1、Designation: D3498 181Standard Specification forAdhesives for Field-Gluing Wood Structural Panels(Plywood or Oriented Strand Board) to Wood Based FloorSystem Framing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3498; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTESection 10.5 was editorially corrected in April 2018.1. Scope1.1 This s
3、pecification covers minimum performance stan-dards and test requirements for gap-filling construction adhe-sives for bonding wood structural panels consisting of plywoodor oriented strand board (OSB) to wood based floor systemframing, particularly dimension lumber or wood I-joists, at theconstructio
4、n site.1.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring thequality of the adhesives and is not intended as an applicationspecification.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provide
5、d for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 11, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of th
6、e userof this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, andenvironmental practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in
7、the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D572 Test Method for RubberDeterioration by Heat andOxygenD905 Test Metho
8、d for Strength Properties of AdhesiveBonds in Shear by Compression LoadingD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD4300 Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films toSupport or Resist the Growth of FungiD4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-ment of Wood and Wood-Based MaterialsD4444 Test Method
9、 for Laboratory Standardization andCalibration of Hand-Held Moisture MetersD4783 Test Methods for Resistance of Adhesive Prepara-tions in Container to Attack by Bacteria, Yeast, and FungiE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inAS
10、TM Test Methods2.2 Voluntary Product Standards:3PS1 Structural PlywoodPS2 Performance Standard for Wood-Based Structural-UsePanels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Many terms in this specification are defined in Termi-nology D907.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14
11、onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on ConstructionAdhesives.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originallyapproved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3498 03 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/D3498-18E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, vis
12、it the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100Bureau Dr., Stop 1070,
13、 Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http:/www.nist.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the D
14、ecision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.2 gap-filling adhesive, nan adhesive capable of form-ing and maintaining a bond between surfaces that are notclose-f
15、itting.3.1.2.1 DiscussionClose-fitting is relative to a given ma-terial and industry; for example, standards in constructiondiffer from standards in electronics. Some adhesives will bondby bridging without completely filling the gap; others by fillingthe gap completely.3.1.3 open assembly time, nthe
16、 time interval betweenapplying adhesive on the substrates and closing them togetherbefore bonding.3.1.4 oriented strand board (OSB), na mat formed panelproduct with oriented layers resulting in directional properties.3.1.5 plywood, na conventional all-veneer panel withalternate layers of veneer whic
17、h are orientated perpendicular toeach other.3.1.6 wood-I joist, na structural member manufacturedusing sawn or structural composite lumber flanges and struc-tural panel webs, bonded together with exterior exposureadhesives, forming an “I” cross-sectional shape.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specifi
18、cation establishes test methods and perfor-mance requirements for adhesives bonding plywood or OSB towood framing members.4.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring thequality of the adhesives.4.3 The tests provide shear strength performance data whenthe substrates are conditioned to simul
19、ate various conditionsthat may occur during sub-floor adhesive application andcuring.4.4 The tests are suitable for product performance certifica-tion and quality control programs, and can be useful to thegeneral public, adhesive manufacturers, distributors, specifiers,architects, contractors, testi
20、ng laboratories and other businessesand professionals.4.5 The results do not include all possible conditions, whichmay occur during final assembly, but indicate a set of perfor-mance characteristics for laboratory controlled bonding vari-ables.4.6 Successful testing compliance with plywood or OSBdoe
