1、Designation: D3164 03 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forStrength Properties of Adhesively Bonded Plastic Lap-ShearSandwich Joints in Shear by Tension Loading1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3164; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is intended to complement Test MethodD1002 and T
3、est Method D3163 and extend its application tosingle-lap-shear adhesive joints employing plastic adherends.The test method is useful for generating comparative shearstrength data for joints made from a number of plastics. It canalso provide a means by which several plastics surface treat-ments can b
4、e compared.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.NOTE 1Acomplete metric companion to Test Method D3164 has beendeveloped D3164M.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, asso
5、ciated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized princip
6、les on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1002
7、 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D2093 Practice for Preparation of Surfaces of Plastics Priorto Adhesive BondingD2651 Guide for Preparation of Metal Surfaces forAdhesiveBondingD3163 Test Method for Dete
8、rmining Strength of AdhesivelyBonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Ten-sion LoadingD3164M Test Method for Strength Properties of AdhesivelyBonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints in Shear byTension Loading (Withdrawn 2012)3D4896 Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-JointSpecimen
9、 Test ResultsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsMany terms in this test method are definedin Terminology D907.4. Significance and Use4.1 Due to the increased use of adhesively bonded plasticsas a result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded ra
10、therthan mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviationof stress risers and stress cracking, there is a need for standardtests by which joints of various substrates and adhesives can becompared. This test method is intended to meet such a need.4.2 This test method is limited to test temp
11、eratures belowthe softening point of the subject adherends, and is notintended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforcedplastic laminates.4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this testmethod as design stress allowable values for structural jointscould lead to product failure, pr
12、operty damage, and humaninjury.4.4 The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtainedfrom a given small single-lap specimen may differ from thatobtained from a joint made with different adherends or by adifferent bonding process. The normal variation of temperatureand moisture in the service enviro
13、nment causes the adherends1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.40 on Adhesives forPlastics.Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originallyapproved in 1973. Last previous edition appro
14、ved in 2011 as D3164 03 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/D3164-03R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The
15、last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standa
16、rdization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1and the adhesive to swell and shrink. The adherends andadhesive are likely to have differe
17、nt thermal and moisturecoefficients of expansion.4.5 Even in small specimens, short-term environmentalchanges can induce internal stresses or chemical changes in theadhesive that permanently affect the apparent strength andother mechanical properties of the adhesive. The problem ofpredicting joint b
18、ehavior in a changing environment is evenmore difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a largerstructural joint than was used in the small specimen.4.6 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lapspecimen is not suitable for determining allowable designstresses for designing st
19、ructural joints that differ in any mannerfrom the joints tested without thorough analysis and under-standing of the joint and adhesive behaviors.4.7 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and select-ing adhesives or bonding processes for susceptibility to fatigueand environmental changes, but su
20、ch comparisons must bemade with great caution since different adhesives may responddifferently in different joints. See Guide D4896 for furtherdiscussion of the concepts relative to interpretation of adhesivebonded single lap joints.5. Apparatus5.1 Testing Machine, conforming to the requirements of
21、andhaving the capabilities of the machine prescribed in TestMethod D1002 and has an accuracy of 61 % when calibratedin accordance with Practices E4 requirements. Likewise thegrips are capable of securely grasping the specimen throughoutthe test without allowing the specimen to slip. The grips areals
