1、Designation: D4054 09Standard Practice forQualification and Approval of New Aviation Turbine Fuelsand Fuel Additives1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4054; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers and provides a framework for thequalification and approval of new fuels and new fuel additiv
3、esfor use in commercial and military aviation gas turbineengines. The practice was developed as a guide by the aviationgas-turbine engine Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs)with ASTM International member support. The OEMs aresolely responsible for approval of a fuel or additive in theirrespectiv
4、e engines and airframes. For the purpose of this guide,“approval” means “permission to use;” it is not an endorsementof any kind. Standards organizations such as ASTM Interna-tional (Subcommittee D02.J0), United Kingdom Ministry ofDefence, and the U.S. military list only those fuels andadditives tha
5、t are mutually acceptable to all OEMs. ASTMInternational and OEM participation in the evaluation orapproval procedure does not constitute an endorsement of thefuel or additive.1.2 The OEMs will consider a new fuel or additive based onan established need or benefit attributed to its use. Upon OEMand
6、regulatory authority approval, the fuel or fuel additive maybe listed in fuel specifications such as Pratt General Electric Aviation (GE)Specification No. D50TF2; and Rolls Royce (RR) enginemanuals. Subsequent to OEM approval and industry (ASTM)review and ballot, the fuel or fuel additive may be lis
7、ted in fuelspecifications such as Specification D1655, Defence Standard91-91, United States Air Force MIL-DTL-83133, and theUnited States Navy MIL-DTL-5624. This qualification andapproval process has been coordinated with airworthiness andcertification groups within each company, the Federal Aviatio
8、nAdministration (FAA), and the European Aviation SafetyAgency (EASA).1.3 Units of measure throughout this practice are stated inInternational System of Units (SI) unless the test methodspecifies non-SI units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated
9、with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainl
10、ess Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for PressureVessels and for General ApplicationsB36/B36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, AndRolled BarB93/B93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in IngotForm for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, andDie CastingsD56 Test Method for Flash Point by
11、Tag Closed Cup TesterD86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD
12、445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD924 Test Method fo
13、r Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-cal Insulating LiquidsD1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Li
14、quid1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0.04on Additives and Electrical Properties.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published April 2010. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previo
15、us edition approved in 2003 as D405493(2003).DOI:10.1520/D405409.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM webs
16、ite.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1331 Test Methods for Surface and Interfacial Tension ofSolutions of Surface-Active Agents3D1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-Rin
17、gsD1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine FuelsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardnessD2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation FuelsD2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in MiddleDistillates by Mass SpectrometryD2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity ofAviationand Di
18、stillate FuelsD2717 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of LiquidsD2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution ofPetroleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyD3241 Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability ofAviation Turbine Fuels (JFTOT Procedure)D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape
19、 TestD3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil TestD3701 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of AviationTurbine Fuels by Low Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Reso-nance SpectrometryD3703 Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of AviationTurbine Fuels, Gasoline and Diesel FuelsD3828 Test Methods for Flash
