1、Designation: D 3840 01 (Reapproved 2005)An American National StandardStandard Specification for“Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3840; the number immediately following the designat
2、ion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers fiberg
3、lass pipe fittings in-tended for use in gravity flow systems for conveying sanitarysewage, storm water, and those industrial wastes for which thefittings are determined to be suitable. Elbows, tees, laterals,crosses, reducers, and adapters are included. Both glass-fiber-reinforced and thermosetting-
4、resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced ploymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglasspipes.NOTE 1For the purposes of this standard, ploymer does not includenatural polymers.1.2 This specification is intended to cover only dimensions,material properties, and workmanship rather than the structuraldes
5、ign of the fittings. The structural design of the fittings shallbe as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier and shouldtake into consideration the anticipated conditions of installationand service.1.3 This specification covers only fittings fabricated fromcut sections of pipe, or from a combinat
6、ion of pipe sections andcontact molded (hand layup), or machine fabricated compo-nents.1.4 The values given in parentheses are provided for infor-mation purposes only.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 11, of this specification. Thisstandard does
7、 not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.NOTE 2There is no similar or equivalent
8、 ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1763 Specification for Epoxy ResinsD 2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of
9、Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe by Split Disk MethodD 3262 Specification for “Fiberglass (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Sewer PipeD 3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of Fiberglass(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe andFittingsD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packin
10、g of PlasticsF 412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF 477 Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) forJoining Plastic Pipe3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nologies D 883 and F 412. Abbreviations are in accordancewith Terminology D
11、1600, unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glassfiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin. The composite structure may containaggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotrop
12、ic agents, pig-ments or dyes. Thermoplastic or thermosetting liners or coat-ings may be included.3.2.2 reinforced polymer mortar pipea fiberglass pipewith aggregate.3.2.3 reinforced thermosetting resin pipea fiberglass pipewithout aggregate.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commi
13、ttee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on ReinforcedPlastic Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 3840 01. Thisspecification re
14、places Specification D 4160.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section ap
15、pears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.4 qualificationOne or more tests used to prove thedesign of a product. Not a routine quality control test.NOTE 3Qualification requirements appear in
16、 6.1, 7.2, and 12.3.4. Materials4.1 Laminating Resin:4.1.1 Type 1Polyester thermosetting resin, with or with-out fillers or thixotropic agents or both.NOTE 4For the purpose of this standard, polyester includes vinyl esterresins.4.1.2 Type 2Epoxy resin, conforming to the requirementsof Specification
17、D 1763, with or without fillers or thixotropicagents, or both.4.2 Reinforcement:4.2.1 Grade 1 A commercial grade of glass fibers with apolyester-compatible finish.4.2.2 Grade 2A commercial grade of glass fibers with anepoxy-compatible finish.4.3 GasketsThe elastomeric gaskets used with the fittingsj
18、oined to pipe shall conform to the requirements of Specifica-tion F 477.5. Fabrication5.1 Permissible Components:5.1.1 Fittings covered under this specification shall befabricated from cut section of pipe that conform to therequirements of Specification D 3262, or from a combinationof such pipe sect
19、ions and contact molded (hand layup) ormachine fabricated components.5.1.2 Saddles, wrappers, necked flanges, and other compo-nents of metal or other dissimilar materials may be incorpo-rated as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier, providedthe materials of such components are resistant to the
