1、Designation: D3930 08 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forAdhesives for Wood-Based Materials for Construction ofManufactured Homes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3930; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、 of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification provides a standard for measuring and evaluating the performance of adhes
3、ivesthat will be used in joints of wood-based materials in constructing manufactured homes. Thisspecification has two parts: Part I contains the requirements necessary for an adhesive to conform tothis specification; and Part II provides test methods by which the performance of the adhesives willbe
4、measured. A classification system is provided that groups adhesives according to resistance todeformation under load, resistance to moisture, and gap-filling ability. Minimum test values have beenspecified for certain properties of durability, while other property requirements are left open-ended.Th
5、e test methods used to obtain these values reflect adverse exposure and stress conditions that existduring the construction, transit, and use of manufactured homes. By using values published from theseprescribed test methods, the design engineer can select an adhesive that best meets the requirement
6、sof a specific adhesive application.The test methods used in this specification were developed predominantly from existing ASTMstandards, while others came from standards that have been generally accepted for years. Some testmethods were more recently developed. In most instances, only parts of thes
7、e standards have beenused in this specification. Since no precision and bias statements are available from the original testmethods, none can be made for this specification at this time.PART I REQUIREMENTS1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the means to measure andevaluate the performance of adh
8、esives for structural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes.Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood,particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does notcover other adhesives used in manuf
9、actured homes such asadhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plasticlaminates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural appli-cations.1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in thefollowing tests:Number Test Section1 Low Temperature 162 Dry Lumber 173 Gap-Filling 184 High
10、Temperature 195 Type 3 Qualification 206 Type 2 Qualification 217 Aging, Film Oxidation 228 Aging, Bond Oxidation 239 Resistance to Deformation, Creep 2410 Mold 2511 Type 1 Qualification 261.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are ma
11、thematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and
12、health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on ConstructionAdhesives.Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published
13、April 2015. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3930 08. DOI:10.1520/D3930-08R15.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A269 Specification for Seam
14、less and Welded AusteniticStainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA376/A376M Specification for Seamless Austenitic SteelPipe for High-Temperature ServiceD9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-uctsD905 Test Method for Strength Properties of AdhesiveBonds in Shear by Compression Loading
15、D907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D1165 Nomenclature of Commercial Hardwoods and Soft-woodsD2294 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives inShear by Tension Loading
16、 (Metal-to-Metal)D2339 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives inTwo-Ply Wood Construction in Shear by Tension LoadingD3110 Specification for Adhesives Used in Laminate Jointsfor Nonstructural Glued Lumber Products (Withdrawn1996)3D3632 Test Method for Accelerated Aging of AdhesiveJoints by
17、 the Oxygen-Pressure MethodD3931 Test Method for Determining Strength of Gap-FillingAdhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression LoadingD4300 Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films toSupport or Resist the Growth of FungiE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE41 Terminology Relating T
18、o Conditioning3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Many terms in this specification are defined in Termi-nology D907.3.1.2 creep, nin an adhesive, the time-dependent increasein strain resulting from a sustained stress.3.1.3 gap-filling adhesive, nan adhesive capable of form-ing and maintaining a bond
19、 between surfaces that are notclose-fitting.3.1.3.1 DiscussionClose fitting is relative to a givenmaterial and industry; for example, standards in constructiondiffer from standards in electronics. Some adhesives will bondby bridging without completely filling the gap; others by fillingthe gap comple
20、tely.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 manufactured home4a structure, transportable inone or more sections which in the traveling mode is 8 body feetor more in width or 40 body feet or more in length or whenerected on site, is 320 or more square feet and which is built ona per
21、manent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling withor without a permanent foundation when connected to therequired utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. Calcu-lations used to determine the number of square feet in astructure