20、Point by Small Scale ClosedCup TesterD3948 Test Method for Determining Water SeparationCharacteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by PortableSeparometerD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4066 Classification System for Nylon Injection an
21、d Ex-trusion Materials (PA)D4629 Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid PetroleumHydrocarbons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion andChemiluminescence DetectionD5001 Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Avia-tion Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder LubricityEvaluator (BOCLE)D5291 Test M
22、ethods for Instrumental Determination ofCarbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Petroleum Productsand LubricantsD5304 Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate FuelStorage Stability by Oxygen OverpressureD5363 Specification for Anaerobic Single-Component Ad-hesives (AN)D5972 Test Method for Freezing Poi
23、nt of Aviation Fuels(Automatic Phase Transition Method)D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-leum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulo-metric Karl Fischer TitrationD6378 Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure(VPX) of Petroleum Products, Hydrocarbons, andHydroca
24、rbon-Oxygenate Mixtures (Triple ExpansionMethod)D6379 Test Method for Determination of Aromatic Hydro-carbon Types in Aviation Fuels and PetroleumDistillatesHigh Performance Liquid ChromatographyMethod with Refractive Index DetectionD6732 Test Method for Determination of Copper in JetFuels by Graphi
25、te Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrom-etryD6793 Test Method for Determination of Isothermal Secantand Tangent Bulk ModulusD7111 Test Method for Determination of Trace Elements inMiddle Distillate Fuels by Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)E411 Test Method for Trace Quan
26、tities of Carbonyl Com-pounds with 2,4-DinitrophenylhydrazineE659 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of LiquidChemicalsE681 Test Method for Concentration Limits of Flammabil-ity of Chemicals (Vapors and Gases)E1269 Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacityby Differential Scanning Calo
27、rimetry2.2 Federal Specifications:4FED-STD-791 Testing Method of Lubricants, Liquid Fuels,and Related Products2.3 Department of Defense Specifications:4DOD-L-85645 Lubricant, Dry Film, Molecular BondedMIL-A-8625 Anodic Coatings for Aluminum and Alumi-num AlloysMIL-C-83019 Coating, Polyurethane, for
28、Protection of In-tegral Fuel Tank Sealing CompoundMIL-DTL-5541 Chemical Conversion Coatings on Alumi-num and Aluminum AlloysMIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4 andJP-5MIL-DTL-24441 Paint, Epoxy-Polyamide, General Speci-fication forMIL-PRF-25017 Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver,Fu
29、el SolubleMIL-DTL-25988 Rubber, Fluorosilicone Elastomer, Oil-and Fuel-Resistant, Sheets, Strips, Molded Parts, andExtruded ShapesMIL-DTL-26521 Hose Assembly, Nonmetallic, Fuel, Col-lapsible, Low Temperature with Non-Reusable CouplingsMIL-DTL-83054 Baffle and Inerting Material, Aircraft FuelTankMIL-
30、DTL-83133 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Kerosene Type,JP-8 (NATO F-34), NATO F-35, and JP-8+100 (NATOF-37)MIL-H-4495 Hose Assembly, Rubber, Aerial RefuelingMIL-H-17902 Hose, End Fittings and Hose Assemblies,Synthetic Rubber, Aircraft FuelsMIL-HDBK-510-1 Aerospace Fuels CertificationMIL-P-25732 Packing, Pr
31、eformed, Petroleum HydraulicFluid Resistant, Limited Service at 275F (135C)MIL-PRF-370 Hose and Hose Assemblies, Nonmetallic:3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.4Copies of these documents are available from the Standardization DocumentOrder
32、Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia PA 1911-5094 oronline at http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/D4054 092Elastomeric, Liquid FuelMIL-PRF-6855 Rubber, Synthetic, Sheets, Strips, Moldedor Extruded Shapes, General Specification forMIL-PRF-8516 Sealing Compound, Synthetic Rubber,Elect
33、ric Connectors and Electric Systems, ChemicallyCuredMIL-PRF-46010 Lubricant, Solid Film, Heat Cured, Corro-sion Inhibiting, NATO Code S-1738MIL-PRF-81733 Sealing and Coating Compound, Corro-sion InhibitiveMIL-PRF-87260 Foam Material, Explosion Suppression,Inherently Electrostatically Conductive, for
