1、Designation: D 2786 91 (Reapproved 2006)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forHydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractionsby High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2786; the number immediately following the designatio
2、n indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method2covers the determi
3、nation by highionizing voltage mass spectrometry of seven saturated hydro-carbon types and one aromatic type in saturate petroleumfractions having average carbon numbers 16 through 32. Thesaturate types include alkanes (0-rings), single-ring naph-thenes, and five fused naphthene types with 2, 3, 4,
4、5, and 6rings. The nonsaturate type is monoaromatic. Noncondensednaphthenes are analyzed as single rings. Samples must benonolefinic and must contain less than 5 volume % monoaro-matic. Composition data are in volume percent.1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to beregarded as the stand
5、ard. The values given in parentheses areprovided for information purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and dete
6、rmine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 2549 Test Method for Separation of Representative Aro-matics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oilsby Elution ChromatographyD 3239 Test Method for Aromatic Types Analysis of Gas-Oil
7、Aromatic Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage MassSpectrometryE 137 Practice for Evaluation of Mass Spectrometers forQuantitative Analysis from a Batch Inlet43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 Characteristic Mass Groupings:3.1.1.1( 71 5 71 1 85 1 99 1 113 alkanes!.
8、(1)3.1.1.2( 69 5 69 1 83 1 97 1 111 1 125 1 139 12ring!. (2)3.1.1.3( 109 5 109 1 123 1 137 1 151 1 165 1 179 1 193 22ring!.(3)3.1.1.4( 149 5 149 1 163 1 177 1 191 1 205 1 219 1 233 1 247 32ring!.(4)3.1.1.5( 189 5 189 1 203 1 217 1 231 1 245 1 259 1 273 1 2871 301 42ring!. (5)3.1.1.6( 229 5 229 1 243
9、 1 257 1 271 1 285 1 299 1 313 1 327 1 3411 355 52ring!. (6)3.1.1.7( 269 5 269 1 283 1 297 1 311 1 325 1 339 1 353 1 367 1 3811 395 1 409 62ring!. (7)3.1.1.8( 91 5 91 1 105 1 117 1 119 1 129 1 131 1 133 1 143 1 1451 147 1 157 1 159 1 171 monoaromatic!. (8)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The relative ab
10、undance of alkanes (0-ring), 1-ring,2-ring, 3-ring, 4-ring, 5-ring, and 6-ring naphthenes in petro-leum saturate fractions is determined by mass spectrometryusing a summation of mass fragment groups most characteris-tic of each molecular type. Calculations are carried out by the1This test method is
11、under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 2786 91 (
12、2001)e1.2Hood, A., and ONeal, M. J., Advances in Mass Spectrometry, AMSPA,Waldron, 1959, p. 175.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docume
13、nt Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.use of inverted matrices (derived from ion intensity calibrationsensitivities) that are specific for any average carbon number.The saturate
14、 fraction is obtained by liquid elution chromatog-raphy, see Test Method D 2549.5. Significance and Use5.1 Aknowledge of the hydrocarbon composition of processstreams and petroleum products boiling within the range of 205to 540C (400 to 1000F) is useful in following the effect ofchanges in process v
15、ariables, diagnosing the source of plantupsets and in evaluating the effect of changes in compositionon product performance properties.5.2 This test method, when used together with Test MethodD 3239, provides a detailed analysis of the hydrocarboncomposition of such materials.6. Apparatus6.1 Mass Sp
16、ectrometerThe suitability of the mass spec-trometer to be used with this method shall be proven byperformance tests described both herein and in Practice E 137.6.2 Sample Inlet SystemAny inlet system may be usedthat permits the introduction of the sample without loss,contamination, or change in comp
17、osition. The system mustfunction in the range from 125 to 350C to provide anappropriate sampling device.6.3 Microburet or Constant-Volume Pipet.7. Reagents7.1 n-Hexadecane.(WarningCombustible. Vapor harm-ful.)8. Calibration8.1 Calibration matrix inverses are attached in Table 1which may be used dire
18、ctly provided the following proceduresare followed.TABLE 1 Calibration Matrix Inverses(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91C16Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5344 0.0292 0.0066 0.0215 0.0299 . . 0.01511 Ring 0.0610 0.3403 0.2146 0.1162 0.0362 . . 0.01122 Ring 0.0039 0.0170 0.8491 0.6968 0.3420 . . 0.0
19、0483 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 + 0.0115 1.7220 1.3545 . . 0.01524 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0039 0.0138 3.2594 . . 0.0485MA 0.0007 0.0029 0.0237 0.1566 0.3494 . . 0.3521Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6543 0.0358 0.0081 0.0264 0.0366 . . 0.01851 Ring 0.0866 0.3416 0.2143 0.1171 0.0377 . . 0.01012 Ring 0.0053 0.0172 0.8492 0
20、.6968 0.3420 . . 0.00463 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0115 1.7220 1.3545 . . 0.01524 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0039 0.0138 3.2594 . . 0.0485MA 0.0001 0.0029 0.0237 0.1565 0.3493 . . 0.3521C17Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5243 0.0311 0.0075 0.0227 0.0322 . . 0.01631 Ring 0.0660 0.3403 0.2130 0.1164 0.0385 . . 0.01212
21、Ring 0.0038 0.0154 0.8375 0.6826 0.3318 . . 0.00523 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0095 1.6824 1.3111 . . 0.01664 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0039 0.0147 3.1247 . . 0.0527MA 0.0007 0.0027 0.0220 0.1514 0.3331 . . 0.3612Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6435 0.0382 0.0092 0.0279 0.0395 . . 0.02001 Ring 0.0942 0.3418 0.2125 0.1176 0
22、.0403 . . 0.01122 Ring 0.0054 0.0155 0.8375 0.6826 0.3319 . . 0.00523 Ring 0.0000 0.0002 0.0090 1.6825 1.3111 . . 0.01664 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0040 0.0147 3.1247 . . 0.0527MA 0.0000 0.0027 0.0220 0.1514 0.3331 . . 0.3612C18Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5175 0.0338 0.0085 0.0234 0.0344 . . 0.01781 Ring 0.
