1、Designation: D3121 17Standard Test Method forTack of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives by Rolling Ball1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers measurement of the compara-tive tack of pressure-sensitive adhesives by a rolling ball and ismost appropriat
3、e for low-tack adhesives. This test method isonly one of several available for the measurement of tack.1.1.1 This test method is not recommended for the specifi-cation of end use products.1.2 Values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to beregarded separately as standard. The values stated i
4、n eachsystem may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each systemmust be used independently without combining values in anyway.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish a
5、ppro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of
6、International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D907 Terminology of AdhesivesE171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible BarrierPackagingD5750/D5750M Guide for Wi
7、dth and Length of Pressure-Sensitive Tape3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsMany of the terms found in this testmethod are defined in Terminology D907.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 In the determination of tack by the rolling-ball method,a steel ball is released at the top of an incline, allowed toaccelerat
8、e down the incline and roll on to a horizontal surfacecovered with a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Tack is determinedby measuring the distance that the ball travels across theadhesive before stopping. There are two major retarding forcesapplied by the adhesive to the ball: (1) the adhesion betweenthe
9、 ball and the adhesive, often called “grab,” and (2) the“plowing effect” or energy required to push the adhesive out ofthe balls path.4.2 Test results are influenced by (1) adhesive filmthickness, (2) bond of adhesive to backing, and (3) backingrigidity, so these factors must be carefully controlled
10、 forsatisfactory comparisons.5. Significance and Use5.1 The rolling-ball tack test is fast, easy to run, and requireslittle investment in equipment and little operator training. Thistest is intended primarily for quality control use since itdemonstrates good reproducibility within a single laborator
11、yand ability to detect batch-to-batch variations accurately ifadhesive film thickness is held constant. Rolling ball tack is notintended as an investigative tool since for most pressuresensitive adhesive applications rolling ball tack results do notcorrelate well with application tack requirements.6
12、. Apparatus (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2)6.1 Inclined Trough equipped with a release lever at the topthrough which the ball gains downhill momentum. The ball isa11mm(716 in.) diameter steel ball unless otherwise specified.7. Reagents7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals should beused in all tests. Oth
13、er grades may be used, provided it is firstascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity topermit its use without lessening accuracy of the determination.7.2 Solvents:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subco
14、mmittee D10.14 on Tape andLabels.Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3121 06 which waswithdrawn January 2015 and reinstated in May 2017. DOI: 10.1520/D3121-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
15、website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United S
16、tatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to
17、Trade (TBT) Committee.17.2.1 Any of the following solvents may be used forcleaning:7.2.1.1 Diactone alcohol non-residual, technical grade orbetter,7.2.1.2 Methanol (95 %),7.2.1.3 Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK),7.2.1.4 n-Heptane, or7.2.1.5 Acetone.7.2.2 Before selecting or using these solvents be sure to
18、readand follow all precautions on the chemical Material SafetyData Sheets (MSDS) and consult with Environment, Health,and Safety (EHS) professionals.7.3 Cleaning MaterialAbsorbent, surgical gauze, cottonwool or tissue may be used. To be suitable, materials must belint-free during use, absorbent, con
19、tain no additives that aresoluble in the solvents listed in 7.2 and made exclusively fromvirgin materials.8. Test Specimen8.1 The test specimen is a substrate coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive. It is generally about 48 mm (2 in.)3wideand approximately 380 mm (15 in.) long. Specific sampledim
20、ensions can be selected for the adhesive to be tested sincethe length need only be sufficient to allow the adhesive to stopthe ball, and the width need be only wide enough to encompassthe ball track.9. Conditioning9.1 Before test, store the pressure-sensitive adhesive-coatedsubstrate at the selected
21、 test conditions for 24 h. If otherconditions are not specified the storage and test conditions shallbe 23 6 2C (73 6 4F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.Details of these and other conditions are more fully describedin Specification E171.10. Procedure10.1 Select a hard, horizontal surface of sufficie
22、nt size toconduct the test. Metal or glass plates have been satisfactorilyused.10.2 Prior to the tests of each lot of adhesive, dispense oneof the solvents listed in 7.2.1 onto the trough, wiping to drynesswith fresh absorbent cleaning material (see 7.3). Repeat for atotal of three washes. The final
23、 cleaning shall be with analternate solvent, either MEK or acetone. Do not touch cleanedsurfaces with fingers. The cleaned surface should be allowed todry at standard conditions for at least 10 min. If cleanedapparatus is not used within 10 h, it should be recleaned.NOTE 1All operations with solvent
24、s should be conducted in awell-ventilated hood.10.3 Arrange the specimen to be tested, adhesive side up, inline with the inclined trough. The specimen must be free of anywrinkles, creases, or splices. The end of the specimen oppositethe incline shall be held to the table with tape or a weight.10.4 P
25、rior to each roll of the ball, thoroughly clean the ballin the same manner as the inclined trough, see 10.2, to removeany possible adhesive residue. Allow to dry at standardconditions for at least 10 min. After cleaning do not touch theball or raceway. Use clean, dry tongs to place the ball on theup
26、per side of the release.10.5 Release the ball and allow it to roll to a stop on theadhesive.10.6 Measure the distance from the point where the ballinitially contacts the adhesive to where the ball is in contactwhen it stops.10.7 Repeat procedure 10.4 10.6 at least four additionaltimes for each lot o
27、f adhesive to be tested (for a minimum offive replicates.) Use a fresh specimen for each test.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive tested and thesubstrate on which it is coated including type, source, manu-facturers code numbers, form, etc.,1
28、1.1.2 Method of preparing test specimens, especially theresultant thickness of adhesive and substrate,11.1.3 Conditioning procedure used,11.1.4 Conditions of testing area,11.1.5 Number of specimens tested (five are recommended),11.1.6 Maximum, minimum, and average value of rollingball distance. Opti
29、onally, either all values or a standarddeviation for the value may also be included, and11.1.7 Pertinent additional comments based on visual in-spection such as noticeable residue on ball, lift of adhesivefrom substrate, etc.12. Precision and Bias412.1 In tests of an identical series of pressure-sen
30、sitive tapesin various laboratories this rolling-ball test has reproduciblyarranged the samples from least to most tacky. Numericalresults on the same tape tested by different operators or indifferent laboratories could vary by as much as 50 % (95 %confidence limits).3This width corresponds to the p
31、rimary metric (SI) units described in GuideD5750/D5750M. These so-called “modular metric” units generally are usedthroughout the world. If it is desirable to test slightly different widths, this should benoted in accordance with 6.2 and calculations in accordance with 10.1 must accountfor the differ
32、ence.4Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D14-1000.FIG. 1 Adhesion Test Apparatus and Specimen Showing Dis-tance of Roll That is MeasuredD3121 17213. Keywords13.1 pressure-sensitive adhesives; rolling ball; tackASTM I
33、nternational takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entir
34、ely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand
35、should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on
36、Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at
37、610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 2 Incline for Adhesion TestD3121 173
