1、Designation: D3462/D3462M 10aD3462/D3462M 16Standard Specification forAsphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced withMineral Granules1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3462/D3462M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asphalt roofing in shingle form, composed of glass felt
3、 or felts impregnated and coated on bothsides with asphalt, and surfaced on the weather side with mineral granules. This specification is designed for the evaluation ofproducts as manufactured. The test methods, physical requirements, and minimum masses are to be measured immediately afterpackaging
4、or at a reasonable time, as agreed upon between buyer and seller, after manufacture and before installation. Physicaland performance requirements after application and during in-service use of the products described herein are beyond the scopeof this material specification.1.2 Shingles meeting this
5、specification are intended to be applied with a headlap of not less than 51 mm (2 in.).2 in.1.3 The shingles shall be supplied with a factory-applied self-sealing adhesive or be designed to be locked together duringinstallation of the shingles.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound u
6、nits are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat
7、pertains only to the test method described in this specification:This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicabi
8、lity of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D5D5/D5M Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous MaterialsD36D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)D228D228/D228M Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of Asphal
9、t Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Usedin Roofing and WaterproofingD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum MethodD3161D3161/D3161M Test Method for Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles
10、Steep Slope Roofing Products (Fan-InducedMethod)D4977D4977/D4977M Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Mineral Surfaced Roofing by AbrasionE108 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof CoveringsF1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes, and Staples3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For defi
11、nitions of terms, see Terminology D1079.3.1.2 For testing purposes, under Test Methods D228D228/D228M, glass felt shall be considered as felt.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on S
12、teepRoofing Products and Assemblies.Current edition approved July 1, 2010May 1, 2016. Published July 2010June 2016. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2010 asD3462 10.D3462/D3462M 10a. DOI: 10.1520/D3462_D3462M-10A.10.1520/D3462_D3462M-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, v
13、isit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM stan
14、dard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by AST
15、M is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The glass felt shall be a thin porous sheet composed predominately of fine glass fibers uniformly deposited in
16、 a nonwovenpattern. It is permitted to reinforce the glass felt with random or parallel-oriented glass yarns, or both, which are permitted to begathered or twisted, bonded or unbonded. The felt shall contain a substantially water-insoluble binding agent.4.2 In the process of manufacture, one or more
17、 thicknesses of glass felt shall be impregnated with an asphaltic material. Whenmore than one thickness of felt is used, the mats shall be adhered to each other with a continuous layer of asphaltic materialbetween adjacent felts. The nature of the asphaltic material and the thickness of the adhering
18、 layers shall ensure a firm bondbetween adjacent glass felts. The single felt or laminated felts shall then be coated on both sides with a hot asphaltic coating.4.3 The asphaltic material used to impregnate, laminate, and coat the glass felt, in any or all of these functions, is permitted tobe compo
19、unded with a mineral stabilizer. Glass fibers are permitted to be compounded with the asphalt in addition to, or insteadof, the mineral stabilizer.4.4 All surfaces to be exposed to the weather, when the product is properly installed, shall be surfaced with mineral granulesembedded in the asphalt coa
20、ting.4.5 The reverse side shall be covered with a suitable material such as pulverized sand, talc, or mica to prevent the shingles fromsticking together in the package.4.6 The shingles shall have a factory-applied adhesive that will seal the shingles together after application when activated byheat
