1、Designation: D 3076 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Methods forEffective Crimping on Outside Crimped Valves of AerosolContainers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3076; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the effective crimping onoutside crimped valves within the wide paramete
3、rs of contain-ers and valves available.1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:SectionsOptical Comparator Test Method 4 to 7Caliper Test Method 8 to 121.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the u
4、ser of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD 3064 Terminology Relating to Aerosol Products3.
5、 Terminology3.1 General definitions for packaging and distribution envi-ronments are found in Terminology D 996.3.2 General definitions of terms relating to aerosol productsare found in D 3064.OPTICAL COMPARATOR TEST METHOD4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method involves drawing a projected, e
6、nlargedprofile of the container and valve, then removing the valve anddrawing the projected profile of the container finish. Measuringthe resultant void and subtracting the dimensions of theessentially noncompressed components from this value resultsin the value representing the compressed thickness
7、 of the valvesealing gasket.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides information for the establish-ment of quality control procedures on filling lines.6. Apparatus6.1 Optical Comparator.6.2 Clamping Jig, fastened to the comparator bench.6.3 Grinder, electric, small enough to be hand held
8、7. Procedure7.1 Crimp a valve on an empty bottle with the line crimperset at normal operation, and clamp the bottle in the jig on thecomparator bench.7.2 Draw the projected, enlarged image on tracing paper.NOTE 1Grid ruled tracing paper makes the tracing much easier.7.3 Without disturbing the paper
9、 or bottle, cut a wedge outof the valve with the electric grinder, and remove the valve.7.4 Trace the projected image of the container alone on thesame paper.7.5 Measure the void between the two silhouettes (Fig. 1and Fig. 2). Subtract the dimensions (multiplied by theenlargement factor of the essen
10、tially uncompressed compo-nents of the valve) from this value to obtain the thickness of thecompressed gasket multipled by the enlargement factor, andconvert this reading into percent compression.CALIPER TEST METHOD8. Summary of Test Method8.1 This test method involves a measurement of the heightof
11、the uncrimped portion of the valve. The points betweenwhich the measurement is made are self-determining when thecalipers are held parallel to the side of the valve. Meandimensions are used in calculating the effective crimp height.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10
12、 onPackaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D 10.33 on MechanicalDispensers. These test methods were originally developed by the ChemicalSpecialties Manufacturers Assn.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition
13、approved in 2000 as D 3076 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International,
14、100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.9. Significance and Use9.1 This test method provides information for the establish-ment of quality control procedures on filling lines.10. Apparatus10.1 Calipers, vernier or dial.11. Procedure11.1 Select a filled bot
15、tle from the filling line at random.11.2 Mark off three points, 120 apart, on the valve ferrule,carefully avoiding areas where stake marks occur.11.3 Holding the calipers parallel to the side of the valve,place the inner jaw on the top of the valve.11.4 Slide the outer jaw up the valve skirt until i
16、t stops, dueto the abrupt directional change in the skirt.11.4.1 In collect-crimped bottles a line appears at the top ofthe crimped skirt area. This is made by the top of the collectsegment, and is the point at which direction changes abruptlyand the caliper will hang up.11.4.2 Roll-capped bottles w
17、ill also produce this horizontalline at the top of the crimped area. Depending upon the facialcontour of the rollers, this line may be above or at the point ofabrupt direction change. Letting the caliper find the point ofdirection change naturally, will eliminate doubt about thismeasurement.11.5 Rep
18、eat this process at the other locations marked on theferrule.11.6 Record a reasonable agreement between any tworeadings as the effective crimp height (Fig. 1).Apoints between which effective crimp height measurement should be made (these points are self-determining when the calipers are held paralle
19、l to thesideofthevalve).Bpoints between which a relative measurement may be established for nondestructure quality control use from optical comparator data.Ceffective compression.Dflat compression.FIG. 1 Effective Crimp HeightArepresentation of a plastic-coated bottle.Brepresentation of an uncoated