21、s not qualify the same adhesive formulation with the other.5. Ordering Information5.1 The adhesive may be furnished by the manufacturer inany suitable form agreeable to the purchaser.6. Materials6.1 The adhesive shall be a gap-filling construction adhesivethat sets at ambient temperatures as low as
22、40F (4.4C).6.2 The adhesive shall not support mold or bacterial growth.If amylaceous or protein fillers and extenders are used in theadhesive formulation, the adhesive must not only pass theperformance requirements of this specification, but in addition,possess sufficient anti-fungal properties to i
23、nhibit the growth ofselected fungal species when tested in accordance with TestMethods D4300 and selected bacterial species in accordancewith Test Methods D4783. The adhesive manufacturer shallnotify in writing the agency responsible for testing, certifying,and compliance labeling of the adhesive wh
24、ether any suchmaterials are present in the adhesive.6.3 The adhesive, when completely set, shall form a resil-ient bond that shall be durable when protected from directexposure to the weather, as defined by the requirements of thisspecification.6.4 The adhesive shall be a uniform mixture suitable fo
25、rextrusion by a caulking gun or other pressurized applicationequipment.6.5 The adhesive shall permit an open assembly time of notless than 10 min when applied to the lumber framing inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions. It shall befunctional, as defined in this specification, when applied
26、 tosurfaces having a temperature range from 0 to 100F (17.8 to37.8C). Open assembly times less than 10 min, may be usedif agreed upon between the manufacturer and user, providedthe adhesive meets the requirements of Table 1.6.6 The adhesive shall be functional when applied to lumberframing free of s
27、tanding water, ice, or snow.TABLE 1 Adhesive Strength and Durability RequirementsTest PropertyNumber ofSpecimensRequirement Section ReferenceTest A (wet lumber)Douglas-fir shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.2Southern pine shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.2Test B (froz
28、en lumber)Douglas-fir shear strength 24 100 psi (0.689 MPa), min avg 11.2Southern pine shear strength 24 100 psi (0.689 MPa), min avg 11.2Test C (dry lumber)Douglas-fir shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.2GAP-fillingDouglas-fir shear strength 24 100 psi (0.689 MPa), min avg 11.3Durabi
29、lity (moisture resistance)Douglas-fir delamination 24 a minimum of 22 of 24 specimens shall show nodelamination.11.4shear strength 24 150 psi (1.035 MPa), min avg 11.4Durability (oxidation resistance) flexibility 3 no fracture of free film on mandrel bend or visiblesigns of melting after exposure11.
30、5D3498 18127. Requirements7.1 The adhesive shall conform to the strength and durabil-ity properties shown in Table 1.7.2 Performance of the adhesive for bonding plywood andOSB shall be evaluated separately.7.3 Adhesive bonding performance with both plywood andOSB shall meet the requirements specifie
31、d in this standardprior to certification in accordance with Section 14.8. Sampling8.1 A representative sample totaling not less than 1 qt (946cm3) of the adhesive shall be taken from each lot to be tested.8.2 For the purpose of sampling, a lot shall consist ofmaterial from the same batch or blending
32、 operation subject tothe same processing operations and conditions.9. Number of Tests9.1 The number of test specimens shall be as specified ineach test method designated in Section 11 and Table 1. Theaverage result for the specimens tested shall conform to therequirements prescribed in this specific
33、ation.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 MaterialsUse the following materials for the testsoutlined:10.1.1 Plywood58-in. or1932-in. (15.1-mm) thick, U.S.Product Standard PS-1 grade marked stamped, commercialplywood, Group 1 Species, exterior glue, or sanded exterior-grade plywood, underlayment type with A
34、 grade face ply forthe adhesion surface. The plywood must be flat within116 in.(2 mm); that is, the maximum permissible bow for a 16-in.(406-mm) length of plywood shall be116 in. (2 mm). Make themeasurement across the top surface of the plywood. Usebowed plywood only if it meets the limitation above
35、 and if theconvexity occurs on the bottom surface that will contact thelumber. The plywood must be free of patches, core voids, andknot holes in the glueline area.10.1.2 Oriented Strand Board (OSB)58-in. or1932-in.(15.1-mm) thick, U.S. Product Standard PS-2-grade markedstamped. The OSB must be flat
