、Table X1.1.SUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D02.H0 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D2598 12) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Oct. 1, 2016.)(1) Updated heading for relative density in Table 1.ASTM International takes no position
26、respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.Th
27、is standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Int
28、ernational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown
29、 below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9
30、555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ X1.1 Sources of Physical Constant DataComponent Va
31、por Pressure Blend FactorARelative Mass MON Blend ValueMethaneBCEthaneBDBEthene (Ethylene)EFEPropaneDDCPropene (Propylene)Methylpropane (Isobutane)n-Butanet-2-ButeneDD1-Butene2-Methylpropene (Isobutylene) c-2-ButeneDDC2,2-Dimethylpropane (Neopentane)Cyclopentane2-Methylbutane (Isopentane)n-Pentanen-
32、HexaneAVapor pressure values were converted from atmospheric to gauge by the following equations: PSIG = PSIA 14.7; kPa(G) = kPa(A)-101.BEmpirical values for use in D2598 calculations.CGPSA Engineering Data Book, 12th Edition, 2004.DTRC (formerly the Thermodynamic Research Center), NIST, Boulder, CO
33、, 2012.EAustralian Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association Publication, Liquefied Petroleum Gas for Automotive Use Specification.FThe relative density of ethylene is estimated, and consistent with the historical value in Practice D2421-95. Later revisions of Practice D2421 used a theoretical, calculatedvalue from GPA 2145-00. Uncertainties in the equations of state used in the calculation for ethylene at typical pressures and temperatures of LPG caused GPA to laterretract that value.D2598 163