23、0720 0.3404 0.2091 0.1183 0.0404 . . 0.01362 Ring 0.0039 0.0138 0.8183 0.6626 0.3213 . . 0.00573 Ring 0.0000 0.0003 0.0062 1.6426 1.2784 . . 0.01794 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0040 0.0158 3.0158 . . 0.0567MA 0.0007 0.0025 0.0206 0.1445 0.3010 . . 0.3677Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6335 0.0414 0.0103 0.0286 0.0422 .
24、 . 0.02151 Ring 0.1016 0.3424 0.2086 0.1197 0.0424 . . 0.01262 Ring 0.0054 0.0140 0.8184 0.6626 0.3214 . . 0.00563 Ring 0.0000 0.0003 0.0062 1.6426 1.2784 . . 0.0179D 2786 91 (2006)2TABLE 1 Continued(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (914 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0040 0.0158 3.0158 . . 0.0566MA 0.00
25、02 0.0025 0.0206 0.1445 0.3200 . . 0.3677C19Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5109 0.0363 0.0094 0.0202 0.0404 . . 0.01901 Ring 0.0773 0.3396 0.2080 0.1161 0.0413 . . 0.01542 Ring 0.0038 0.0118 0.8076 0.6491 0.3184 . . 0.00613 Ring 0.0000 0.0003 0.0032 1.6068 1.2432 . . 0.01934 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0041 0.01
26、79 2.9192 . . 0.0614MA 0.0008 0.0023 0.0192 0.1369 0.2980 . . 0.3764Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6239 0.0443 0.0115 0.0246 0.0494 . . 0.02321 Ring 0.1079 0.3418 0.2073 0.1173 0.0438 . . 0.01422 Ring 0.0053 0.0120 0.8077 0.6493 0.3184 . . 0.00613 Ring 0.0000 0.0002 0.0030 1.6068 1.2432 . . 0.01934 Ring 0.0001
27、0.0004 0.0041 0.0179 2.9192 . . 0.0614MA 0.0004 0.0023 0.0192 0.1369 0.2980 . . 0.3764C20Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5099 0.0397 0.0105 0.0183 0.0458 0.0412 . 0.02231 Ring 0.0835 0.3403 0.2066 0.1137 0.0418 0.0375 . 0.01902 Ring 0.0036 0.0097 0.7972 0.6412 0.3106 0.1542 . 0.00003 Ring 0.0000 0.0003 0.0
28、014 1.5634 1.2179 0.5944 . 0.04684 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 0.0409 2.7690 1.4656 . 0.00295 Ring 0.0004 0.001 0.0085 0.0630 0.0996 4.2055 . 0.1831MA 0.0008 0.0022 0.0188 0.1382 0.2910 0.4521 . 0.4049Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6188 0.0481 0.0127 0.0222 0.0555 0.0499 . 0.02701 Ring 0.1151 0.3427 0.2059 0.1149
29、 0.0446 0.0350 . 0.01762 Ring 0.0051 0.0098 0.7972 0.6412 0.3107 0.1544 . 0.00013 Ring 0.0001 0.0003 0.0014 1.5634 1.2179 0.5944 . 0.04684 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 0.0409 2.7690 1.4656 . 0.00295 Ring 0.0003 0.0010 0.0085 0.0630 0.0996 4.2054 . 0.1831MA 0.0007 0.0022 0.0188 0.1382 0.2910 0.4521 . 0.