20、 corrosiveeffects of the internal and external environments anticipated inservice, or are lined or coated or both with materials thatprovide equivalent protection.5.2 Bonding and Laminate Overlay Reinforcements:5.2.1 Sections of the fitting shall be aligned and bondedtogether using polyester (Type 1
21、) or epoxy (Type 2) resinmaterials with or without fiberglass reinforcement. Fiberglassreinforcement materials shall be compatible with the laminat-ing resin; Grade 1 reinforcements shall be used with Type 1laminating resin, and Grade 2 reinforcements shall be usedwith Type 2 laminating resin.5.2.2
22、Laminated reinforcing overlays of bonded seams maybe applied to either the outside or inside surface of the fitting,or to both inside and outside surfaces. The laminate shall be ofchemically resistant construction suitable for the purpose andshall provide the additional strength necessary to meet th
23、eTABLE 1 Minimum Properties of Structural LaminatesNominal Diameter, in. (mm) Minimum Hoop TensileStrength, lbf/in. (kN/m) ofwidthAMinimum Axial TensileStrength, lbf/in. (kN/m)of circumferenceAMinimum Total Width ofOverlay, in. (mm)B8 (203) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)10 (254) 1600 (280) 1600 (280)
24、 4 (100)12 (305) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)14 (356) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)15 (381) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)16 (406) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)18 (457) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)20 (508) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)21 (533) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)24 (610) 1600 (280) 1600 (
25、280) 4 (100)27 (686) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)30 (762) 1600 (280) 1600 (280) 4 (100)33 (838) 1700 (300) 1700 (300) 6 (150)36 (914) 1800 (315) 1800 (315) 6 (150)39 (991) 2000 (350) 2000 (350) 6 (150)42 (1067) 2100 (368) 2100 (368) 6 (150)45 (1143) 2300 (403) 2300 (403) 6 (150)48 (1219) 2400 (420)
26、 2400 (420) 8 (200)51 (1295) 2600 (455) 2600 (455) 8 (200)54 (1372) 2700 (473) 2700 (473) 8 (200)60 (1524) 3000 (525) 3000 (525) 8 (200)66 (1676) 3300 (578) 3300 (578) 10 (250)72 (1829) 3600 (630) 3600 (630) 10 (250)78 (1981) 3900 (683) 3900 (683) 10 (250)84 (2134) 4200 (736) 4200 (736) 12 (300)90 (
27、2286) 4500 (788) 4500 (788) 12 (300)96 (2438) 4800 (841) 4800 (841) 14 (350)102 (2591) 5100 (893) 5100 (893) 16 (400)108 (2743) 5400 (946) 5400 (946) 16 (400)114 (2896) 5700 (998) 5700 (998) 16 (400)120 (3048) 6000 (1051) 6000 (1051) 16 (400)132 (3353) 6600 (1156) 6600 (1156) 18 (450)144 (3658) 7200
28、 (1261) 7200 (1261) 20 (500)AThe values given are minimums only. Sound engineering practice dictates that all fittings be designed to withstand the loads and conditions anticipated in the servicefor which they are intended.BThe dimensions given are minimums for“ butt-and-strap type joints.D 3840 01
29、(2005)2physical requirements shown in Table 1. Finished seam over-lays shall be built up in two or more successive layers ofreinforcement and shall be as crevice free as described in thisparagraph and 5.2.3. The width of the first layer shall be 2 in.(50 mm) minimum. Successive layers shall increase
30、 uniformlyin width to provide the specified minimum total width ofoverlay that shall be centered on the seam. Table 1 showsminimum widths of overlays required. The ends of each layerof reinforcement shall be overlapped a minimum of 1 in. (25mm). Crevices between joined sections shall be filled with
31、afilled resin paste, leaving a smooth inner surface. The interiorof the seams shall also be sealed by covering with not less thana 0.03 in. (0.76 mm) thickness of reinforced resin-rich surfacethat provides corrosion resistance suitable for the intendedservice. Alternatively, when it is necessary to
32、fabricate a fittingwhere the size and configuration do not allow adequate accessto interior seams, the cut edges of sections shall be sealed priorto assembly and any reinforcing overlay protected by aresin-rich surface that provides corrosion resistance suitable forthe intended service.5.2.3 Compone
33、nts of dissimilar materials, such as steel topolyester or epoxy laminates, or polyester to epoxy laminates,shall be bonded with a resin compound capable of adhering toboth materials. The resin compound shall contact the joiningsurfaces of both components with the spaces between thecomponents filled.
