1、Designation: D 2854 96 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Activated Carbon1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2854; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of t
3、he appar-ent density of granular activated carbon. For purposes of thistest method, granular activated carbon is defined as a minimumof 90 % being larger than 80 mesh.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of
4、the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 2862 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution ofGranular Activated CarbonD 2867 Test Method for Moist
5、ure in Activated CarbonE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial ChemicalsE 542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatus3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Apparent density (bulk density) is determined on agranular sam
6、ple by measuring the volume packed by a free fallfrom a vibrating feeder into an appropriately sized graduatedcylinder and determining the mass of the known volume. Otherpacking procedures can result in different apparent densities.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a method for de
7、termining thepacked density of a bed of granular activated carbon. Deter-mination of the packed density is essential when designingvessels to hold the material and for ordering purposes whenprocuring materials to fill existing vessels.5. Apparatus (see Fig. 1)5.1 Reservoir Funnel, fabricated of glas
8、s or metal.5.2 Feed Funnel, glass or metal.5.3 Vibratory Feeder,3such as shown in Fig. 1 or similar.5.4 Cylinders, graduated 100, 250, or 500 mL, calibrated “tocontain” (TC).5.5 Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.1 g.6. Procedure6.1 Select a 100, 250, or 500 mL graduated cylinderappropriate for the
9、particle size of the activated carbon to betested. The inside diameter of the cylinder shall be at least 10times the mean particle diameter (MPD) as determined by TestMethod D 2862.6.2 If desired, the graduated cylinder may be calibrated bythe user in accordance with Practice E 542.6.3 Obtain a repr
10、esentative sample of activated carbon inaccordance with Practice E 300. Carefully place the sample ofactivated carbon into the reservoir funnel so that the materialdoes not prematurely flow into the graduated cylinder. If thisoccurs, return the material to the reservoir funnel.6.4 The feed funnel sh
11、ould have an outside diameter whichjust fits inside the chosen graduated cylinder. Adjust the heightof the reservoir funnel above the vibrator trough so that a freeflow of material is obtained. The drawing in Fig. 1 shows atypical apparatus using a 100 mL TC graduated cylinder.6.5 Add the sample to
12、the cylinder using the vibratoryfeeder through the feed funnel. Adjust the flow rate control tofill the cylinder at a uniform rate not less than 0.75 orexceeding 1.0 mL/s up to the mark corresponding to thevolume chosen. The graduated cylinder shall be filled to at least50 % of its capacity.1This te
13、st method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 onActivated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on GasPhase Evaluation Tests.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published Nov. 2004. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 2854 9
14、6 (2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3A suitable vibratory feeder is the model F-TO vibra
15、ting feeder with standardtrough 112 by 12 in. and controller. This unit is available from FMC Corporation,Material Handling Equipment Division, 57 Cooper Ave., Homer City, PA 15748.Similar equipment is available from other suppliers.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
16、West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.6 Transfer the contents from the cylinder to a balance panand weigh to the nearest 0.1 g.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the as-received apparent density as follows:as2received apparent density, g/mL5mass of activated carbon in gramscarbon volume in mill
17、ilitres(1)7.2 Calculate the apparent density on the dry basis asfollows:dry apparent density, g/mL5 as2received apparent density3S1 2% moisture100D(2)Percent moisture is determined using Test Method D 2867.8. Report8.1 The report should include the following:8.1.1 Complete identification of the samp
18、le, includingsource, manufacturers lot number, and carbon type.8.1.2 The volume of the graduated cylinder and the volumeof carbon used in the test.8.1.3 The as-received apparent density, the apparent density(dry basis), and the percent moisture.9. Precision and Bias9.1 An interlaboratory study was r
19、un in which samples ofthree types of activated carbon were tested for as-receivedapparent density in each of five laboratories (the 8 by 30 meshcoal carbon was tested in six laboratories). Details of the dataand analysis are given in ASTM Research Report RRD28-1005.9.2 The precision information give
20、n in Table 1 in grams permillilitre is for the comparison of two test results, each ofwhich is the average of three test determinations.9.3 The terms in Table 1 (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E 177. Therespective standard deviations among test resu
21、lts may beobtained by dividing the above limit values by 2.8.9.4 This method has no bias because apparent density ofactivated carbon is defined in terms of this test method.10. Keywords10.1 activated carbon; granular activated carbonFIG. 1 Assembly of ApparatusTABLE 1 Precision Information8 by 30 Co
22、al 4 by 10 Coco 4 mm PelletAverage apparent density 0.504 g/mL 0.500 g/mL 0.505 g/mL95 % repeatability limit (withinlaboratory)0.008 g/mL 0.007 g/mL 0.009 g/mL95 % reproducibility limit(between laboratories)0.014 g/mL 0.025 g/mL 0.034 g/mLD 2854 96 (2004)2ASTM International takes no position respect
23、ing the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This stan
24、dard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Internatio
25、nal Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
26、This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2854 96 (2004)3