30、4049C21Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5077 0.0431 0.0119 0.0195 0.0454 0.0441 . 0.02421 Ring 0.0888 0.3393 0.2025 0.1147 0.0429 0.0334 . 0.02122 Ring 0.0033 0.0074 0.7808 0.6176 0.3082 0.1470 . 0.00033 Ring 0.0001 0.0002 0.0037 1.5192 1.1698 0.5596 . 0.04834 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014 0.0416 2.6715 1.4243
31、. 0.00565 Ring 0.0004 0.0009 0.0078 0.0592 0.0898 3.9781 . 0.1851MA 0.0009 0.0020 0.0173 0.1308 0.2717 0.4172 . 0.4123Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6140 0.0522 0.0144 0.0235 0.0550 0.0533 . 0.02921 Ring 0.1216 0.3421 0.2016 0.1158 0.0458 0.0305 . 0.01962 Ring 0.0048 0.0076 0.7811 0.6176 0.3082 0.1472 . 0.00013
32、 Ring 0.0001 0.0002 0.0037 1.5192 1.1698 0.5596 . 0.04834 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014 0.0416 2.6715 1.4232 . 0.00565 Ring 0.0005 0.0009 0.0078 0.0592 0.0893 3.9781 . 0.1851MA 0.0010 0.0020 0.0173 0.1308 0.2717 0.4172 . 0.4123C22Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5084 0.0474 0.0133 0.0210 0.0435 0.0484 . 0.02631
33、 Ring 0.0946 0.3397 0.1995 0.1145 0.0440 0.0307 . 0.02402 Ring 0.0030 0.0050 0.7661 0.6016 0.3016 0.1444 . 0.00053 Ring 0.0002 0.0000 0.0072 1.4778 1.1214 0.5559 . 0.05174 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0018 0.0411 2.5629 1.3179 . 0.01175 Ring 0.0004 0.0008 0.0072 0.0564 0.0829 3.7619 . 0.1890MA 0.0010 0.0018
34、 0.0161 0.1252 0.2574 0.3897 . 0.4237Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6096 0.0568 0.0160 0.0252 0.0521 0.0580 . 0.03161 Ring 0.1267 0.3427 0.1986 0.1158 0.0468 0.0277 . 0.02232 Ring 0.0044 0.0053 0.7662 0.6016 0.3018 0.1445 . 0.00043 Ring 0.0003 0.0000 0.0072 1.4778 1.1213 0.5559 . 0.05174 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.00
35、18 0.0411 2.5629 1.3179 . 0.01775 Ring 0.0007 0.0008 0.0072 0.0564 0.0829 3.7619 . 0.1890MA 0.0015 0.0018 0.0161 0.1253 0.2574 0.3897 . 0.4238D 2786 91 (2006)3TABLE 1 Continued(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91C23Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5093 0.0518 0.0153 0.0226 0.0407 0.0521 . 0.02851 Ring
36、 0.1003 0.3404 0.1976 0.1142 0.0446 0.0282 . 0.02692 Ring 0.0024 0.0021 0.7580 0.5880 0.3011 0.1405 . 0.00083 Ring 0.0002 0.0001 0.0103 1.4393 1.0839 0.5414 . 0.05424 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0020 0.0425 2.4806 1.2840 . 0.01495 Ring 0.0005 0.0007 0.0066 0.0539 0.0750 3.6015 . 0.1927MA 0.0011 0.0017 0.01
37、48 0.1189 0.2409 0.3560 . 0.4300Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6093 0.0619 0.0183 0.0270 0.0487 0.0624 . 0.03411 Ring 0.1338 0.3439 0.1965 0.1156 0.0473 0.0248 . 0.02502 Ring 0.0038 0.0023 0.7580 0.5882 0.3013 0.1406 . 0.00083 Ring 0.0004 0.0001 0.0103 1.4393 1.0839 0.5415 . 0.05424 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0020 0.