21、and sunlight or be designed to be locked together during installation of the shingles.5. Physical Requirements5.1 Shingles shall not stick together in the package so as to cause damage upon being unpacked at ambient temperatures.5.2 The shingles shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table
22、1.5.3 Fire Test ClassificationShingles shall pass all of the Class A fire exposure test requirements of Test Method E108.5.4 Wind Resistance, Shingles shall pass the wind resistance test requirements of Test Method D3161D3161/D3161M.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass F
23、eltmax minBehavior on heating:Loss of volatile matter, % 1.5 . . .Sliding of granular surfacing, mm (in.) 2 (116) . . .Sliding of granular surfacing, mm in. 2 116 . . .Tear strength, g . . . 16.7 N (1700)Tear strength, g . . . 16.7 N 1700Fastener pull-through resistance at 23 2C (73 4F), newtons (lb
24、f)AFastener pull-through resistance at 23 2C 73 4F, newtons lbfAAverage of single-layer specimens . . . 90 (20)Average of single-layer specimens . . . 90 20Average of multi-layer specimens . . . 135 (30)Average of multi-layer specimens . . . 135 30Fastener pull-through resistance at 0 2C (32 4F), ne
25、wtons (lbf)AFastener pull-through resistance at 0 2C 32 4F, newtons lbfAAverage of single-layer specimens . . . 104 (23)Average of single-layer specimens . . . 104 23Average of multi-layer specimens . . . 180 (40)Average of multi-layer specimens . . . 180 40Wind resistance . . . Class AFire resistan
26、ce . . . Class APenetration of asphalt, 0.1 mmB (tested without mineral stabilizer) . . . 15Pliability at 23 2C (73 4F)Pliability at 23 2C 73 4FWeather side up machine direction . . . 4 of 5 shall passWeather side up cross direction . . . 4 of 5 shall passWeather side down machine direction . . . 4
27、of 5 shall passWeather side down cross direction . . . 4 of 5 shall passAsphalt softening point, C (F)B (tested without mineral stabilizer) 113 (235) 88 (190)Asphalt softening point, C FB (tested without mineral stabilizer) 113 235 88 190Asphalt softening point for polymer modified products, C (F)B
28、(tested without mineral stabilizer) 160 (320) 88Asphalt softening point for polymer modified products, C FB (tested without mineral stabilizer) 160 320 88Weight of displaced granules 1.0 g . . .A For purposes of fastener pull-through resistance testing, the designation of each specimen as a single-l
29、ayer or multi-layer shall be based on the number of layers throughwhich the nail is pulled.The average of those specimens designated as single-layer shall meet or exceed the minimum requirement associated with single-layer specimens.The average of those specimens designated as multi-layer shall meet
30、 or exceed the minimum requirement associated with multi-layer specimens.B The requirements are to be tested for by the manufacturer of the shingles. They cannot be determined on the finished product.D3462/D3462M 1626. Dimensions, Masses, and Permissible Variations6.1 The form and size of the shingl
31、es shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and seller.6.2 The shingles shall not vary in length or width by more than 3.2 mm (6618 in.) in. from nominal dimensions establishedfor each size, except that the length (long dimension) of shingles without cutouts shall not vary by more than 6.4 mm (6614i
32、n.).in.6.3 The shingles shall conform to the masses prescribed in Table 2.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The glass felt shall be uniformly encapsulated with asphalt and shall show no uncoated fibers.7.2 The weather surface shall be uniform in finish and may be embossed to simulate a grain
33、 texture. The mineral granules shallcover the entire surface and shall be firmly embedded in the asphalt coating. The granules may project into the mat to a limiteddegree. There shall be no damage to the mat by penetrating granules as determined after extraction.7.3 The finished shingles shall be fr
34、ee of visible defects such as holes, edges not cleanly cut, rents, cracks, or indentations.8. Sampling and Test Methods8.1 Sample the material in accordance with Test Methods D228D228/D228M and determine conformance to the requirementsof this specification in accordance with the following test metho
35、ds:8.1.1 Weight Loss and Behavior on HeatingTest Methods D228D228/D228M.8.1.2 Tear StrengthUse Test Method D1922 as modified in Test Method D228D228/D228M.8.1.3 Fire Test ClassificationTest Method E108, Class A tests.8.1.4 Wind ResistanceTest Method D3161.8.1.5 Penetration of AsphaltTest Method D5.8
