1、Designation: D 2949 01ae1An American National StandardStandard Specification for3.25-in. Outside Diameter Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) PlasticDrain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2949; the number immediately following the designation indicates
2、the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the
3、Department of Defense.e1NOTETable 1 was editorially corrected in November 2004.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methodsfor materials, dimensions and tolerances, deflection load, crushresistance, hydrostatic-burst resistance, flattening resistance,impact resistance, and sol
4、vent cement. A form of marking isalso included. Plastic which does not meet the materialrequirements specified in Section 5 is excluded.NOTE 1This specification was formerly issued under the title, 3-in.ThinWall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain,Waste, andVent Pipeand Fittings.NOTE 2Technique
5、s for making solvent-cement joints are given inPractice D 2855.1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes,and appendixes which provide explanatory material. Thesenotes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shallnot be considered as requirements of the specificatio
6、n.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of th
7、e safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioni
8、ng Plastics for TestingD 1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydrau-lic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(CPVC) Co
9、mpoundsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of ExtrudedPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings byAcetone ImmersionD 2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe
10、by Parallel-Plate LoadingD 2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Re-sistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of aTup (Falling Weight)D 2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(VinylChloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping SystemsD 2855 Practice for Making Solvent-Cemented Joints
11、withPoly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and FittingsD 3311 Specification for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV)Plastic Fittings PatternsF 402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipeand FittingsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF
12、 1498 Specification for Taper Pipe Threads 60 for Ther-moplastic Pipe and Fittings3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified.4. Significance and Use4.1 The requirements o
13、f this specification are intended toprovide pipe and fittings suitable for drainage of sewage andcertain other liquid wastes where toughness, resistance to1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17
14、.63 on DWV.Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2001. Published February 2002. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 2949 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AST
15、MStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.deterioration from water and chemicals, flattening and agingresistance, and strong tight j
16、oints are required.4.2 When joining 3.25-in. outside diameter PVC DWVpiping to 3-in. Schedule 40 PVC DWV piping, it is necessaryto use either reducer bushings or increasers, as shown in thetables at the end of the text, due to the differences in pipeoutside diameters.NOTE 3Industrial waste disposal
17、lines should be installed only withthe specific approval of the cognizant building code authority sincechemicals not commonly found in drains and sewers, and temperatures inexcess of 160F (70C), may be encountered.5. Materials5.1 Basic MaterialsPipe and fittings shall be made fromvirgin poly (vinyl
18、chloride) compounds meeting the require-ments of Class 12454, as defined and described in SpecificationD 1784.5.2 Rework MaterialThe manufacturer shall use only hisown clean pipe or fitting rework material and the pipe or fittingproduced shall meet all the requirements of this specification.5.3 Solv
19、ent CementThe solvent cement shall meet therequirements of Specification D 2564.6. Requirements Requirements6.1 GeneralThe pipe and fittings shall be homogeneousthroughout and free of visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions,or other injurious defects. The pipe shall be as uniform ascommercially pr
20、acticable in color, opacity, density, and otherphysical properties.6.1.1 The requirements in this section are intended only foruse as quality control tests, not as simulated service tests.6.2 Dimensions and TolerancesAll dimensions shall bemeasured in accordance with Test Method D 2122. All toler-an