20、bottle.NOTE 1A and B represent points between which measurements should be made after drawing the projected profiles.FIG. 2 Optical Comparator ProfileD 3076 00 (2005)211.7 Measure the diameter of the uncrimped portion of thevalve. Subtract the diameter of the crimped valve skirt from thediameter of
21、the uncrimped portion of the valve. Record thisvalue as the crimp diameter.12. Calculation12.1 Calculate the maximum crimp height for effectivecrimping, M (which needs to be determined only once for anybottle and valve combination), as follows:M 5 A 1 B/2! 1 C 1 2Dwhere:A = dimension of the bottle l
22、ip (excluding the sealingbead),B = thickness of the sealing gasket,C = thickness of the valve body flang (excluding thesealing bead), andD = thickness of the valve ferrule.12.2 When plastic-coated bottles are used, add 0.015 to theend of the equation in 12.1 to compensate for the nominalamount of pl
23、astic expected to be present under the lip of thebottle finish.13. Precision and Bias13.1 PrecisionThe precision of Test Methods D 3076 ishighly dependent on the type of can and aerosol valve beingtested. While inside-crimped aerosol valves can operate withina standard dimensional target, such a sin
24、gle target cannot bereadily obtained for outside-crimped aerosol valves. This isdue to the wide tolerances of the containers and the tolerancesof the valve components (especially the rubber gasket) utilizedin the industry. One laboratory has investigated one aerosolvalve/aluminum can combination wit
25、h two replicate tests,yielding the following results:Can # Crimp Measurement (mm)1 5,1625,23 5,264545536 5,357 5,258 5,279 5,2210 5,311 5,3412 5,3513 5,3114 5,3615 5,3516 5,3117 5,3418 5,2619 5,320 5,25Mean Value 5,29Standard Deviation 0,06Max Value 5,35Min Value 5,1613.1.1 Other aerosol packages ma
26、y have values differentthan the values disclosed in 13.1. Users of this test method aresuggested to reference historical files of previous tests ofsimilar aerosol packaging for an estimate of within-laboratoryrepeatability. The Committee believes that because of thisstrong product and component mate
27、rial dependency, furtherinvestigation of repeatability and reproducibility is not practi-cable.13.2 Test Methods D 3076 has no bias because an acceptedreference or referee value is not available.14. Keywords14.1 aerosol packaging; crimp measurement of aerosolvalves; outside-crimped aerosol valvesAPP
28、ENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DISCUSSIONX1.1 Analyzing the similarities and differences betweeneffective sealing of inside crimped valves and outside crimpedvalves, it becomes readily apparent that the main factor toconsider for effective sealing in both cases is compression ofthe sealing membe
29、r of the valve.X1.2 Where a standard dimension is offered to the trade forinside crimped valves, such a single dimension or dimensionrange cannot readily be obtained for outside crimped valves,due to wide tolerances on the essential dimensions of glasscontainers and the wide variation between valves
30、 offered to thetrade for glass aerosol containers.X1.2.1 In spite of this situation, the possibility of establish-ing crimping dimensions is not eliminated, but it becomes alittle more involved insofar as separate dimensions must beestablished for each valve-container combination.X1.3 Mean dimension
31、s were chosen for the caliper methodformula to give approximately 20 % compression of the rubbergasket on the maximum bottle. Using the same crimperadjustment, a minimum bottle can produce a negligible flatcompression, but will still have approximately 30 % effectivecompression even though the glass
32、 sealing bead is non-existent.X1.3.1 In calculating compression of the rubber gasket, it isrecommended that the sealing beads on both the glass andvalve body flange be ignored to provide a small safety factor.X1.4 Serum vial type crimping, where the valve does notdisplay a crimped skirt, cannot easi
33、ly be measured by means ofthe calipers alone. An effective crimp height setting should beestablished by the optical comparator and a relative heightmeasurement (by calipers) can be determined from the settingD 3076 00 (2005)3that produces an acceptable compression as determined by thecomparator. Thi
34、s relative height can then be used nondestruc-tively by quality control personnel on the filling lines todetermine effective crimping.X1.5 Minimum values for crimp diameter (that is, 0.060 for20-mm valves and 0.030 for 15-mm valves) are those that aneffective crimped valve requires pressures of over
35、 400 psi (2.7MPa) to exert sufficient force to unseat a 20-mm valve and over500 psi (3.4 MPa) to unseat a 15-mm valve. In any case, it isdesirable to press the skirt firmly against the side of the bottlefor appearances and to prevent valve popping upon bottlebreakage.ASTM International takes no posi
36、tion respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibili
37、ty.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to AST
38、M International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address
39、shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 3076 00 (2005)4
