1、Designation: D 3567 97 (Reapproved 2006)An American National StandardStandard Practice forDetermining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3567; the number immediately following the designation
2、 indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agenc
3、ies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers the determination of outside diam-eter, inside diameter, total wall thickness, reinforced wallthickness, liner thickness (where applicable), and length di-mensions of “fiberglass” (glass-fiber-reinforced thermosettingresin) pipe. Inc
4、luded are procedures for measuring tapereddimensions and taper angles for pipe intended to be joined bytapered socket fittings, and procedures for gaging internal andexternal threads.1.2 This practice also includes procedures for determiningdimensions for fiberglass pipe fittings.1.3 The values stat
5、ed in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are forinformation only.NOTE 1There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility o
6、f whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 4166 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness ofNonmagnetic Materials by Means of a Digita
7、l MagneticIntensity Instrument2.2 ANSI Standard:B 2.1 Pipe Threads (Except Dryseal)32.3 API Standard:API 5B Threading, Gaging, and Thread Inspection of Cas-ing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 deviation from straightness the maximu
8、m deviationfrom a straight line exhibited by a pipe specimen divided by thelength of the specimen.3.1.2 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glass-fiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin; the composite structure may containaggregate, granular, or platelet fi
9、llers, thixotropic agents, pig-ments, or dyes; thermoplastic or thermosetting liners or coat-ings may be included.3.1.3 laying length of fittingsthe actual increase in thelength of a line afforded by the fitting when installed.3.1.4 liner and exterior surface layer thicknessesthe innerand outer port
10、ions of the wall used to enhance chemical andwater resistance; they may have a different composition thanthe reinforced wall and the thicknesses of these internal andexternal surfaces may be measured when their boundary limitsare visually indentifiable and if they are each at least 0.005 in.(0.10 mm
11、) in thickness.3.1.5 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP)a fiber-glass pipe without aggregate.3.1.6 reinforced wall thicknessthe total wall thicknessminus the liner or exterior surface layer thickness, or both.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice provides for determining the physicaldimens
12、ions of fiberglass pipe and fittings. This practice issuitable for determination of dimensional compliance withproduct specifications.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Plastic PipingSystems a
13、nd Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Oct 15, 2006. Published Oct. 2006. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 3567 97.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book
14、of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Was
15、h-ington, DC 20005-4070, http:/api-ec.api.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Conditioning5.1 Test conditions for measurements shall be in accordanc
16、ewith appropriate product specification(s).6. Total Wall ThicknessPipe and Fittings6.1 ApparatusCalipers, optical comparators described inSection 7, ultrasonic thickness meters, or other gages such asthe digital magnetic intensity instrument described by TestMethod D 4166, with graduations of 0.01 i
17、n. (0.025 mm) orless that produces a thickness measuring accuracy of within5 %, may be used for measuring thicknesses of 0.20 in. (5.1mm) or greater. For thicknesses less than the above, use amicrometer or other gage with graduations of 0.001 in. (0.025mm) and an accuracy of within 5 %. Use a cylind
18、rical tubingmicrometer or spherical anvil micrometer with a radius endwhere the diameter of the pipe is small and a measuring errorof 5 % or less would be exceeded without its use.6.2 ProcedureMake a series of at least four readings atrandom selected locations, approximately equally spacedaround the
19、 circumference. The location of the measurementsshould be taken some distance in from the pipe ends if the endthickness would be expected to be greater than other regions ofthe pipe.NOTE 2Take care to ensure that the measurements are not made ateither a tapered or belled pipe end.NOTE 3Take care to
20、avoid misalignment of the anvil with thelongitudinal axis of the specimen when using cylindrical anvil microme-ters that may bridge specimen surface curvature or indentations and givefalsely high readings.6.3 CalculationCalculate the average total wall thicknessof the four or more thicknesses taken.