36、.1.6 Asphalt Softening PointTest Method D36.8.1.7 Minimum Net Mass and Average Net MassTest Methods D228.8.1.8 Mass of Glass Mat, Asphalt, and Mineral MatterTest Methods D228.8.1.9 Weight of Displaced GranulesTest Method D4977.8.1.3 Fastener Pull-Through Resistance: ResistanceTest Methods D228/D228M
37、, with modifications shown in the followingsections, using a galvanized roofing nail 38 mm 112 in. long with 9.5 mm 38 in. diameter head (F1667 NL RF S Q -36 Z, seeSpecification F1667, Table 29).8.1.3.1 ScopeSignificance and UseThis test method measures the force required to pull a fastener head thr
38、ough a specimenof shingle material under defined conditions in a specified test apparatus. The test method provides a simple measurement ofcomplex mechanical effects which relate to the shinglesshingles resistance to wind.8.1.10.2 FastenersVarious fasteners appropriate for application of shingles sh
39、all be permitted in this test. A standardgalvanized roofing nail with 9.5-mm (38-in.) diameter head is used in the following procedure. The specific fastener used must bereported with the results, and if necessary, the orientation of any prominent geometric features with respect to the shingleorient
40、ation shall also be reported.NOTE 1When other fasteners, for example, staples, are used with this test procedure and apparatus, the effects of varying orientation of the staplecrown with the shingle orientation (lengthwise or at some angle to the length direction of the shingle), or the effects of t
41、he staple crown not being parallelto the shingle surface, will generally cause greater variability in the results than when using a roofing nail.TABLE 2 Masses of Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Feltmax minMinimum net mass per area of shingles (individual bundle), g/m2 (lb 100 ft2) . 3418 (70.0)Ave
42、rage net mass per area of shingles (total sample), g/m2 (lb 100 ft2) . 3564 (73.0)Mass per area of mat, g/m2 (lb 100 ft2) . 65.9 (1.35)Mass per area of asphalt, g/m2 (lb 100 ft2) . 732 (15.0)Mass per area of mineral matter passing a No. 6 (3.35-mm) sieve and retained on a No. 70 (212-m) sieve, g/m2
43、(lb 100 ft2) . 1221 (25.0)Mass percent of mineral matter passing a No. 70 (212-m) sieve based on the total asphalt and mineral matter passing the No.70 (212-m) sieve70.0 .TABLE 2 Masses of Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Feltmax minMinimum net mass per area of shingles (individual bundle), g/m2 lb
44、100 ft2 . 3418 70.0Average net mass per area of shingles (total sample), g/m2 lb 100 ft2 . 3564 73.0Mass per area of mat, g/m2 lb 100 ft2 . 65.9 1.35Mass per area of asphalt, g/m2 lb 100 ft2 . 732 15.0Mass per area of mineral matter passing a No. 6 3.35-mm sieve and retained on a No. 70 212-m sieve,
45、 g/m2 lb 100 ft2 . 1221 25.0Mass percent of mineral matter passing a No. 70 212-m sieve based on the total asphalt and mineral matter passing the No.70 212-m sieve70.0 .D3462/D3462M 1638.1.3.2 SpecimensSpecimens for Single-Layer ShinglesFor single-layer shingles, prepare ten specimens 98 6 3 mm (378
46、 618 in.) square for each sample or shingle material to be tested at each test condition. Each specimen shall be composed of a singlethickness of shingle. Specimens shall be permitted to include areas containing sealant (factory-applied adhesive) or release tape,or both, if this is expected to be in
47、 the nailing area when the shingles are applied in accordance with the manufacturers/sellersinstructions. If this is the case, then note it in the report since it could affect the result. For normal testing, the central area of thespecimen where the nail penetrates shall be typical of the single thi
48、ckness exposed area of the shingle under test. For shingles withtab cutouts, any specimen in which the cutout is visible through the opening in the plate (see 8.1.10.6(2) will have the effect ofincreasing the variability of the results.8.1.10.4 For multi-layer shingles, prepare ten specimens 98 6 3
49、mm (378 6 18 in.) square using the following procedure. Thesespecimens shall be cut from the manufacturers specified fastening position on the shingle. First determine the manufacturersspecific defined fastener placement position on the shingle. This may be found in the written instructions or by a drawing showingthe specific fastening points on the shingle wrapper. Once this position is determined, cut a 98 6 3
