1、Designation: D3359 092D3359 17Standard Test Methods forMeasuringRating Adhesion by Tape Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3359; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEFootnote 5 and 5.2 were corrected editorially in June 2010.2 NOTEFootnote 5 and 5.2 were corrected editorially and moved into Note 4 in 5.3 in
3、July 2010.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover procedures for assessing the adhesion of relatively ductile coating films to metallic substrates byapplying and removing pressure-sensitive tape over cuts made in the
4、 film.NOTE 1This test method has been reported being used to measure adhesion of organic coatings on soft substrates (for example, wood and plastic).Issues with plastic substrates are noted in Appendix X1.Asimilar test method, ISO 2409, permits tests on soft substrates (for example, wood and plaster
5、).Precision and bias data on the later is lacking. Test Methods D3359 was developed with metal as the substrate and, in the absence of supporting precisionand bias data, is so limited.1.2 Test Method A is primarily intended for use at job sitesin the field while Test Method B is more suitable for us
6、e in thelaboratory. laboratory or shop environments. Also, Test Method B is not considered suitable for films thicker than 5 mils(125m).125m (5 mils)NOTE 2Subject to agreement between the purchaser and the seller, Test Method B can be used for thicker films if wider spaced cuts areemployed.unless wi
7、der spaced cuts are employed and there is an explicit agreement between the purchaser and seller.1.3 These test methods are used to establishevaluate whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is at a generally adequatelevel.adequate for the users application. They do not distinguish between h
8、igher levels of adhesion for which more sophisticatedmethods of measurement are required.NOTE 3It should be recognized that differences in adherability of the coating surface can affect the results obtained with coatings having the sameinherent adhesion.1.4 This test method is similar in content (bu
9、t not technically equivalent) to ISO 2409.1.5 In multicoat systems adhesion failure may occur between coats so that the adhesion of the coating system to the substrateis not determined.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for infor
10、mation only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitationsprior to use.2. Reference
11、d Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related CoatingProductsD823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test PanelsD1000 Test Methods for Pr
12、essure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic ApplicationsD1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications a
13、nd are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.Current edition approved June 1, 2009Feb. 1, 2017. Published June 2009March 2017. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20082009 asD3359 08.D3359 092. DOI: 10.1520/D3359-09E0
14、2.10.1520/D3359-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standardsstandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM stan
15、dard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all case
16、s only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2092 Guide for
17、Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting (Withdrawn 2008)3D2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic CoatingsD3330/D3330M Test Method for Peel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive TapeD3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacqu
18、er, and Related Materials (Withdrawn2016)3D4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser2.2 Other Standard:ISO 2409 Paint and Varnishes Cross-cut test4PSTC 101 International Standard for Peel Adhesion of Pressure Sensitive Tape53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Ter
19、ms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 adhesion, nthe molecular attraction and mechanical bonds between a coating and its substrate.3.1.2 batch, nas it pertains to tape, a unique production run during manufacturing.3.1.3 blemish, nan obvious surface flaw, such as cracking or discoloration of the coating
20、.3.1.4 environmental conditions, nthe characteristics of the immediate surroundings during the tests, such as temperature, andrelative humidity.3.1.5 immersion conditions, nthe characteristics of the fluid to which the test specimen was exposed, such as type of fluid,temperature of fluid and duratio
21、n of immersion.3.1.6 lap, none complete turn of the tape on a roll; the outer exposed layer of tape.3.1.7 lattice pattern, none series of parallel lines intersected by another set of parallel lines that are at 90 to and centered onthe first set.3.1.8 mean, nthe classification rating that is obtained
22、 by adding together the digits of the classification ratings of the testsperformed and dividing by the number of tests, frequently rounded to the nearest whole number classification rating.3.1.9 pressure-sensitive tape, ntape with an adhesive that requires some degree of pressure, and only pressure,
23、 to adequatelybond to a surface.3.1.10 range, nthe span of classification ratings for a set of tests, from minimum classification rating to maximumclassification rating.3.1.11 solvent, na liquid agent capable of dissolving or dispersing contaminants from the surface of the coating or film.3.1.12 sub
24、strate, nthe structural foundation beneath the coating or film being tested.3.1.13 template, na thin, rigid plate containing evenly distributed, parallel slits for use as a guide in generating the latticepattern when accompanied by a single-blade cutting tool.3.1.14 test specimen, nthe object whose
25、coatings adhesion is of interest.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 Test Method AAn X-cut is made through the film to the substrate, pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the cut and thenremoved, and adhesion is assessed qualitatively on thea 0 to 5 scale.4.2 Test Method BA lattice pattern with either
26、six or eleven cuts in each direction is made inthrough the film to the substrate,pressure-sensitive tape is applied over the lattice pattern and then removed, and adhesion is evaluated by comparison withdescriptions and illustrations.assessed qualitatively on a 0 to 5 scale.4.2.1 Subject to agreemen
27、t between the purchaser and the seller, Test Method B can be used for films thicker than 125 m (5mils) if wider spaced cuts are employed.5. Significance and Use5.1 If In order for a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or decorating a substrate, it must adhere to it for the expectedservi