21、ces shall meet the requirements of Tables 1-11 unlessotherwise specified.6.2.1 Pipe:6.2.1.1 Pipe DimensionsThe outside diameters and wallthicknesses of the pipe shall meet the requirements of Table 1.6.2.1.2 Pipe LengthThe pipe shall be in either 10 or 20-ftor 3 or 6-m lengths, unless otherwise spec
22、ified with allowabletolerance of +12 in., 0 in. or +13 mm, 0 mm.6.2.2 Fittings:6.2.2.1 Fittings-Socket DimensionsThe socket dimen-sions of fittings shall meet the requirements given in Table 2.6.2.2.2 Fittings Laying Length DimensionsThe layinglength dimensions of fittings, shall conform to the requ
23、irementsgiven in Table 3 through Tables 11.6.2.2.3 Transition AdaptersThe dimensions of adaptersfor connecting plastic pipe to cast iron hubs shall conform tothe dimensions given in Table 4.6.2.2.4 Fittings DimensionsThe dimensions of fittingscovered by this specification shall meet the requirements
24、 givenin Table 3 through Table 11.NOTE 4Additional fittings in IPS dimensions are included in Speci-fication D 3311.6.3 Deflection Load and Crush Resistance:6.3.1 PipeThe pipe shall support a minimum load of 600lbf/linear ft (810 N/m) at 15 % deflection of the originaldiameter (deflection load), and
25、 shall deflect 60 % of theoriginal diameter (crush resistance) without cracking, rupture,or other visible evidence of failure when tested in accordancewith 7.4. The minimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflection shall be115 lbf/in.in. (800 kPa).6.3.2 FittingsIndividual fittings unassembled shall with-stan
26、d a minimum load of 1000 lbf/ft (1350 N/m) of centerlinelength without cracking or other visible evidence of failurewhen tested in accordance with 7.4. This requirement does notapply to inline fittings.6.4 Minimum Hydrostatic Burst PressureWhen tested at73F (23C) in accordance with 7.5, the minimum
27、burstpressure of pipe shall be 500 psi (3.45 MPa) and the minimumburst pressure of fittings shall be 200 psi (1.38 MPa).NOTE 5The minimum burst pressure for fittings are lower than thatfor pipe because the geometry is such, particularly area and radii, that thestresses produced in the wall of the fi
28、tting are higher than those producedin pipe tested at the same internal pressures. This requirement is intendedonly for the purpose of quality control to ensure that the pipe and fittingshave no weak areas, particularly at flow and weld lines.6.5 Flattening ResistanceThe average decrease in insidedi
29、ameters of pipe and fittings shall not exceed 10 % whentested in accordance with 7.6 (Note 3).6.6 Impact ResistanceThe minimum impact resistance,when tested at the time of manufacture, shall be 50 ftlbf (6.91J) at 73F (23C) for pipe and 20 ftlbf (2.77 J) at 73F forfittings. Test in accordance with T
30、est Method D 2444 using TupC and Holder A for pipe and Tup A and Holder B for fittings.Use a 12-lb (5-kg) tup for testing pipe and fittings. Testcouplings cemented to short pieces of pipe and allowed to dryfor 24 h.6.6.1 Test 10 specimens. When 9 or 10 specimens pass,accept the lot. When 2 or more s
31、pecimens fail, test 10additional specimens. When 17 of 20 specimens tested pass,accept the lot. When 4 or more of 20 specimens fail, test 20additional specimens. When 32 of 40 specimens pass, acceptthe lot. When 9 or more of 40 specimens fail, the lot does notmeet the requirements of this specificat
32、ion.6.6.2 Failure of the test specimen shall be shattering or anycrack or break extending entirely through the pipe wall andvisible to the unaided eye.TABLE 1 Dimensions and Tolerances for Outside Diameters and Thicknesses of PVC 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Plastic Drain, Waste,and Vent Pipe, in. (mm)
33、NominalPipe Size,in.Outside Diameter Wall ThicknessAAverageTolerance onAverageOut-of-Roundness(maximum minus minimum)Min Tolerance3.25 3.250 (82.56) 60.008 (60.20) 0.030 (0.76) 0.125 (3.18) +0.020 (+0.50)AThe minimum is the lowest wall thickness of the pipe at any cross section. The maximum permitte
34、d wall thickness, at any cross section, is the minimum wall thicknessplus the stated tolerance.D 2949 01ae12TABLE 2 Dimensions and Tolerances for Fitting Sockets for 3.25-in. Outside Diameter PVC Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent PipeFittings, in. (mm)NOTE 1Spigot ends shall conform to the outside diam
35、eters and tolerances for pipe of the same sizeNominalPipe Size,in.ASocket Entrance DiameterBSocket Bottom DiameterCSpigot andSocket DepthDWall ThicknessavgATmBavgCTmBmin minD,E3.25 3.265 (82.94) 60.008 (60.20) 3.245 (82.42) 60.008 (60.20) 112 (38) 0.140 (3.56)AThe tolerances on this average are +0.0