22、will be based on the structures exterior dimensionsmeasured at the largest horizontal projections when erected onsite. These dimensions will include all expandable rooms, baywindows, cabinets, and other projections containing interiorspace.3.2.2 semi-structural adhesivean adhesive capable oftransfer
23、ring required loads between adherends and whichdeforms a maximum of 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) under static loadwhen tested in accordance with Test 9, Section 24.3.2.3 structural adhesivean adhesive capable of transfer-ring required loads between adherends and which deforms amaximum of 0.006 in. (0.15 mm)
24、under static load when testedin accordance with Test 9, Section 24.3.2.4 total deformationthe total dimensional change withtime of a material under constant load, and consisting of theinitial instantaneous elastic or rapid deformation and the slowertime dependent deformation or creep.3.2.5 Type 1 ad
25、hesivean adhesive that will retain its bondintegrity when the joint is repeatedly wetted and dried.3.2.6 Type 2 adhesivean adhesive intended for use inprotected locations but that will maintain its bond integritywhen the bond is subjected to occasional wetting.3.2.7 Type 3 adhesivean adhesive intend
26、ed for use ininterior locations, but that will maintain its bond integrityduring conditions of high humidity.NOTE 1The following ASTM standards may be referred to for otherterms used in this specification: D9, Terms Relating to Timber; D907,Terms Relating to Adhesives; D1165, Nomenclature of Domesti
27、c Hard-woods and Softwoods; E6, Terms Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting; and E41, Terms Relating to Conditioning.4. Classification4.1 Adhesives shall be classified as follows (see Table 1):4.1.1 By resistance to deformation as:4.1.1.1 Group A, Structural; or Group B, Semistructural,4.1.2 By r
28、esistance to water and water vapor as:4.1.2.1 Type 1, Type 2, or Type 3, and4.1.3 By gap-filling ability.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standar
29、ds Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4This definition conforms to that of the U.S. Department of Housing and UrbanDevelopment (Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of1974 as amended in pr
30、oposed rules in the Federal Register, Vol 48, No. 152, Aug.7, 1981, pp. 40498 to 40500).TABLE 1 Tests Required for Group A (Structural), and Group B(Semi-Structural) AdhesivesType Recommended UseTests Required(Test Number)1Ainterior-exterior 1, 2, 4, 7 (or 8), 9, 10, 11B2Ainterior-weather protected
31、1, 2, 4, 6, 7 (or 8), 9, 103Ainterior 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 (or 8), 9, 10ATo qualify as G/F (gap-filling), adhesives must be tested by Test 3, Section 18.BThe exposure and testing conditions for the cyclic-boil and vacuum-pressuretests, described in the Exposure Conditions and Treatments section of Specific
32、a-tion D3110, shall apply to Test 11.D3930 08 (2015)24.1.3.1 Those adhesives tested in accordance with Test 3,Section 18, shall carry the designation G/F.5. Significance and Use5.1 Shear StrengthThis specification requires determiningultimate shear strength of adhesive bonds under a variety ofcondit
33、ions of assembly and service.5.2 Gap-Filling AbilityGap-filling adhesives must be ca-pable of maintaining a bond between construction memberswhose faying surfaces are not closely matched. The gap-fillingability and shear strength are determined for116-in. (1.6-mm)gap between members. The adhesive ma
34、nufacturer may qualifylarger gap-filling abilities, provided the adhesive is tested andshear values are provided for the greater dimension.5.3 Total Deformation ResistanceThe total deformation ofan adhesive under static load is used to establish the structuralgrouping for the adhesive. The adhesive
35、manufacturer deter-mines the maximum shear stress below which the adhesive willperform structurally and semi-structurally in accordance withthe description of terms used in this specification, and alsoreports the stress used for testing the adhesive. To ensure thatthe total deformation is approachin
36、g a zero rate of increase, nomore than 25 % of the deformation is allowed to occur duringthe last half of the test period.5.4 Moisture and Temperature Limitations DuringFabricationAdhesives may be used under a wide variety ofmoisture and temperature conditions. To ensure reliable per-formance under
37、test conditions, adhesive shear strength isdetermined for specified adverse moisture and temperatureconditions.5.5 High- and Low-Temperature ResistanceThe adhesiveis tested at high and low temperatures to determine whetherextremes in temperature would cause problems in bonding.5.6 Moisture Resistanc
38、eThe adhesive is tested at threelevels of exposure. Adhesive durability for Type 1 is deter-mined by exposure to a cyclic boil and a vacuum-pressure test.For Type 2, a vacuum-soak is used. For Type 3, a humidity testat elevated temperature is used.5.7 Aging, Oxidation ResistanceTo ensure that the ad
39、he-sive does not become embrittled or substantially deterioratewith age, the adhesive film or tensile lap shear specimensbonded with the adhesive, are exposed to pure oxygen at anelevated temperature and pressure.5.8 Mold ResistanceConditions fostering the growth ofmold are encountered in the struct
40、ural spaces of walls, floors,and roofs. The adhesive is tested against three species of moldcommonly present on wood, either as separate tests or as asingle test with a mixed culture of the mold species.6. Test Methods6.1 The tests required for compliance with this specificationare given in Table 1.
