1、Designation: D3950 12aD3950 16Standard Specification forStrapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3950; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic strap
3、ping and joining methods intended for use in closing, reinforcing, and bundlingarticles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for car loading and truck loading.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconver
4、sions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification:This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with it
5、s use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution EnvironmentsD3951 Practice
6、 for Commercial PackagingD4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing2.2 Other Standards:ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes3ANSI/ASQC Z1.9 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Variables for Percent Nonco
7、nforming33. Terminology3.1 For general definitions of packaging and distribution environments, see Terminology D996.4. Classification4.1 Types and Grades:Type I Strapping, bonded rayon cord.Grade 1Light duty.Grade 2Regular duty.Grade 3Heavy duty.Type IA Strapping, Bonded, Composite or Woven polyeste
8、r cord.Grade 1Light duty.Grade 2Regular duty.Grade 3Heavy duty.Grade 4Extra heavy duty.Grade 5Special duty.Grade 6Special duty.Grade 7Special duty.Type II Strapping, polypropylene plastic.Type III Strapping, nylon plastic.Type IV Strapping, polyester plastic.1 This specification is under the jurisdi
9、ction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing and Unitizingof Loads.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012March 15, 2016. Published December 2012April 2016. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20112012as D395
10、0 11.D3950 12a. DOI: 10.1520/D3950-12A.10.1520/D3950-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Ava
11、ilable from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
12、it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr
13、 Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Ordering Information5.1 The inquiry and order shall indicate the following:5.1.1 Type, grade, and dimensions required (see 4.1 and 7.1),5.1.2 Length per coil (see 8.1),5.1.3 Joining method (see 6.2), type and size require
14、d (if needed),5.1.4 If an embossed finish on strapping is desired or allowed (see Footnote in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3),5.1.5 Make and model of strapping equipment that the strapping and joining method must work in, if applicable,5.1.6 Coil dimensions (see 8.1),5.1.7 Level of packaging and pack
15、ing if other than commercial (see Section 15), and5.1.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials shall be of the quality necessary to meet the physical requirements within the allowable dimensions.6.1.1 Type IStrapping shall consist of longitudinal rayon cords bon
16、ded with a plastic binder so that a nonwoven material isformed.6.1.1.1 Type IAStrapping shall consist of longitudinal polyester cords either bonded with a plastic binder to form a nonwovenmaterial (Bonded); or encased in a polypropylene extrusion (Composite); or woven with a weft thread and treated
17、with a plasticbinder to form a woven material (Woven).6.1.2 Type IIStrapping shall be an extruded, oriented polypropylene.6.1.3 Type IIIStrapping shall be an extruded, oriented nylon.6.1.4 Type IVStrapping shall be an extruded, oriented polyester.6.2 Joining MethodsIf seals or buckles are to be used
18、, they shall be steel and have a coating of zinc, black iron oxide, orequivalent protection from corrosion, or buckles may be made of plastic.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 Breaking Strength and Elongation (see 12.2):7.1.1 Type I and Type IA strapping shall conform to the breaking strengths and elongat
19、ions prescribed in Table 4 and Table 5.7.1.2 Type II strapping shall conform to the breaking strengths and elongations prescribed in Table 1.7.1.3 Type III strapping shall conform to the breaking strengths and elongations prescribed in Table 2.7.1.4 Type IV strapping shall conform to the breaking st