28、ce life. the coating must remain adhered to the substrate. Because the substrate and its surface preparation (or lack of it)thereof) have a drastic effect on the adhesion of coatings, a method to evaluate adhesion of a coating to different substrates orsurface treatments, or of different coatings to
29、 the same substrate and treatment, substrate, is of considerable usefulness in theindustry.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ans
30、i.org.5 Available from the Pressure Sensitive Tape Council (PSTC), 1833 Centre Point Circle, Suite 123, Naperville, IL 60563, http:/www.pstc.org.D3359 1725.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods and the specific limitation of this test method to This test method is limited toevaluating lower leve
31、ls of adhesion (see 1.3) should be recognized before using it. ). The intra- and inter-laboratory precision ofthis test method is similar to other widely-accepted teststest methods for coated substrates (for example, Test Method D2370 andTest Method D4060), but this is partly the result of it being
32、and is insensitive to all but large differences in adhesion. The limitedscale of Limiting the range of rankings from 0 to 5 was selected deliberately to avoid a false impression of being sensitive.reflectsthe inability of this test method to make fine distinctions between levels of adhesion. Users s
33、hall not use intermediate values forranking adhesion tests within this method.5.3 Extremes in temperatures or relative humidity may affect the adhesion of the tape or the coating.5.4 A given tape may not adhere equally well to different coatings due to several factors, including differences in coati
34、ngcomposition and topology. As such, no single tape is likely to be suitable for testing all coatings. Furthermore, these test methodsdo not give an absolute value for the force required for bond rupture, but serves only as an indicator that some minimum valuefor bond strength was met or exceeded (1
35、, 2).65.5 Operators performing these test methods must be trained and practiced in order to obtain consistent results. The accuracyand precision of the test result obtained by using these methods depends largely upon the skill of the operator and the operatorsability to perform the test in a consist
36、ent manner. Key steps that directly reflect the importance of operator skill include the angleand rate of tape removal and the visual assessment of the tested sample. It is not unexpected that different operators might obtaindifferent results (1, 2).5.6 The standard requires that the free end of the
37、 tape be removed rapidly at as close to a 180 angle as possible. When the peelangle and rate vary, the force required to remove the tape can change dramatically due to the rheological properties of the backingand adhesive. Variation in pull rate and peel angle can effect large differences in test va
38、lues and must be minimized to assurereproducibility (3).NOTE 1These test methods have been reported being used to measure adhesion of organic coatings on non-metallic substrates (for example, woodand plastic), although related precision and bias data is lacking. If testing coatings on non-metallic s
39、ubstrates, either Test Method A or Test Method Bmay be more appropriate and the method employed should be discussed by interested parties. Issues with plastic substrates are noted in Appendix X1.Asimilar test method, ISO 2409, permits tests on non-metallic substrates (for example, wood and plaster).
40、 Precision and bias data on the latter is lacking.Test Method D3359 was developed with metal as the substrate and, in the absence of supporting precision and bias data, is so limited.TEST METHOD AX-CUT TAPE TEST6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Cutting ToolSharp razor blade, scalpel, knife or other cutt
41、ing devices. It is of particular importance that the cutting edgesfine-edged cutting device. The cutting edges shall be in good condition.condition, preferably new or newly sharpened.6.2 Cutting GuideSteel or other hard metal straightedge to ensure straight cuts.6.3 Tape25-mm (1.0-in.) wide transpar
42、ent or semitransparent pressure-sensitive tape with an adhesion strength agreed uponby the supplier and the user is needed. Because of the variability in adhesion strength from batch-to-batch and with time, itadhesivepeel strength between 6.34 N/cm (58 oz/in.) and 7.00 N/cm (64 oz/in.), as tested in
43、 accordance withTest Method D3330/D3330Misessential that tape from the same batch be used when tests are to be run in different laboratories. If this is not possible the testmethod should be used only for ranking a series of test coatings., Test Method A, (equivalent to PSTC 101) and utilizing a 90s
44、econd dwell time on a standard steel panel.6.3.1 Other tapes may be used by agreement between the parties involved.6.3.2 Due to variability in adhesion strength from batch-to-batch and changes in adhesion properties of tapes over time, tapefrom the same batch shall be used when tests are to be run i
45、n different laboratories. When use of the same batch is not followedthe test method shall be used only for ranking a series of test coatings. Refer to X1.5 for additional informationNOTE 4Permacel P99 tape, previously identified as suitable for this purpose, was withdrawn from manufacture in July 20
46、09. Current supplies ofPermacel 99 on the market at this time have a shelf life that runs out in July 2010. Subcommittee D01.23 is assessing alternative tapes and a newinterlaboratory study is planned to take place in 2010. Alternative tapes with specifications similar to that of Permacel P99 tape a
47、re available. Users ofalternative tapes should check whether the alternative tapes give comparable results to the Permacel P99 tape. If more information is required about thetapes being evaluated in the D01.23 interlaboratory study, please contact the Committee D01 staff manager.6.4 Rubber Eraser, P
48、ressure Application Deviceon the end of a pencil.Although other devices may suffice, a rubber eraser orrubber roller is commonly used to ensure good and uniform wetting of the coating with the adhesive of the tape.6.5 IlluminationA light source is helpful in determining whether the cuts have been ma
49、de through the film to the substrate.7. Test Specimens7.1 When this test method is used in the field, the specimen is the coated structure or article on which the adhesion is to beevaluated.6 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this test method.D3359 1737.2 For laboratory use apply the materials to be tested to panels of the composition and surface conditions on which it is desiredto determine the adhesion.NOTE 2Applicable test panel description and surface preparation methods are given