41、6.2 The compliance criteria for Tests 1 through 11, Sections1626, are given in Table 2.6.2.1 For Tests 1 through 6, Sections 1621, and Test 11,Section 26, only test results must be reported.6.2.1.1 Type 1 adhesives in Group A or Group B shall beevaluated on the basis of test specimens prepared in ac
42、cordancewith Sections 14 and 26, and subsequently exposed and testedin accordance with the procedures for the cyclic-boil andvacuum-pressure tests specified for wet-use adhesives in theExposure Conditions and Treatments section of SpecificationD3110. The only exception is that average strength value
43、s shallbe reported in pounds-force per square inch (or megapascals).6.2.2 Minimum performance levels are given for Test 7,Section 22; Test 8, Section 23; and Test 10, Section 25.6.2.3 For Test 9, Section 24, an evaluation shall be made onthe basis of the loads used to test the adhesive for totaldefo
44、rmation.7. Sampling7.1 Take a representative sample from each lot of adhesiveto be tested.7.1.1 For liquid or paste adhesives, the sample from each lotshall not be less than 1 qt (946 mL).TABLE 2 Performance RequirementsTest Number Section Number Test Description RequirementsConditions of Applicatio
45、n:1 16 low temperature shear strengthA2 17 dry lumber shear strengthA3 18 gap-filling shear strengthAMeasurements of Durability:4 19 high temperature shear strengthA5 20 Type 3 Qualification shear strengthA6 21 Type 2 Qualification shear strengthA7 22 aging, film oxidation one, 180 bend around a14-i
46、n. (6.4-mm) mandrel with none ofthe 5 specimens breaking8 23 aging, bond oxidation maintain 50 % of original shear strength9 24 resistance to deformation (creep) Group A: 0.006 in. (0.152 mm)BGroup B: 0.050 in. (1.27 mm)B10 25 mold no growth after 14 days11 26 Type 1 Qualification shear strengthAAPo
47、st average shear strength.BMaximum allowable total deformation under given load and conditions of 24.2.2.D3930 08 (2015)37.1.2 For adhesives consisting of more than one part, take asufficient sample of each part in order to prepare not less than2 lb (908 g) of adhesive at the time of use.7.1.3 For d
48、ry adhesives, the sample from each lot shall notbe less than 2 lb (908 g).7.2 Consult the adhesive manufacturer as to proper packingand handling of the sample.8. Retest and Rejection8.1 If the results of any initial test do not conform to therequirements prescribed in this specification, that test s
49、hall berepeated on two additional sets of specimens from a newsample of the same lot of adhesive, each of which shallconform to the requirements specified. If either of these twoadditional sets of specimens fail to meet the requirements, thelot or batch of material shall be rejected.9. Precision and Bias59.1 Precision:9.1.1 The precision of this test method is based on aninterlaboratory study of Specification D3930 - 93a (2005), TestNumber 4, High Temperature, conducted in 2006. Each of ninelaboratories tested five replicates of specimens prepared usingth