34、 The excess resin compound that extrudesfrom the seam shall be removed, leaving a smooth fillet.Sealing laminates and reinforcing overlays shall be appliedwhere required (see 5.1.1, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2).6. Joints6.1 The fitting joints shall be coupling or bell-and-spigot inaccordance with the joint req
35、uirements of SpecificationD 3262, unless otherwise specified. Joint designs may bequalified on straight sections of pipe.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Properties of structural laminates, used either as seamreinforcing overlays or as contact molded or machine fabri-cated components, other than cut sect
36、ions of pipe, shall be asshown in Table 1, when tested in accordance with 11.1.7.2 Shear StrengthThe minimum shear strength of seamreinforcing overlays shall be 500 psi (3.45 MPa) when tested inaccordance with 11.2.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness of any a
37、rea of thefitting furnished under this specification shall not at any pointbe less than 87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness published inthe manufacturers literature current at the time of purchasewhen measured in accordance with 11.3.1.8.2 Fitting DiametersFittings shall be supplied in nomi-nal dia
38、meters as given in Specification D 3262. The fittingdiameter tolerances shall be as given in Specification D 3262,when measured in accordance with 11.3.2.8.3 LengthsThe tolerance for the laying length and othersignificant dimensions shall be 62 in. (651 mm) or 61%ofthe dimension, whichever is greate
39、r. See Tables 2-6 and Figs.1 and 2 for typical minimum laying lengths.8.4 Angular DimensionsAngular dimensions shall have atolerance of 61 when measured in accordance with 11.3.4.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The inside surfaces of each fitting shall blend smoothlyand shall be free of bu
40、lges, dents, ridges, or other irregularitiesthat result in a variation of more than18 in. (3.2 mm) from thatobtained on adjacent portions of the surface.NOTE 5This requirement is concerned with roughness and wavinessand does not apply to diameter tolerances or thickness of internal seamreinforcement
41、 if present. See 8.2 for inside diameter tolerances, includinginternal reinforcement.9.2 Joint sealing surfaces shall be free of dents, gouges,cracks, and other surface imperfections that will affect theintegrity of the joints.9.3 The inner surface of each reinforced plastic fittingcomponent and con
42、necting seam shall be composed of resinwith or without reinforcement, aggregate, or filler. No glassfiber-reinforcement shall penetrate the interior surface of thefitting wall.TABLE 2 0 to 30 ElbowAPipe Size, in. (mm) Dimension AB, in. (mm)8 (203) 12 (305)10 (254) 13 (330)12 (305) 13 (330)14 (356) 1
43、4 (356)15 (381) 14 (356)16 (406) 15 (381)18 (457) 15 (381)20 (508) 16 (406)21 (533) 16 (406)24 (610) 17 (432)27 (686) 17 (432)30 (762) 18 (457)33 (838) 18 (457)36 (914) 20 (508)39 (991) 21 (533)42 (1067) 22 (559)45 (1143) 23 (584)48 (1219) 24 (610)54 (1372) 25 (635)60 (1524) 26 (660)66 (1676) 29 (73
44、7)72 (1829) 29 (737)78 (1981) 30 (762)84 (2134) 34 (864)90 (2286) 36 (914)96 (2438) 38 (965)102 (2591) 39 (991)108 (2743) 41 (1041)AFitting end configurations other than the typical bell and spigot shown in thefigure are acceptable as agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser. Referto Section 6
45、.BDimensions given are typical minimum laying lengths. Laying lengths forfittings larger than 108 in. diameter shall be as agreed upon between purchaserand supplier.D 3840 01 (2005)39.4 Internal and external reinforcements shall be free ofvoids, dry spots, cracks, and crazing. Some waviness in thein
46、ternal reinforcement is permissible so long as the surface issmooth. Unless otherwise agreed upon between purchaser andsupplier, all fittings shall meet the visual and repair criteria ofTables 7 and 8.9.5 Fittings shall show good workmanship, including uni-formity from item to item.10. Sampling10.1
47、LotUnless otherwise agreed upon between purchaserand supplier, one lot shall consist of 100 fittings of each type,grade, and construction of laminate overlay reinforcement, orcontact molded or machine fabricated component, or both.10.2 Unit SampleSelect one fitting from each lot. Preparea sample or
48、representative laminate and test specimens todetermine conformance with the requirements of 7.1 forultimate tensile strength.11. Test Methods11.1 Ultimate Tensile StrengthDetermine the ultimate ten-sile strength of sample laminate specimens cut from seamreinforcing overlays or contact molded or mach
49、ine fabricatedcomponents, or from specimens of a laminate fabricated to beconsistent in every way with the construction used in thereinforcing overlay or component of the fitting. One or both ofthe following test methods shall be employed at the manufac-turers option:11.1.1 Test Method D 2290, using Type B specimens, exceptthat the size of the specimens may be modified and speed oftesting and rate of crosshead motion shall not apply. Record theload to fail of each specimen and determine the specimen widthas close to the break as possible. Use the me