38、0426 2.4806 1.2840 . 0.01495 Ring 0.0009 0.0007 0.0066 0.0539 0.0750 3.6016 . 0.1927MA 0.0190 0.0016 0.0148 0.1189 0.2410 0.3561 . 0.4300C24Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5105 0.0566 0.0174 0.0249 0.0434 0.0528 0.0372 0.03241 Ring 0.1061 0.3414 0.1960 0.1128 0.0420 0.0288 0.0761 0.03372 Ring 0.0016 0.0011
39、 0.7505 0.5807 0.2908 0.1418 0.0047 0.00113 Ring 0.0003 0.0004 0.0146 1.4098 1.0564 0.5371 0.2987 0.07064 Ring 0.0000 0.0001 0.0014 0.0506 2.3673 1.2328 0.6560 0.00855 Ring 0.0004 0.0005 0.0048 0.0407 0.0457 3.3827 0.9376 0.15446 Ring 0.0005 0.0006 0.0055 0.0457 0.0911 0.1138 3.9809 0.1763MA 0.0012
40、0.0015 0.0143 0.1190 0.2369 0.3388 0.4136 0.4594Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6094 0.0675 0.0208 0.0297 0.0518 0.0631 0.0444 0.03971 Ring 0.1403 0.3451 0.1948 0.1145 0.0449 0.0253 0.0736 0.03152 Ring 0.0032 0.0009 0.7506 0.5808 0.2910 0.1420 0.0045 0.00103 Ring 0.0006 0.0004 0.0145 1.4098 1.0564 0.5352 0.2986
41、0.07064 Ring 0.0000 0.0001 0.0014 0.0506 2.3673 1.2328 0.6560 0.00855 Ring 0.0009 0.0005 0.0048 0.0407 0.0457 3.3828 0.9376 0.15446 Ring 0.0010 0.0005 0.0055 0.0457 0.0911 0.1139 3.9809 0.1764MA 0.0026 0.0014 0.0142 0.1190 0.2370 0.3389 0.4137 0.4595C25Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5132 0.0621 0.0196 0.0
42、262 0.0471 0.0493 0.0383 0.03441 Ring 0.1115 0.3425 0.1930 0.1133 0.0435 0.0302 0.0753 0.03802 Ring 0.0009 0.0040 0.7378 0.5623 0.2821 0.1450 0.0032 0.00053 Ring 0.0005 0.0006 0.0185 1.3763 1.0229 0.5229 0.2858 0.07414 Ring 0.0000 0.0001 0.0019 0.0520 2.2834 1.1777 0.6213 0.00345 Ring 0.0005 0.0005
43、0.0043 0.0389 0.0409 3.2347 0.8915 0.15776 Ring 0.0005 0.0005 0.0048 0.0424 0.0836 0.1304 3.7174 0.1753MA 0.0013 0.0014 0.0128 0.1125 0.2213 0.3157 0.3738 0.4652Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6096 0.0738 0.0233 0.0311 0.0559 0.0586 0.0455 0.04091 Ring 0.1449 0.3465 0.1918 0.1150 0.0461 0.0256 0.0727 0.03582 Rin
44、g 0.0023 0.0039 0.7378 0.5624 0.2821 0.1452 0.0032 0.00053 Ring 0.0008 0.0007 0.0185 1.3762 1.0229 0.5229 0.2857 0.07414 Ring 0.0000 0.0001 0.0019 0.0520 2.2834 1.1777 0.6213 0.00345 Ring 0.0011 0.0004 0.0043 0.0389 0.0410 3.2347 0.8914 0.15786 Ring 0.0012 0.0004 0.0048 0.0424 0.0836 0.1034 3.7175 0
45、.1754MA 0.0032 0.0012 0.0127 0.1126 0.2215 0.3159 0.3740 0.4653C26Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5161 0.0679 0.0225 0.0282 0.0500 0.0496 0.0388 0.03691 Ring 0.1166 0.3429 0.1912 0.1146 0.0445 0.0291 0.0764 0.04252 Ring 0.0003 0.0080 0.7313 0.5486 0.2776 0.1391 0.0096 0.00063 Ring 0.0005 0.0010 0.0225 1.34
46、41 0.9981 0.4986 0.2786 0.07794 Ring 0.0000 0.0001 0.0023 0.0526 2.2145 1.1323 0.5916 0.00145 Ring 0.0005 0.0004 0.0039 0.0372 0.0355 3.0605 0.8433 0.16036 Ring 0.0005 0.0005 0.0044 0.0402 0.0776 0.0914 3.4893 0.1773MA 0.0014 0.0012 0.0118 0.1079 0.2080 0.2883 0.3450 0.4762Isoalkanes0 Ring 0.6106 0.
47、0804 0.0267 0.0334 0.0592 0.0586 0.0459 0.04361 Ring 0.1513 0.3475 0.1897 0.1165 0.0479 0.0254 0.0700 0.04012 Ring 0.0012 0.0078 0.7315 0.5487 0.2778 0.1393 0.0100 0.00023 Ring 0.0011 0.0011 0.0225 1.3441 0.9981 0.4986 0.2786 0.07794 Ring 0.0001 0.0001 0.0023 0.0526 2.2145 1.1323 0.5916 0.0014D 2786 91 (2006)4TABLE 1 Continued(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (915 Ring 0.0013 0.0003 0.0039 0.0372 0.0356 3.0606 0.8433 0.16046 Ring 0.0015 0.0003 0.0044 0.0402 0.0777 0.0915 3.4894 0.1774MA 0.0040 0.0009 0.0117 0.1081 0.2083 0.2885 0.3452 0.4763C27Inversen-Alkanes0 Ring 0.5207 0