21、6.4 ReportThe report shall include the following:6.4.1 Observed minimum and maximum wall thickness, and6.4.2 Calculated average total wall thickness.7. Reinforced Wall Thickness and Liner ThicknessesPipe and Fittings7.1 SamplingWhen performed on finished pipe or fittings,this procedure will usually
22、destroy or damage the part. Whenthis procedure is to be used for quality control or sampling, itis intended for use on samples taken from the excess of thefabrication, such as the ends of pipe or fittings, or both. If theprocedure requires destructively testing the pipe or fittings, therequirements
23、shall be agreed upon between the buyer and theseller.7.2 ApparatusAn optical scale comparator witha7to10X magnification and having a reticle graduated as follows:7.2.1 For products with liner measurements less than 0.050in. (1.27 mm): 0.001-in. (0.025-mm) divisions or not more than10 % of liner thic
24、kness, whichever is smaller.7.2.2 For products with liner measurements 0.050 in. (1.27mm) or larger: 0.005-in. (0.13-mm) divisions or smaller.7.3 Procedure:7.3.1 Surface PreparationAt the desired cross section ofthe pipe or fitting, make a sawcut at right angles to the insidesurface. Remove burrs an
25、d sand the cut surface smooth, using200-grit (or finer) sandpaper. Thoroughly wash the sandedsurface with clean water to remove resin and glass dust, thenblot dry.7.3.2 Reinforced Wall and Liner ThicknessMeasure thecut surface of the pipe or fitting by setting a major scaledivision of the reticle at
26、 the apparent interface between theliner and reinforced wall. Make 6 measurements 60 apart asfollows:7.3.2.1 Read toward the outer surface of the pipe or fittingwall and observe the reinforced wall thickness.7.3.2.2 Read toward the inner surface of the pipe or fittingwall and observe the liner thick
27、ness.7.3.3 Surface Layer ThicknessIf the product specificationrequires surface layer measurement, set a major scale divisionat the apparent interface between the coating and the reinforcedwall. Make 6 measurements 60 apart by reading toward theouter surface of the pipe or fitting and observing the s
28、urfacelayer thickness.7.3.4 Nonreinforced Layers, within the reinforced wall orcombination reinforcement layers. If the product involvesunreinforced layers or multiple reinforcement layers of differ-ent types, the amount and type of measurements shall beagreed upon between the buyer and the seller.7
29、.3.4.1 The thickness of these layers shall be determined bysetting a major scale division of the reticle at the apparentinterface and reading toward the next apparent interface. Make6 measurements 60 apart.7.4 CalculationsCalculate the average reinforced wallthickness and liner thickness by averagin
30、g the values obtained.7.5 ReportThe report shall include the following:7.5.1 Observed minimum and maximum reinforced wallthickness,7.5.2 Calculated average reinforced wall thickness,7.5.3 Observed minimum and maximum liner thickness,7.5.4 Calculated average liner thickness, and7.5.5 Observations of
31、exterior surface layer, nonreinforcedlayers, or other reinforced layer measurements within thereinforced wall when measured.8. Average Outside Diameter MeasurementsNOTE 4The need for measurements and the location of the measure-ments should be evaluated since the outside surface of the pipe may notb
32、e smooth. Uneven surfaces or burrs will influence the accuracy of theoutside diameter measurements.8.1 ApparatusA circumferential vernier wrap tape shallbe used to determine the average outside diameter. The tapeshould be accurate to within 6 0.02 in. (6 0.4 mm) on thecircumference measured.8.2 Proc
33、edureIndividually measure and record the out-side diameter end-sealing surfaces or special OD controlsurfaces. Make the OD measurements near each end and atthree intermediate locations. Take the OD measurement byplacing the circumferential wrap tape around the pipe, makingsure it is at right angles
34、to the pipe axis. Average all fivereadings.8.2.1 Calculate the diameter as follows:D 5 COD/p (1)where:COD= average of the readings.D 3567 97 (2006)2NOTE 5For larger diameter piping, the weight of the piping maycause significant distortion. Take care in measurement and evaluation ofthe significance o
35、f this measurement. If significant product distortion dueto weight occurs, the pipe may be measured when in the vertical position.Alternatively, the diameter may be measured as a reference from themandril from which the pipe was made as follows:d 5 CM/p12 3 wall thickness! (2)where:CM= outside circu
