1、Designation: D3498 18Standard Specification forAdhesives for Field-Gluing Wood Structural Panels(Plywood or Oriented Strand Board) to Wood Based FloorSystem Framing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3498; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers minimum performance stan-dards and test
3、 requirements for gap-filling construction adhe-sives for bonding wood structural panels consisting of plywoodor oriented strand board (OSB) to wood based floor systemframing, particularly dimension lumber or wood I-joists, at theconstruction site.1.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring
4、 thequality of the adhesives and is not intended as an applicationspecification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 T
5、he following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 11, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety, hea
6、lth, andenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Internatio
7、nal Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D572 Test Method for RubberDeterioration by Heat andOxygenD905 Test Method for Strength Properties of AdhesiveBonds in Shear by Comp
8、ression LoadingD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD4300 Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films toSupport or Resist the Growth of FungiD4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-ment of Wood and Wood-Based MaterialsD4444 Test Method for Laboratory Standardization andCalibration of Hand-Held
9、 Moisture MetersD4783 Test Methods for Resistance of Adhesive Prepara-tions in Container to Attack by Bacteria, Yeast, and FungiE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods2.2 Voluntary Product Standards:3PS1 Structu
10、ral PlywoodPS2 Performance Standard for Wood-Based Structural-UsePanels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Many terms in this specification are defined in Termi-nology D907.3.1.2 gap-filling adhesive, nan adhesive capable of form-ing and maintaining a bond between surfaces that are notclose-fitting.
11、3.1.2.1 DiscussionClose-fitting is relative to a given ma-terial and industry; for example, standards in constructiondiffer from standards in electronics. Some adhesives will bondby bridging without completely filling the gap; others by fillingthe gap completely.3.1.3 open assembly time, nthe time i
12、nterval betweenapplying adhesive on the substrates and closing them togetherbefore bonding.3.1.4 oriented strand board (OSB), na mat formed panelproduct with oriented layers resulting in directional properties.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the
13、 direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on ConstructionAdhesives.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originallyapproved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3498 03 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/D3498-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.
14、astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1
15、070, http:/www.nist.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for
16、 theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.5 plywood, na conventional all-veneer panel withalternate layers of veneer which are orientated perpendicular toeach other.3.1.6 wood-I joist
17、, na structural member manufacturedusing sawn or structural composite lumber flanges and struc-tural panel webs, bonded together with exterior exposureadhesives, forming an “I” cross-sectional shape.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification establishes test methods and perfor-mance requirements
18、for adhesives bonding plywood or OSB towood framing members.4.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring thequality of the adhesives.4.3 The tests provide shear strength performance data whenthe substrates are conditioned to simulate various conditionsthat may occur during sub-floor adhesive
19、 application andcuring.4.4 The tests are suitable for product performance certifica-tion and quality control programs, and can be useful to thegeneral public, adhesive manufacturers, distributors, specifiers,architects, contractors, testing laboratories and other businessesand professionals.4.5 The
20、results do not include all possible conditions, whichmay occur during final assembly, but indicate a set of perfor-mance characteristics for laboratory controlled bonding vari-ables.4.6 Successful testing compliance with plywood or OSBdoes not qualify the same adhesive formulation with the other.5.