22、o self-aligning.5.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity ControllingEquipment, capable of maintaining the test temperature to63C (65F) and the relative humidity to 63 %. If ambientlaboratory conditions are employed the same degree of controlis required.6. Test Specimen6.1 Make specimens that conform to
23、 the form and dimen-sions shown in Fig. 1. It is recommended that the testspecimens be cut from the test panel depicted in Fig. 2, butindividual specimens may be prepared if preferred. The rec-ommended metal substrate isAlloy 2024-T3 aluminum, 1.62 60.125 mm (0.064 6 0.005 in.). A surface treatment
24、such asMethod A of Guide D2651 is recommended for the aluminum.If a metal substrate other than aluminum is employed, then oneof the other surface preparations in Guide D2651 is suggested.The recommended length of overlap is 12.7 6 0.25 mm (0.5 60.01 in.). The thickness of the plastic in the metal/ad
25、hesive/plastic/adhesive/metal sandwich configuration may vary de-pending on the type and manufacturer but thin films of 0.354mm (0.010 in.) or less are recommended. An upper limit of1.62 mm (0.064 in.) plastic thickness is suggested.6.2 The surface preparation used on the adherend dependson the subj
26、ect plastic adherend. Methods such as those recom-mended in Practice D2093 serve as a useful guide.6.3 Apply the adhesive in accordance with the manufactur-ers recommendations. Choose the adhesive such that the curetemperature does not adversely affect the mechanical proper-ties of the adherend.6.4
27、Cut test specimens from the bonded panels pictured inFig. 2. Cutting the specimens must be accomplished withoutoverheating or otherwise physically damaging the adherend orbonded interface. Individual test specimens may also beprepared if desired.FIG. 1 Form ADimensions of Test SpecimenD3164 03 (2017
28、)27. Procedure7.1 Condition the test specimens for definite periods of timeunder specified conditions before testing if desired. Afterconditioning, it is recommended that all specimens be stabi-lized in the test environment for 1 h before testing.7.2 Place the test specimens in the grips of the test
29、ingmachine so that the applied load coincides with the long axis ofthe specimen. Load the specimen to failure at a rate of 8.3 to9.7 MPa (1200 to 1400 psi) of shear area per minute.NOTE 2The thickness of the plastic insert used will influence the jointstrengths obtained in this test due to the added
30、 offset. Thermal stressesintroduced in the joint by elevated temperatures bonding dissimilarmaterials will also offset ultimate joint strength. Direct comparison ofresults is possible only for the same thickness and composition of insert soas to minimize differences resulting from offset or thermal
31、stress.8. Calculations8.1 Calculate the bond area to the nearest 0.06 cm2(0.01in.2). Record both load at failure and type of failure (percentagecohesive and apparent failure in adhesion). Calculate failingstress as megapascals (or pounds-force per square inch) ofshear area. It should be noted that w
32、hile the results are given interms of the average shear stress, the maximum shear stressmay be far from this average and the cleavage stresses in thejoint may be even larger. See Guide D4896 for more detailedinformation.9. Report9.1 Report the following:9.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive
33、tested, includ-ing type, source, date manufactured, manufacturers codenumber, form, etc.9.1.2 Complete identification of the metal used, itsthickness, and method of cleaning and preparing its surfaceprior to bonding.9.1.3 Complete identification of the plastic used, itsthickness, and the method of c
34、leaning and preparing its surfaceprior to bonding.9.1.4 Method of adhesive application (brush, spray, rollercoat, tape, etc.), amount of applied adhesive, open-time,close-time, press pressure, and press-time.9.1.5 Ambient conditions at time of bonding (temperature,humidity, etc.).9.1.6 Length of ove
35、rlap used.9.1.7 Conditioning of joint prior to testing.9.1.8 Maximum, minimum, and average values of the fail-ing load.9.1.9 Number of specimens tested.9.1.10 Type of failure. This should include estimated per-centages of cohesive failure in the adhesive unbonded area,apparent failure in adhesion, a
36、nd failure in the adherend.9.1.11 Test temperature employed.9.1.12 The average thickness of adhesive layer after forma-tion of the joint shall be reported within 0.0127 mm (0.0005in.). The method of obtaining the thickness of the adhesivelayer shall be described including procedure, location ofmeasu
37、rements and range of measurements.FIG. 2 Standard Test PanelD3164 03 (2017)310. Precision and Bias10.1 A precision and bias statement does not exist for thistest method because resources necessary for round robintesting have not been forthcoming.11. Keywords11.1 adhesive bond; lap-shear; sandwich jo
38、int; shear; ten-sionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement
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