20、rengths and elongations prescribed in Table 3.7.2 Joint Strength (see 12.3).7.2.1 Type I and Type IA Grade 1 and Grade 2 joined strapping shall have a strength of not less than 45% of the minimumbreaking strength of the strapping grade and size listed in Table 4 and Table 5.7.2.2 Type IA Grade 3, Gr
21、ade 4, Grade 5, Grade 6, and Grade 7 joined strapping shall have a strength of not less than 55 %of the minimum breaking strength of the strapping grade and size listed in Table 5. Test data are available to substantiate thisconclusion.7.2.3 Types II, III, and IV joined strapping shall have a streng
22、th of not less than 45 % of the minimum breaking strengthcorresponding to the dimensions of the strap listed in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 The minimum length per coil of strapping shall be furnished as specified in the following tables according to type,
23、 grade,size, and coil width unless specified otherwise in the contract or purchase order. The coil shall be an oscillating or ribbon wind.8.1.1 Type I and Type IA StrappingSee Table 6.8.1.2 Type II StrappingSee Table 7.8.1.3 Type III StrappingSee Table 8.8.1.4 Type IV StrappingSee Table 9.9. Workman
24、ship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 Type I and Type IA strapping shall be straight, clean, have good webbing, and be free of cracks and other defects that mayaffect the serviceability.9.2 Types II, III, and IV strapping shall be straight, clean, and free of kinks, edge curvature, cracks, and other defec
25、ts that mayaffect the serviceability.D3950 1629.3 Splices may be made if they do not affect the serviceability of the strapping in strapping equipment and have a break strengthequal to at least 50% of the strap break strength. No more than one splice per coil will be permitted.TABLE 1 Breaking Stren
26、gths of Type II Strapping (PP)Nominal Widthof StrappingNominal Thicknessof StrappingMinimumBreaking Strengthin. (mm) in. (mm)A lb (N)B0.197 (5.0) 0.0120 (0.30) 80 (360)0.197 (5.0) 0.0145 (0.37) 100 (440)0.234 (5.9) 0.0135 (0.34) 130 (580)0.234 (5.9) 0.0140 (0.36) 155 (690)0.236 (6.0) 0.0130 (0.33) 1
27、35 (600)0.234 (5.9) 0.0160 (0.41) 180 (800)0.236 (6.0) 0.0173 (0.44) 190 (850)14 (6.4) 0.0135 (0.34) 134 (600)14 (6.4) 0.0150 (0.38) 180 (800)14 (6.4) 0.0250 (0.64) 200 (890)0.351 (8.9) 0.0130 (0.33) 200 (899)0.354 (9.0) 0.0142 (0.36) 225 (1 000)0.351 (8.9) 0.0160 (0.41) 270 (1 200)0.354 (9.0) 0.017
28、3 (0.44) 270 (1 200)0.354 (9.0) 0.0181 (0.46) 270 (1 200)38 (9.5) 0.0180 (0.46) 250 (1 110)38 (9.5) 0.0150 (0.38) 290 (1 290)38 (9.5) 0.0200 (0.51) 390 (1 730)38 (9.5) 0.0250 (0.64) 400 (1 780)0.413 (10.5) 0.0190 (0.48) 360 (1 600)0.413 (10.5) 0.0201 (0.51) 360 (1 600)0.413 (10.5) 0.0248 (0.63) 460
29、(2 050)0.413 (10.5) 0.0295 (0.75) 550 (2 450)0.413 (10.5) 0.0295 (0.75) 540 (2 400)0.413 (10.5) 0.0230 (0.58) 450 (2 000)716 (11.1) 0.0140 (0.36) 300 (1 330)716 (11.1) 0.0190 (0.48) 350 (1 560)716 (11.1) 0.0230 (0.58) 420 (1 870)716 (11.1) 0.0250 (0.64) 450 (2 000)716 (11.1) 0.0300 (0.76) 550 (2 450
30、)0.468 (11.9) 0.0215 (0.55) 450 (2 000)0.472 (12.0) 0.0169 (0.43) 360 (1 600)0.472 (12.0) 0.0212 (0.54) 460 (2 050)0.472 (12.0) 0.0252 (0.64) 550 (2 450)0.480 (12.2) 0.0190 (0.48) 400 (1.780)12 (12.7) 0.0150 (0.38) 390 (1.750)716 (12.7) 0.0170 (0.43) 350 (1 570)12 (12.7) 0.0220 (0.56) 450 (2 020)12
31、(12.7) 0.0200 (0.51) 530 (2 360)12 (12.7) 0.0250 (0.64) 660 (2 940)12 (12.7) 0.0260 (0.66) 550 (2 450)12 (12.7) 0.0300 (0.76) 810 (3 600)0.468 (12.0) 0.0255 (0.65) 540 (2 400)0.591 (15.0) 0.0410 (1.04) 1 050 (4 660)58 (15.9) 0.0150 (0.38) 500 (2 200)58 (15.9) 0.0200 (0.51) 680 (3 020)58 (15.9) 0.030
32、0 (0.76) 950 (4 220)0.728 (18.5) 0.0410 (1.04) 1 300 (5 770)34 (19.1) 0.0200 (0.51) 725 (3 220)114 (31.8) 0.0350 (0.89) 2 200 (9 790)114 (31.8) 0.0500 (1.27) 3 100 (13 790)TABLE 1 Breaking Strength of Type II Strapping (PP)Nominal Width Nominal ThicknessMinimumBreaking Strength0.030 in. (0.76 mm) 0.