21、Ordering Information5.1 The adhesive may be furnished by the manufacturer inany suitable form agreeable to the purchaser.6. Materials6.1 The adhesive shall be a gap-filling construction adhesivethat sets at ambient temperatures as low as 40F (4.4C).6.2 The adhesive shall not support mold or bacteria
22、l growth.If amylaceous or protein fillers and extenders are used in theadhesive formulation, the adhesive must not only pass theperformance requirements of this specification, but in addition,possess sufficient anti-fungal properties to inhibit the growth ofselected fungal species when tested in acc
23、ordance with TestMethods D4300 and selected bacterial species in accordancewith Test Methods D4783. The adhesive manufacturer shallnotify in writing the agency responsible for testing, certifying,and compliance labeling of the adhesive whether any suchmaterials are present in the adhesive.6.3 The ad
24、hesive, when completely set, shall form a resil-ient bond that shall be durable when protected from directexposure to the weather, as defined by the requirements of thisspecification.6.4 The adhesive shall be a uniform mixture suitable forextrusion by a caulking gun or other pressurized applicatione
25、quipment.6.5 The adhesive shall permit an open assembly time of notless than 10 min when applied to the lumber framing inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions. It shall befunctional, as defined in this specification, when applied tosurfaces having a temperature range from 0 to 100F (17.8 to
26、37.8C). Open assembly times less than 10 min, may be usedif agreed upon between the manufacturer and user, providedthe adhesive meets the requirements of Table 1.Table 1.6.6 The adhesive shall be functional when applied to lumberframing free of standing water, ice, or snow.7. Requirements7.1 The adh
27、esive shall conform to the strength and durabil-ity properties shown in Table 1.7.2 Performance of the adhesive for bonding plywood andOSB shall be evaluated separately.7.3 Adhesive bonding performance with both plywood andOSB shall meet the requirements specified in this standardprior to certificat
28、ion in accordance with Section 14.TABLE 1 Adhesive Strength and Durability RequirementsTest PropertyNumber ofSpecimensRequirement Section ReferenceTest A (wet lumber)Douglas-fir shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.2Southern pine shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.2Test B
29、 (frozen lumber)Douglas-fir shear strength 24 100 psi (0.689 MPa), min avg 11.2Southern pine shear strength 24 100 psi (0.689 MPa), min avg 11.2Test C (dry lumber)Douglas-fir shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.2GAP-fillingDouglas-fir shear strength 24 100 psi (0.689 MPa), min avg 11.3
30、Durability (moisture resistance)Douglas-fir delamination 24 a minimum of 22 of 24 specimens shall show nodelamination.11.4shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.4Durability (oxidation resistance) flexibility 3 no fracture of free film on mandrel bend or visiblesigns of melting after expos
31、ure11.5D3498 1828. Sampling8.1 A representative sample totaling not less than 1 qt (946cm3) of the adhesive shall be taken from each lot to be tested.8.2 For the purpose of sampling, a lot shall consist ofmaterial from the same batch or blending operation subject tothe same processing operations and
32、 conditions.9. Number of Tests9.1 The number of test specimens shall be as specified ineach test method designated in Section 11 and Table 1. Theaverage result for the specimens tested shall conform to therequirements prescribed in this specification.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 MaterialsUse the fol
33、lowing materials for the testsoutlined:10.1.1 Plywood58-in. or1932-in. (15.1-mm) thick, U.S.Product Standard PS-1 grade marked stamped, commercialplywood, Group 1 Species, exterior glue, or sanded exterior-grade plywood, underlayment type with A grade face ply forthe adhesion surface. The plywood mu
34、st be flat within116 in.(2 mm); that is, the maximum permissible bow for a 16-in.(406-mm) length of plywood shall be116 in. (2 mm). Make themeasurement across the top surface of the plywood. Usebowed plywood only if it meets the limitation above and if theconvexity occurs on the bottom surface that
35、will contact thelumber. The plywood must be free of patches, core voids, andknot holes in the glueline area.10.1.2 Oriented Strand Board (OSB)58-in. or1932-in.(15.1-mm) thick, U.S. Product Standard PS-2-grade markedstamped,. The OSB must be flat within116-in. (2 mm); that is,the maximum permissible
