1、Designation: D 3816/D 3816M 96 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Test Method forWater Penetration Rate of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3816/D 3816M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method
3、 provides one procedure for measuringthe water penetration rate of 2-in. or wider pressure-sensitivetape.1.2 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are tobe regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be equivalent; therefore, each system must beused independ
4、ently, without combining values in any way.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulato
5、ry limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD 3715/D 3715M Practice for Quality Assurance ofPressure-Sensitive TapesD 4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, orPackaging Components for TestingE 122 P
6、ractice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for aCharacteristic of a Lot or Process3. Terminoloy3.1 DefinitionsGeneral terms in this test method aredefined in Terminology D 996.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The pressure-sensitive tape to be tested is
7、secured by itsadhesive to a test cup containing a desiccant. The assembly isweighed, then reweighed following submersion under a speci-fied head of water for a specified period of time. The gain inweight is used to calculate the water penetration rate.5. Significance and Use5.1 The results of this t
8、est method will indicate the relativepermeability by water of the tape through its smallest dimen-sion (generally normal to the tapes backing).5.1.1 The pathway for the water parallel to the adhesive-cupinterface is great compared to the tapes thickness and the latteris usually the nearly exclusive
9、source of transmitted water.5.1.2 Some tape types allow a relatively free path in adirection normal to the backing or along backing pathwaysparallel to the adhesive-cup interface, allowing the adhesive tobecome the principal barrier.5.2 If the adhesive does not continue to adhere to the cupflange du
10、ring the exposure periods, allowing unintended path-ways for water to occur, the measurement should be consideredas not having been made. Consequently, the tape might beconsidered as being inappropriate for use on surfaces like thecup flange under moisture conditions approximating those ofthe test.N
11、OTE 1It may be that the interest is simply in the tape material as awater barrier. In this case how well the tape adheres to the cup flange maybe of little consequence and steps to prevent any edge effects are in order.These are referred to in Section 10.6. Apparatus6.1 Test Cups,3made from material
12、s that are nonhygro-scopic. The cup shall have a zero water vapor transmission rate(WVTR). The cups shall be rectangular with a flat, smooth,rigid flange and shall have the following dimensions:Flange:Outside50.8 by 152.4 6 0.5mm2.0by6.06 0.02 in.Inside (opening)25.4 by 101.6 6 0.5mm1.0by4.06 0.02 i
13、n.Body:Inside25.4 by 101.6 by 38.1 (depth) 6 0.5 mm 1.0 by 4.0 by 1.5 (depth)6 0.02 in.The mass shall not exceed 80 % of the balance capacity usedin weighing.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape
14、andLabels.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 3816 96 (2003).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of
15、 ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Chemsultants International, 9349 Hamilton Dr., Mentor, OH 440611118. If youare aware of alternative suppliers, please p
16、rovide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.2
17、Desiccant, calcium chloride, anhydrous, passing a No. 82.36-mm sieve.NOTE 2Regenerate calcium chloride to a sufficiently anhydrous stateby heating it for2hatapproximately 392F 200C.6.3 Water ContainerAny vessel allowing for sufficientwater depth to cover the test specimen assemblies with a25-mm 1.0-
18、in. head of water.6.4 Water, distilled or deionized, in sufficient quantity tosupply the water head within the container.6.5 Balance, accurate to 61 mg.6.6 Oven, air-circulating, maintained at 49 6 1C 12062F.7. Sampling7.1 Acceptance SamplingSampling shall be in accordancewith Practice D 3715/D 3715
19、M.7.2 Sampling for Other PurposesThe sampling and thenumber of test specimens depends on the purpose of thetesting. Practice E 122 is recommended. It is common to test atleast five specimens of a particular tape. Test specimens shouldbe taken from several rolls of tape and whenever possible,among se
20、veral production runs of a tape. Strong conclusionsabout a specific property of a tape cannot be based on testresults of a single unit (roll) of a product.8. Test Specimens8.1 Prepare three specimens for each sample or sample roll.8.2 Specimens shall be 50 minus 2.5 mm 2.0 minus 0.1 in.wide and 155