36、mference of the mandril, in. (mm) and the wallthickness is as described in 6.3. The measurement intervalsare as described in 8.2.8.3 ReportWhen outside diameter measurements are ap-propriate, the report shall include the minimum, maximum, andaverage outside diameter.9. Out-of-Round Measurements9.1 A
37、pparatusA caliper, micrometer, or similar instru-ment capable of measuring the OD within 6 0.25 % ofnominal shall be used.9.2 ProcedureUsing a micrometer or vernier calipers,take a series of outside diameter measurements at intervalsspaced as in 8.2. Determine the maximum and minimumdiameter by thre
38、e measurements 120 apart at each interval.NOTE 6For large diameter piping, the weight of the piping may causesignificant distortion. Take care in measurement and evaluation of thesignificance of this measurement. If significant product distortion due toweight occurs, the pipe may be measured when in
39、 the vertical position.Alternatively, with the pipe in a horizontal position, measure the pipediameter both vertically and horizontally and then remeasured afterrotating the pipe 45. Calculate the difference between the horizontal andvertical measurements in each case. The difference will be the ave
40、rageout-of-roundness. The measurement intervals are as described in 9.2.9.3 CalculationsCalculate out-of-roundness as follows:9.3.1 Subtract the minimum outside diameter from theaverage outside diameter and subtract the average outsidediameter from the maximum.9.4 ReportThe report shall include the
41、following:9.4.1 The average plus tolerance (maximum outside diam-eter average outside diameter), and9.4.2 The average negative tolerance (average outside di-ameter minimum outside diameter).10. Inside Diameter10.1 Calculate the average inside diameter as follows:d 5 D 22ta(3)where:d = average inside
42、 diameter, in.,D = average outside diameter, in., as determined in Section8, andta= average total wall thickness, in., as determined inSection 6.11. Pipe Taper Angle Measurement11.1 ApparatusDepending on requirements and availabil-ity of equipment, the following apparatus may be used:11.1.1 For Proc
43、edure A:11.1.1.1 Telescoping Sleeve Gage, for checking conform-ance to a taper angle tolerance, accurate within6 0.001 in.(0.025 mm). For a given pipe size and tolerance specification,the inside diameter of the outer sleeve shall be 0.020 in. (0.51mm) below the minimum outside diameter of the pipe u
44、ndertest. The inside diameter of the inner sleeve shall be such thatwhen both sleeves are in place on the taper, the taper angle maybe calculated by measuring the spacing between the sleevesand relating the relative inside diameter differences of thesleeves.11.1.2 For Procedure B:11.1.2.1 Vernier Ca
45、lipers, accurate to within 0.001 in.(0.025 mm). These may also be used by comparing actualdifferences in diameter at specific distances on the taper.11.2 Procedure:11.2.1 Procedure ASeat the inner sleeve on the end of thetaper to ensure that it is parallel and concentric with the pipe.Then slide the
46、 outer sleeve forward as far as it will go. Measurethe distance between the two sleeves and calculate the taperangle accordingly.11.2.2 Procedure BScribe two circumferential marks onthe taper as far apart as possible, but at least14 in. (6 mm)from the small end of the taper. Measure the exact distan
47、cebetween these marks within 0.01 in. (0.25 mm). Using calipers,measure the actual outside diameter at each of the scribemarks. Make four measurements 45 apart.11.3 CalculationsUsing the actual diameters at the pointsmeasured and the distances between the points, calculate thetaper angle, a, as foll
48、ows:Sin a 5 D22 D1!/2 / L (4)where:D2= large diameter observed,D1= smaller diameter observed, andL = distance between the two diameters measured alongthe tapers.NOTE 7When measuring the distance between sleeve gages, use thetangent instead of the sine, but at angles less than 5 this difference is no
49、tsignificant.11.4 ReportThe report shall include the following:11.4.1 Apparatus used,11.4.2 Average D1,11.4.3 Average D2,11.4.4 The value of L, and11.4.5 Taper angle as calculated in 11.3, in terms of degreesto the nearest 0.1.12. Length of Pipe12.1 ApparatusA steel tape, with116-in. (1-mm) or finergraduations.12.2 ProcedureLay the pipe specimen on a flat surfaceand in a straight line. Observe the length within the nearest116in. (1 mm).12.3 ReportThe report shall include the length of eachspecimen measured.D 3567 97 (200