33、0250 in. (0.635 mm) thick or less, 0.0025 in. (0.06 mm)0.0250 in. thick, 0.0030 in. (0.08 mm)in. (mm) in. (mm)A lbf (N)B316 (5) 0.0120 (0.30) 80 (355)0.0145 (0.37) 100 (445)D3950 16310. Sampling Plan10.1 Where it can be demonstrated that a suppliers quality control system provides a similar degree o
34、f assurance as thatobtained through the use of this specification, the supplier may use that system in place of the system described in this specification.In case of conflict, provisions set forth in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 shall be used.10.2 Lot SizeThe lot size shall be expressed in units of coils or joini
35、ng methods, or both, and shall consist of all products ofone type, grade, and size offered for acceptance at one time.Nominal Width Nominal ThicknessMinimumBreaking Strength0.030 in. (0.76 mm) 0.0250 in. (0.635 mm) thick or less, 0.0025 in. (0.06 mm)0.0250 in. thick, 0.0030 in. (0.08 mm)in. (mm) in.
36、 (mm)A lbf (N)B14 (6)0.0130 (0.033) 135 (600)0.0135 (0.34) 130 (580)0.0140 (0.36) 155 (690)0.0150 and 0.0160 (0.38 and 0.41) 180 (800)0.0173 (0.44) 190 (845)0.0250 (0.64) 200 (890)38 (9)0.0130 (0.33) 200 (890)0.0142 (0.36) 225 (1 000)0.0150 (0.38) 290 (1 290)0.0160 and 0.0173 and 0.0181 (0.41 and 0.
37、44 and 0.46) 270 (1 200)0.0180 (0.46) 250 (1 110)0.0200 (0.51) 390 (1 735)0.0230 (0.58) 450 (2 000)0.0248 (0.63) 460 (2 045)0.0250 (0.64) 400 (1 780)0.0295 (0.75) 540 (2 400)716 (11)0.0140 (0.036) 300 (1 335)0.0190 and 0.0201 (0.48 and 0.51) 350 (1 555)0.0215 (0.55) 450 (2 000)0.0230 (0.58) 420 (1 8
38、70)0.0250 (0.64) 450 (2 000)12 (12)0.0150 (0.38) 390 (1 735)0.0170 (0.43) 350 (1 555)0.0190 (0.48) 400 (1 780)0.0200 (0.51) 530 (2 360)0.0220 (0.56) 450 (2 000)0.0250 (0.64) 660 (2 935)0.0255 (0.65) 540 (2 400)0.0260 (0.66) 550 (2 445)0.0300 (0.76) 810 (3 600)58 (16)0.0150 (0.38) 500 (2 225)0.0200 (
39、0.51) 680 (3 025)0.030 (0.76) 950 (4 225)0.0410 (1.04) 1050 (4 670)34 (19) 0.0200 (0.51) 725 (3 225)0.0410 (1.04) 1 300 (5 785)114 (32) 0.0350 (0.89) 2 200 (9 785)0.0500 (1.27) 3 100 (13 790)A When specified (see 5.1.4), the strapping as measured by a flat anvil micrometer shall have an embossed fin
40、ish which yields an overall nominal thickness no greaterthan twice the nominal thickness of smooth-surfaced strapping of the same width and breaking strength.B Range of elongation at break is from 7 to 35 %.TABLE 2 Breaking Strengths of Type III Strapping (Nylon)Nominal Widthof Strapping,in. (mm)Nom
41、inal Thicknessof Strapping, in. (mm)AMinimum BreakingStrength, lbf (N)B716 (11.1) 0.017 (0.43)0.023 (0.58)0.029 (0.74)420 (1870)560 (2490)700 (3110)12 (12.7) 0.015 (0.38) 420 (1870)0.020 (0.51) 560 (2490)0.025 (0.64) 700 (3110)0.030 (0.76) 900 (4000)A When specified (see 5.1.4), the strapping as mea
42、sured by a flat anvil micrometershall have an embossed finish which yields an overall nominal thickness nogreater than twice the nominal thickness of smooth-surfaced strapping of the samewidth and breaking strength.B Range of elongation at break is from 12 to 25 %.D3950 16410.3 Unit SampleOne coil o
43、r one joining method shall be considered a unit.Aminimum of 10 ft (3.05 m) per coil of strappingis required to perform the tests.TABLE 3 Breaking Strengths of Type IV Strapping (PET)Nominal Widthof StrappingNominal Thicknessof StrappingMinimumBreaking Strengthin. (mm) in. (mm)A lb (N)B0.351 (8.9) 0.