21、minus 2.5 mm 6.0 minus 0.2 in. long from thesample material.8.3 When the sample material is pressure-sensitive tapewound in roll form, unwind and discard at least three, but nomore than six, outer wraps of tape from the sample roll beforetaking specimens for testing.8.4 Remove specimens from a freel
22、y rotating roll at the rateof 500 to 750 mm 20 to 30 in./s. Where width or other factorscausing high adherence to backing make it impossible toremove the specimen at the prescribed rate, remove it at a rateas close to 500 mm 20 in./s as possible.9. Conditioning9.1 Weigh in the standard conditioning
23、atmosphere as de-scribed in Practice D 4332.10. Procedure10.1 Prepare each specimen assembly individually.10.2 Fill the test cup to within approximately 3 mm 18 in.of the opening with the anhydrous calcium chloride and makesure it will not come into contact with the adhesive of thespecimen.10.3 Appl
24、y the specimen to the flange, adhesive against it,allowing no bubbles or wrinkles. Use finger pressure to achievethis. When the sample material is larger than the specimendimension, trim it to the edges of the flange.10.3.1 When the adhesive is lacking or has insufficientbonding strength to the flan
25、ge to maintain a seal during theexposure period, and when the parties concerned are interestedexclusively in the barrier properties for pathways normal to thesurface of the tape backing, a sealing material such asaluminum foil-backed pressure-sensitive tape can provideassurance that only the 25.4 by
26、 101.6-mm 1.0 by 4.0-in. areaat the flange opening is exposed and all edges are sealed.10.4 Prepare the remaining assemblies in the same way asthe first.10.5 Heat the assemblies in the oven at 49C 120F for 30min.10.6 Cool at standard conditions (Section 9) for 30 min andweigh to the nearest 5 mg. Th
27、is will be W1for the equation inSection 11.10.7 Submerge the assemblies under 23 to 25 mm 0.9 to1.0 in. of water (6.4) at 23 6 2C 73.4 6 3.6F for 48 h.10.7.1 On removal from the water, use a lintless absorbentcloth or paper to remove visible water from the assemblies.10.8 Place the assemblies in the
28、 oven at 49C 120F for 30min.10.9 Cool at standard conditions (Section 9) for 30 min andweigh to the nearest 5 mg. This will be W2for the equation inSection 11.11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the water penetration rate (WPR) for eachspecimen in g/m2g/100 in.2 of tape area in 24 h to the nearest0.05 g a
29、s follows:WPR 5W22 W1! 2400T 3 A(1)where:W1= weight from 10.6,g,W2= weight from 10.9,g,T = time of exposure between W1and W2,h,andA = area of cup opening, 0.0028 m2 4 in.2.12. Report12.1 The report shall include the following:12.1.1 Statement that this test method was used. Indicateany deviations fr
30、om this test method as written.12.1.2 Whether the edges were sealed or unsealed.12.1.3 Manufacturers name and designation for the tape.12.1.4 Report the results found in Section 11 as the averageand the standard deviation. Report the number of samples.13. Precision and Bias413.1 Precision:13.1.1 An
31、interlaboratory evaluation of two types ofpressure-sensitive tape by four laboratories has been con-ducted. The following summary presents the standard devia-tions as percentages of the mean. These may be larger orsmaller for any particular tape type or any particular manufac-turer. Careful treatmen
32、t of outliers (individual extreme datum)may reduce the reported measures of precision.Residual (within roll and replication error) 110.9 %Between rolls (of one tape type) 18.7 %Between people (testers in one laboratory) 09.1 %Between laboratories 25.8 %4Supporting data are available from ASTM Headqu
33、arters. Request RR: D10-1002, Report 2.D 3816/D 3816M 96 (2007)213.1.2 These may be combined in several ways to obtain thedesired estimate of precision. Since the repeatability (within-laboratory replication error) can be determined by a laboratoryfor a particular tape, this information can be used
34、with thereported information to obtain more meaningful estimates ofprecision.13.2 BiasNo measure of bias is possible with this testmethod because an accepted reference or referee value is notavailable.14. Keywords14.1 pressure-sensitive tape; water penetration rateASTM International takes no positio
35、n respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
36、This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM I
37、nternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address sho
38、wn below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 3816/D 3816M 96 (2007)3