36、within116-in. (2 mm); that is,the maximum permissible bow for a 16-in. (406-mm) length ofOSB shall be116 in. (2 mm). Make the measurement across thetop surface of the OSB. Use bowed OSB only if it meets thelimitation above and if the convexity occurs on the bottomsurface that will contact the lumber
37、. The OSB must be free ofany defect that could interfere with bonding to lumber sub-strate. Unless the OSBs grade stamp requires otherwise, thepanel surface with the grade stamp shall be used for adhesion.No further surface modification or preparation is permitted.10.1.3 Lumber2-in. (51-mm) (nominal
38、) Douglas-fir andsouthern pine; (Note 1) clear dry lumber (moisture content of8to15%)(Note 2). The surface shall be free of bark, knots,splits, and pitch.NOTE 1Only the sapwood of loblolly, slash, longleaf, and shortleafpine may be used.NOTE 2Test Method D4442 shall be used to determine moisturecont
39、ent.10.1.4 Adhesiveapplied as per the quantity and methodrecommended by the adhesive manufacturer to ensure fullcoverage of a 112-in. wide lumber surface. The dispensed beaddiameter used for test specimen preparation shall be stated inthe manufacturers application instructions as the minimumapplicat
40、ion for 112-in. wide floor system framing. See theproduct marking requirement in 15.2.5.10.2 Number of Test AssembliesPrepare three wood-adhesive composite test assemblies as shown in Fig. 1 for eachcondition specified.10.3 Conditioning of Materials:10.3.1 Cut lumber and plywood or OSB to the requir
41、ed sizeas shown in Fig. 1. If the lumber must be reduced in height,retain at least one mill-finished surface as the surface to bebonded. If the lumber must be reduced in width to achieve amaximum 112-in. (38-mm) dimension, plane both sides inequal amounts.10.3.2 Predrill the plywood or OSB and lumbe
42、r with a No.37 (diameter 0.104 in. (2.64 mm) to receive nails as shown inFig. 1. Predrill the lumber to a depth of 1 in. (25 mm).Table of Dimensionsin. mmDimension Tolerance Dimension ToleranceA 153418 400 3B 512 . 140 .C 16 . 406 .D 1518 381 3E 1318 330 3F 118 25 3G 112 min116 38 min 2H 138116 33 2
43、I 112 max116 38 max 2FIG. 1 Test AssemblyD3498 181310.3.3 Condition the adhesive at 70 6 5F (21.1 6 2.8C)for a period of 48 h prior to use.10.3.4 Condition the lumber and plywood or OSB in accor-dance with the schedules shown in Table 2, and the followingprocedures:10.3.4.1 Run Test A (wet lumber) a
44、nd Test B (frozenlumber) with both Douglas-fir and southern pine lumber.10.3.4.2 Before fabricating samples with wet lumber sur-faces (Test A), seal both ends of the lumber sections withparaffin. Completely submerge the lumber in water at 70 6 5F(21.1 6 2.8C) for 48 h for Douglas-fir, and for 2 h fo
45、rsouthern pine.After submersion, wipe off visible surface waterand expose the lumber for 48 h at 100 6 5F (37.8 6 2.8C),and 90 6 5 % relative humidity. At the completion of thehumidity cycle, submerge the lumber in water at 70 6 5F(21.1 + 2.8C) for 15 min. Wipe off visible surface water witha clean,
46、 dry cloth and immediately begin the fabricationprocedure as outlined in 10.4.1.10.3.4.3 Seal lumber for test assemblies with frozen lumbersurfaces (Test B) at both ends with paraffin and submerge inwater as described in Table 2. After submersion, wipe offvisible surface water with a clean, dry clot
47、h and store imme-diately at 0 6 5F (17.8 6 2.8C) for 48 h.NOTE 3For safety, conditioning chambers should have no ignitionsources within the vapor space.10.4 Preparation of Shear Strength Specimens:10.4.1 Apply an adhesive bead along the center line of amill-finished surface of the lumber, such that
48、the bead extendsfrom one predrilled hole to the other, but not beyond. Applysufficient adhesive to give 100 % coverage of the lumbersurface, as evidenced by a “squeeze-out.” If it is necessary toapply the adhesive outside of the lumber conditioning chamber,remove only one piece of lumber at a time,
49、apply the adhesivebead, then condition the lumber with adhesive applied for aminimum of 10 min and a maximum of 12 min in accordancewith Table 3.10.4.2 Before placing the plywood or OSB on the adhesive-covered surface, insert spacers,14 in. wide by 0.006 in. thickby 4 in. long (6 by 0.15 by 102 mm), at the midpoint of thelumber and at the outboard side of each nail, as shown in Fig.2. Before the spacer is inserted at the midpoint, scrape away a1-in. (25-mm) segment of the adhesive bead at the midpoint.Do not permit
