1、Designation: D 2643 08Standard Specification forPrefabricated Bituminous Geomembrane Used as Canal andDitch Liner (Exposed Type)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers prefabricated bituminousgeomembranes intended to provide a continuous, exp
3、osedlining for canals and ditches.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user
4、 of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatur
5、eD 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for TestingD 4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD 4798 Practice for Accelerated Weathering Test Condi-tions and Procedures for Bituminous Materials (Xenon-Arc Method)D 4833 Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance ofGeomembranes and Related ProductsD 51
6、47 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing ModifiedBituminous Sheet MaterialD 5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thicknessof GeosyntheticsD 5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area ofGeotextilesD 5884 Test Method for Determining Tearing Strength ofInternally Reinforced GeomembranesD 6
7、455 Guide for the Selection of Test Methods for Prefab-ricated Bituminous Geomembranes (PBGM)D 7275 Test Method for Tensile Properties of BituminousGeomembranes (BGM)E 96/E 96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions For definitions of terms related to geos
8、yn-thetics, refer to Terminology D 4439.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 prefabricated bituminous geomembrane, na mate-rial fabricated in a plant and consisting principally of ageotextile saturated and coated with an oxidized or an elasto-meric modified bitumen blend incorporating a filler.3.2.2 mineral stabil
9、izer, na fine, water-insoluble inor-ganic material, used as a filler material in the bitumen of aprefabricated bituminous geomembrane.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 selvage, nthe edge portion of a prefabricatedbituminous geomembrane that is parallel to the machinedirection.
10、4. Classifications4.1 Prefabricated bituminous geomembranes covered bythis specification shall be classified as Type I, Type II, and TypeIII. Distinction between those types is related to the require-ments found in Table 1.4.2 Prefabricated bituminous geomembranes covered bythis specification, regar
11、dless of their type indicated in section4.1, shall also be classified using the following grades, essen-tially governed by their minimal installation temperature:4.2.1 Grade 1For installation at ambient temperatures of5 C (40 F) and above.4.2.2 Grade 2 For installation at ambient temperatures of-25
12、C (-13 F) and above.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The prefabricated bituminous geomembranes shall con-sist of a geotextile, impregnated and coated with bitumen. Theyshall be packaged in the form of rolls.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the
13、 direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomem-branes.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 2643 04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer
14、Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 The bitumen shall consist of oxidize
15、d or elastomericmodified asphalt incorporating a mineral stabilizer.5.3 Both faces of the prefabricated bituminous geomem-branes shall be covered with a material that will prevent therolls from sticking together during storage and shipment.6. Physical Properties and Requirements6.1 The prefabricated
16、 bituminous geomembranes shall con-form to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. Testing shall beaccomplished in accordance with the test methods indicated inthe table.NOTE 1Although prefabricated bituminous geomembranes are manu-factured in a plant, they have no factory seams. Consequently, facto
17、ryseam testing is not applicable to prefabricated bituminous geomembranes.6.2 Low Temperature Flexibility The prefabricated bitu-minous geomembranes shall pass the low temperature flexibil-ity test, when measured according to Test Method D 5147,section 11. Testing shall be accomplished in both machi
18、ne andcross-machine directions:6.2.1 At 5 C (40 F) for Grade 1.6.2.2 At -25 C (-13 F) for Grade 2.6.3 Low Temperature Flexibility After AcceleratedWeatheringThe low temperature flexibility test described in6.2 shall also be accomplished, in both machine and cross-machine directions, after an exposur
19、e of 2000 hours as per testmethod D 4798, cycleA. Test specimens shall be cut to the sizeprescribed in Test Method D 5147 prior to exposure: 25 6 2mm (1.00 6 0.05 in.) wide by 150 6 2 mm (6.00 6 0.05 in.)long. If two or more specimens are mounted on a singlespecimen holder of the Xenon-Arc weatherin
20、g chamber, alltested specimens shall have their full width and at least 100mm (5 in.) in length exposed. The prefabricated bituminousgeomembranes shall pass the low temperature flexibility testafter accelerated weathering:6.3.1 At 15 C (59 F) for Grade 1.6.3.2 At -15 C (5 F) for Grade 2.6.4 For a co
21、mplete list of test methods applicable toprefabricated bituminous geomembranes, refer to GuideD 6455.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 Both faces of the prefabricated bituminous geomem-branes shall be uniform in finish. The bitumen shall be uniformover the entire area and up to the edges of
22、the sheet. Thematerial or treatment to prevent sticking shall be applieduniformly, except for the selvage area.7.2 There shall be no voids in the bitumen or unsaturatedspots in the geotextile.7.3 The prefabricated bituminous geomembranes shall befree of visible defects such as holes, ragged or untru
23、e edges,breaks, cracks, protuberances, and indentations.8. Sampling and Test Methods8.1 For conformance evaluation, sampling shall be con-ducted according to D 4354.9. Packaging and Package Marking9.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the supplier andpurchaser, each roll shall be covered with a w
24、rapping materialfor protection from damage due to shipment, water, sunlight, orcontaminants while being stored or handled.9.2 Each roll shall also include at least one label identifyingthe manufacturer, style and/or commercial designation, uniqueroll identification (such as roll number), length and
25、width of theroll, as well as a statement regarding conformance to theappropriate type and grade of this standard specification.10. Keywords10.1 bitumen; canals; ditches; exposed lining; geomem-brane; geotextile; prefabricated bituminous geomembrane;PBGMTABLE 1 Requirements for Bituminous Geomembrane
26、s Used as Exposed Lining for Canals and DitchesProperty Standard Type I Type II Type IIIThickness, min D 5199 3.3 mm(0.130 in.)3.8 mm(0.150 in.)4.5 mm(0.175 in.)Mass per Unit Area, min D 5261 3.5 kg/m2(0.72 lb/ft2)4.0 kg/m2(0.82 lb/ft2)5.0 kg/m2(1.02 lb/ft2)Tensile Strength at break,machine and cros
27、s-machine directions, minD 7275 8 kN/m(45.7 lbf/in.)12 kN/m(68.5 lbf/in.)16 kN/m(91.4 lbf/in.)Elongation at break,machine and cross-machine directions, minD 7275 50 % 50 % 50 %Tear Strength,machine and cross-machine directions, minD 5884 500 N(112 lbf)550 N(124 lbf)600 N(135 lbf)Index Puncture Resis
28、tance, min D 4833 350 N(79 lbf)450 N(101 lbf)550 N(124 lbf)Low Temperature Flexibility before weathering,machine and cross-machine directionsD 5147 Section 11 Grade 1 must pass 5 C (40 F)Grade 2 must pass 25 C (13 F)Low Temperature Flexibility after weathering,machine and cross-machine directionsD 5
29、147 Section 11 Grade 1 must pass 15 C (59 F)Grade 2 must pass 15 C (5F)Dimensional Stability,machine and cross-machine directions, maxD 1204 0.5 %Water Vapor Permeance E 96/E96M, Method B 5.7 ng/Pasm22(0.1 perm)D2643082ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights
30、 asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any ti
31、me by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will
32、receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM
33、International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D2643083