36、bow for a 16-in. (406-mm) length ofOSB shall be116 in. (2 mm). Make the measurement across thetop surface of the OSB. Use bowed OSB only if it meets thelimitation above and if the convexity occurs on the bottomsurface that will contact the lumber. The OSB must be free ofany defect that could interfe
37、re with bonding to lumber sub-strate. Unless the OSBs grade stamp requires otherwise, thepanel surface with the grade stamp shall be used for adhesion.No further surface modification or preparation is permitted.10.1.3 Lumber2-in. (51-mm) (nominal) Douglas-fir andsouthern pine; (Note 1) clear dry lum
38、ber (moisture content of8to15%)(Note 2). The surface shall be free of bark, knots,splits, and pitch.NOTE 1Only the sapwood of loblolly, slash, longleaf, and shortleafpine may be used.NOTE 2Test Method D4442 shall be used to determine moisturecontent.10.1.4 Adhesiveapplied as per the quantity and met
39、hodrecommended by the adhesive manufacturer to ensure fullcoverage of a 112-in. wide lumber surface. The dispensed beaddiameter used for test specimen preparation shall be stated inthe manufacturers application instructions as the minimumapplication for 112-in. wide floor system framing. See theprod
40、uct marking requirement in 15.2.5.10.2 Number of Test AssembliesPrepare three wood-adhesive composite test assemblies as shown in Fig. 1 for eachcondition specified.10.3 Conditioning of Materials:10.3.1 Cut lumber and plywood or OSB to the required sizeas shown in Fig. 1. If the lumber must be reduc
41、ed in height,retain at least one mill-finished surface as the surface to bebonded. If the lumber must be reduced in width to achieve amaximum 112-in. (38-mm) dimension, plane both sides inequal amounts.10.3.2 Predrill the plywood or OSB and lumber with a No.37 (diameter 0.104 in. (2.64 mm) to receiv
42、e nails as shown inFig. 1. Predrill the lumber to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm).10.3.3 Condition the adhesive at 70 6 5F (21.1 6 2.8C)for a period of 48 h prior to use.10.3.4 Condition the lumber and plywood or OSB in accor-dance with the schedules shown in Table 2, and the followingprocedures:10.3.4.1 R
43、un Test A (wet lumber) and Test B (frozenlumber) with both Douglas-fir and southern pine lumber.10.3.4.2 Before fabricating samples with wet lumber sur-faces (Test A), seal both ends of the lumber sections withparaffin. Completely submerge the lumber in water at 70 6 5F(21.1 6 2.8C) for 48 h for Dou
44、glas-fir, and for2hforTable of Dimensionsin. mmDimension Tolerance Dimension ToleranceA 153418 400 3B 512 . 140 .C 16 . 406 .D 1518 381 3E 1318 330 3F 118 25 3G 112 min116 38 min 2H 138116 33 2I 112 max116 38 max 2FIG. 1 Test AssemblyD3498 183southern pine.After submersion, wipe off visible surface
45、waterand expose the lumber for 48 h at 100 6 5F (37.8 6 2.8C),and 90 6 5 % relative humidity. At the completion of thehumidity cycle, submerge the lumber in water at 70 6 5F(21.1 + 2.8C) for 15 min. Wipe off visible surface water witha clean, dry cloth and immediately begin the fabricationprocedure
46、as outlined in 10.4.1.10.3.4.3 Seal lumber for test assemblies with frozen lumbersurfaces (Test B) at both ends with paraffin and submerge inwater as described in Table 2. After submersion, wipe offvisible surface water with a clean, dry cloth and store imme-diately at 0 6 5F (17.8 6 2.8C) for 48 h.
47、NOTE 3For safety, conditioning chambers should have no ignitionsources within the vapor space.10.4 Preparation of Shear Strength Specimens:10.4.1 Apply an adhesive bead along the center line of amill-finished surface of the lumber, such that the bead extendsfrom one predrilled hole to the other, but
48、 not beyond. Applysufficient adhesive to give 100 % coverage of the lumbersurface, as evidenced by a “squeeze-out.” If it is necessary toapply the adhesive outside of the lumber conditioning chamber,remove only one piece of lumber at a time, apply the adhesivebead, then condition the lumber with adh
49、esive applied for aminimum of 10 min and a maximum of 12 min in accordancewith Table 3.10.4.2 Before placing the plywood or OSB on the adhesive-covered surface, insert spacers,14 in. wide by 0.006 in. thickby 4 in. long (6 by 0.15 by 102 mm), at the midpoint of thelumber and at the outboard side of each nail, as shown in Fig.2. Before the spacer is inserted at the midpoint, scrape away a1-in. (25-mm) segment of the adhesive bead at the midpoint.Do not permit adhesive between the spacer and substrate.NOTE 4Aluminum embos
