1、Designation: D 3210 95 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method forComparing Colors of Films from Water-Emulsion FloorPolishes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers comparing colors of films (orsolids) deposited from the emulsified particles in
3、water emul-sion floor polishes. It is based upon luminous reflectancemeasurements made with tristimulus colorimeters such as theHunter Color Difference Meter.21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standar
4、d does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
5、 Standards:3E 259 Practice for Preparation of Pressed Powder WhiteReflectance Factor Transfer Standards for Hemisphericaland Bi-Directional Geometries3. Terminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 whiteness indexa color measurement calculatedfrom the equation4WI 5 L 2 3b (1)where L and b are values measured dir
6、ectly with the ColorDifference Meter. L measures lightness, which is 100 forperfectly white and zero for black; and b measures yellownesswhen plus, blueness when minus, and zero for neutral gray orwhite. Conversion factors for instruments reading in X, Y, Zunits are:L 5 10=Yb5 7.0 Y 2 0.847 Z!/=Y (2
7、)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Reflectance measurements are made on exaggerated orheavy dried polish films produced by saturating white filterpaper. The color measurement is expressed as whiteness index.5. Significance and Use5.1 Whiteness index obtained from reflectance measure-ments on exaggerated
8、dried polish films on filter paper can beused as a measurement of the color of such films.5.2 Whiteness index may be useful in predicting the poten-tial discoloring effect of polish films on flooring substrates.5.3 Whiteness index should be useful in specifications whencolor comparisons are made wit
9、h a standard sample polish.6. Apparatus6.1 Tristimulus Colorimeter, which gives reflectance read-ings which in turn are converted by calculations to L, a, and bcolor scale values, or these color scale values may be readdirectly from an instrument that automatically makes thecalculations. Other appar
10、atus is satisfactory if equivalent re-sults are obtained.6.2 Filter Paper, medium flow rate, cut into strips 76.2 by152.4 mm (3 in. by 6 in.).6.3 Spring Clamp, approximately 76 mm (3 in.) wide, twoare required.NOTE 1The following instruments are believed to provide colordifference measurements suita
11、ble for use with this procedure:(1) Hunter Color Difference Meter.(2) Color Eye Colorimeter.(3) General Electric Recording Spectrophotometer.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D21 on Polishesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance TestsCurrent
12、 edition approved March 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 3210 95 (2002).2Hunter, R. S., “Photoelectric Color Difference Meter,” Journal of the OpticalSociety, Vol. 48, 1958, p. 985.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM we
13、bsite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Hunter, R. S., “Instruments and Test Methods for Control of Whiteness inTextile Mills,” American Dyestuff Rep
14、orter, Vol 56, No. 25, Dec. 4, 1967, pp. 8087.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.(4) Colormaster Differential Colorimeter.(5) Gardner Color Difference Meter.7. Reference Standards7.1 Primary StandardThe primary standard
15、for reflec-tance measurement is a layer of freshly prepared magnesiumoxide prepared in accordance with Recommended PracticeE 259.7.2 Instrument StandardBecause of the difficulty of pre-paring a primary reflectance standard, calibrated pieces ofpanels of white porcelain enamel or white glass known as
16、Vitrolite may be used as instrument standards.8. Test Specimen8.1 Fasten a 76.2 by 152.4 mm (3 in. by 6 in.) strip of filterpaper at each end with a spring clamp. Saturate the paper withthe polish to be tested by dipping the paper into a shallow traycontaining the polish. Remove the paper and allow
17、it to dry ina suspended, vertical position for 24 h at ambient conditions ofapproximately 24C (75F) and 50 % relative humidity. Detachthe spring clamps and store the filter paper in a clean, drycontainer until reflectance readings are taken. Prepare duplicatepaper strips for each polish to be tested
18、9. Procedure9.1 Calibrate and operate the instrument in accordance withinstructions supplied by the manufacturer.9.2 Obtain reflectance readings (Y and Z tristimulus values)or color readings, L and b, on the samples prepared in 8.1, butuse five thicknesses of white filter paper as backing for eachs
19、aturated paper specimen. Repeat until four sets of values havebeen obtained on each specimen.9.3 Obtain four sets of reference readings on the same stockor filter paper that has been handled similarly to the test papersamples, but which has not been treated with polish.10. Calculation10.1 Average ea
20、ch set of reflectance readings (Y and Z,orLand b values) obtained in Section 9.IfY and b were obtained,compute L and b using equations in 3.1.10.2 Calculate the whiteness index for each specimen from10.1 as follows:WI 5 L 2 3b (3)11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Whiteness index
21、 of the filter paper,11.1.2 Whiteness index of each specimen from 8.1, and11.1.3 Identification of the instrument used, includes manu-facturers model number and serial number.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Whiteness indices on duplicate samples should notvary more than two units. Average variations shou
22、ld be lessthan one unit.12.2 BiasThis test method has no bias because the valueof the whiteness index is defined only in terms of this testmethod.13. Keywords13.1 color films; floor polishes; water-emulsion floorpolishesASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent right
23、s asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any t
24、ime by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will
25、 receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM
26、 International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 3210 95 (2008)2