44、0190 (0.48) 390 (1 730)0.354 (9.0) 0.0205 (0.52) 400 (1 780)38 (9.5) 0.0150 (0.38) 310 (1 380)716 (9.5) 0.0200 (0.51) 420 (1 870)0.413 (10.5) 0.0195 (0.50) 430 (1 910)0.413 (10.5) 0.0205 (0.52) 460 (2 050)0.413 (10.5) 0.0220 (0.56) 500 (2 220)0.413 (10.5) 0.0240 (0.61) 560 (2 490)0.413 (10.5) 0.0255
45、 (0.65) 575 (2.550)0.413 (10.5) 0.0265 (0.67) 600 (2 660)716 (11.1) 0.0160 (0.41) 360 (1 600)716 (11.1) 0.0200 (0.51) 460 (2 050)716 (11.1) 0.0220 (0.56) 500 (2 220)716 (11.1) 0.0240 (0.61) 560 (2 490)0.468 (11.9) 0.0168 (0.43) 470 (2 090)0.468 (11.9) 0.0175 (0.44) 470 (2 090)0.468 (11.9) 0.0205 (0.
46、52) 560 (2 490)0.468 (11.9) 0.0275 (0.70) 750 (3 340)0.468 (11.9) 0.0280 (0.71) 750 (3 340)0.472 (12.0) 0.0175 (0.44) 470 (2 090)0.472 (12.0) 0.0205 (0.52) 560 (2 490)0.472 (12.0) 0.0280 (0.71) 750 (3 340)12 (12.7) 0.0150 (0.38) 420 (1 870)12 (12.7) 0.0170 (0.43) 470 (2 090)12 (12.7) 0.0200 (0.51) 5
47、60 (2 490)12 (12.7) 0.0250 (0.64) 700 (3 110)12 (12.7) 0.0280 (0.71) 750 (3 340)12 (12.7) 0.0300 (0.76) 850 (3 780)0.615 (15.6) 0.0300 (0.76) 1 000 (4 440)0.615 (15.6) 0.0350 (0.89) 1 100 (4 890)0.615 (15.6) 0.0360 (0.91) 1 150 (5 120)0.615 (15.6) 0.0380 (0.97) 1 200 (5 328)0.615C (15.6) 0.0400 (1.0
48、2) 1 200 (5 328)0.615 (15.6) 0.0400 (1.02) 1 500 (6 670)0.615C (15.6) 0.0410 (1.04) 1 200 (5 328)0.615 (15.6) 0.0450 (1.14) 1 600 (7 120)58 (15.9) 0.0200 (0.51) 700 (3 110)58 (15.9) 0.0250 (0.64) 870 (3 870)58 (15.9) 0.0300 (0.76) 1 000 (4 450)58C (15.9) 0.0350 (0.89) 1 200 (5 340)58 (15.9) 0.0350 (
49、0.89) 1 300 (5 780)34 (19.1) 0.0400 (1.02) 1 750 (7 780)34 (19.1) 0.0500 (1.27) 2 250 (10 010)34 (19.1) 0.0550 (1.40) 2 400 (10 680)34 (19.1) 0.0600 (1.52) 2 500 (11 120)0.985 (25.0) 0.0400 (1.02) 2 300 (10 210)0.985 (25.0) 0.0500 (1.27) 2 800 (12 460)114 (32.0) 0.0320 (0.82) 2 250 (10 010)114 (32.0) 0.0400 (1.02) 2 800 (12 460)114 (32.0) 0.0500 (1.27) 3 750 (16 680)TABLE 3 Breaking Strength of Type IV Strapping (PET)Nominal Width Nominal Thickness MinimumBreaking Strengt