36、10 to 0.005 in. (+0.25 to 0.13 mm).BTm = permissible deviation of diameter from measured average, often called out-of-roundness.CTolerance on average +0.005 in., 0.010 in. (+0.13 mm, 0.25 mm).DMinimum wall thickness in the socket is 0.125 in.EThe wall thickness is a minimum value except that a 610 %
37、 variation resulting from core shift is allowable. In such a case, the average of the two opposite wallthicknesses shall equal or exceed the value shown in the table.TABLE 3 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Bends, in. (mm)Nominal PipeSize, in.14 Bend G,minLong-Sweep14Bend G,min18 Bend J,min16 Bend J,min116
38、 Bend J,min3.25 278 (73) 4 (101.6) 1 (25.4) 114 (31.8)58 (15.88)TABLE 4 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Reducing Spigots, in. (mm)Nominal Pipe Size, in. L2,min L1,min L3,minMAJ, Nominalmax min3.25 by 4-in.Cast Iron378 (98.4) 558 (142.9)38 (9.5) 4916 (115.9) 412 (114.3) 378 (98.4)D 2949 01ae136.7 ThreadsFo
39、r all fittings having taper pipe threads,threads shall conform to Specification F 1498 and be gaged inaccordance with 7.7.6.8 Extrusion QualityThe pipe shall not flake or disinte-grate when tested in accordance with Test Method D 2152.7. Test Methods7.1 SamplingTake a random sample from each lot ors
40、hipment of the pipe and fittings sufficient to determineconformance with this specification.About 40 ft (12 m) of pipeare required to make the tests prescribed. The number offittings required varies depending on the size and type offitting.7.2 Conditioning7.2.1 For referee testing at 73F, condition
41、the specimensprior to test at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relativehumidity in accordance with Practice D 618, Procedure A.7.2.2 For routine quality control testing at 73F, conditionthe specimens at the temperature and humidity of the manu-facturers testing facility for not less than1horuntil
42、thespecimens are at the room temperature.7.3 Test Conditions7.3.1 For referee purposes, conduct tests in the standardlaboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 65 % relative humidity.7.3.2 For routine quality control testing, conduct tests at thetemperature and humidity of the manufacture
43、rs testing area.7.4 Deflection Load and Crush ResistanceMeasure thedeflection load and crush resistance of pipe and fittings inaccordance with Test Method D 2412. In the test for pipe notethe load when the initial inside diameter is reduced by 5 %(pipe stiffness), by 15 % (deflection load), and cont
44、inue the testuntil the diameter is reduced by 60 % of its original value(crush resistance). The rate of head approach shall be 0.20 to0.25 in./min (5.1 to 6.4 mm/min). Each specimen shall meetthe requirements of 6.3.1.7.4.1 Fitting Test SpecimensTest three complete fittings.Shim fittings to give ful
45、l centerline contact with platens.Fittings having nonuniform diameters such as reducers shall beconsidered acceptable when the wall thickness at all points isequal to or greater than the wall thickness of pipe of the samematerial and diameter that meets the crush resistance require-ments. Each speci
46、men shall meet the requirements of 6.3.2.7.4.2 ProcedureTerminate the test when the inside diam-eter of pipe test specimens is reduced to 40 % of its originalvalue or the pipe cracks or shows other visible evidence offailure. Terminate the test on fittings when the load reaches1000 lbf/ft (1350 N/m)
47、 of centerline length. Observe the loadand deflection at the first evidence of cracking, if any. Recordlocation and type of failure.7.4.3 CalculationFor pipe, divide the load in pounds-force or newtons at 15 % deflection (deflection load) and alsoat failure (crush resistance), if such occurred, by t
48、he length ofthe pipe test specimen in feet or metres to obtain the deflectionload and crush resistance, respectively, in pounds per linearfoot, or newtons per metre. For pipe stiffness, divide the loadin pounds-force or newtons at 5 % deflection by the specimenlength in inches or metres and then div
49、ide by the deflection ininches or metres. Calculate the values for each specimenseparately. Examine the test results for each specimen forconformance to the requirements of 6.3.1 and 6.3.2.TABLE 5 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Reducing Sanitary Tee and 45 Wyes, in. (mm)Nominal Pipe Size, in.Sanitary Tee Reducing 45 Wye Reducing Single and DoubleG1,min G2,min G3,min G1,min G2,min G3,min3.25 by 3.25 by112-in. IPS1516 (23.8) 134 (44.5) 2316 (55.6)38 (9.5) 314 (82.5) 31732 (89.7)3.25 by 3.25 by 2-in. IPS 138 (