34、 Aircraft FuelTanksMIL-R-46082 Retaining Compounds, Single Component,AnaerobicMIL-S-85334 Sealing Compound, Noncuring, Low Consis-tency, Silicone, Groove Injection, for Integral Fuel TanksMIL-DTL-5578 Tanks, Fuel, Aircraft, Self-SealingMMM-A-132 Adhesives, Heat Resistant, Airframe Struc-tural, Metal
35、 to MetalQPL-25017 Qualified Products List for MIL-PRF-25017(Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver, Fuel Soluble)2.4 SAE International:5SAE-AMS-2410 Plating, Silver Nickel Strike, High BakeSAE-AMS-2427 Aluminum Coating, Ion Vapor DepositionSAE-AMS-3215 Acrylonitrile Butadiene (NBR) RubberAromatic
36、Fuel Resistant 6575SAE-AMS-3265 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide (T) Rub-ber, Fuel Resistant, Non-chromated Corrosion Inhibitingfor Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3276 Sealing Compound, Integral Fuel Tanksand General Purpose, Intermittent Use to 360 F (182 C)SAE-AMS-3277 Sealing Compound, Pol
37、ythioether RubberFast Curing Integral Fuel Tanks And General Purpose,Intermittent Use to 400 F (204 C)SAE-AMS-3278 Sealing and Coating Compound: Polyure-thane (PUR) Fuel Resistant High Tensile Strength/Elongation for Integral Fuel Tanks/Fuel Cavities/GeneralPurposSAE-AMS-3279 Sealing Compound, Spray
38、able, for Inte-gral Fuel Tanks and Fuel Cell Cavities, for IntermittentUse to 350 F (177 C)SAE-AMS-3281 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide (T) Syn-thetic Rubber for Integral Fuel Tank and Fuel CellCavities Low Density for Intermittent Use to 360 F(182 C)SAE-AMS-3283 Sealing Compound, Polysulfide Non-Curi
39、ng, Groove Injection Temperature and Fuel ResistantSAE-AMS-3361 Silicone Potting Compound, Elastomeric,Two-Part, General Purpose, 150 to 400 Poise (15 to 40Pas) ViscositySAE-AMS-3375 Adhesive/Sealant, Fluorosilicone, Aro-matic Fuel Resistant, One-Part Room Temperature Vulca-nizingSAE-AMS-3376 Sealin
40、g Compound, Non-Curing, GrooveInjection Temperature and Fuel ResistantSAE-AMS-4017 AluminumAlloy Sheet and Plate, 2.5Mg 0.25Cr (5052H34) Strain-Hardened, Half-Hard, and Sta-bilizedSAE-AMS-4027 AluminumAlloy, Sheet and Plate 1.0Mg 0.60Si 0.28Cu 0.20Cr (6061; T6 Sheet, T651 Plate)Solution and Precipit
41、ation Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4029 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate 4.5Cu 0.85SI 0.80Mn 0.50Mg (2014; T6 Sheet, T651Plate) Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4037 Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate 4.4Cu 1.5Mg 0.60 Mn (2024; T3 Flat Sheet, T351 Plate)Solution Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-4107 Aluminum All
42、oy, Die Forgings(7050T74) Solution Heat Treated and OveragedSAE-AMS-4260 Aluminum Alloy, Investment Castings7.0Si 0.32Mg (356.0T6) Solution and PrecipitationHeat TreatedSAE-AMS-4750 Solder, TinLead 45Sn 55PbSAE-AMS-4751 TinLead Eutectic 63Sn 37PbSAE-AMS-4901 Titanium Sheet, Strip, and Plate Commer-c
43、ially Pure Annealed, 70.0 ksi (485 MPa)SAE-AMS-4915 Titanium Alloy Sheet, Strip, and Plate 8Al1V IMo Single AnnealedSAE-AMS-5330 Steel Castings, Investment, 0.80Cr 1.8Ni 0.35Mo (0.380.46C) (SAE 4340 Modified) AnnealedSAE-AMS-5338 Steel, Investment Castings 0.95Cr 0.20Mo (0.350.45C) (SAE 4140 Mod) No
44、rmalized orNormalized and TemperedSAE-AMS-5504 Steel, Corrosion and HeatResistant,Sheet, Strip, and Plate 12.5Cr (SAE 51410) AnnealedSAE-AMS-5525 Steel, Corrosion and Heat Resistant,Sheet, Strip, and Plate 15Cr 25.5Ni 1.2Mo 2.1Ti 0.006B 0.30V 1800 F (982 C) Solution Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-5604 Steel, C
45、orrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip,and Plate 16.5Cr 4.0Ni 4.0Cu 0.30 Solution HeatTreated, Precipitation HardenableSAE-AMS-5613 Steel, Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Bars,Wire, Forgings, Tubing, and Rings 12.5Cr (SAE 51410)AnnealedSAE-AMS-5643 Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Bars, Wire,Forgings, Tubing, an
46、d Rings 16Cr 4.0Ni 0.30Cb 4.0Cu Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation HardenableSAE-AMS-5688 Steel, CorrosionResistant, Wire18Cr9.0Ni (SAE 30302) Spring TemperSAE-AMS-5737 Steel, Corrosion and HeatResistant, Bars,Wire, Forgings, and Tubing 15Cr 25.5Ni 1.2Mo 2.1Ti 0.006B 0.30V Consumable Electrode Mel
47、ted,1650 F (899 C) Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedSAE-AMS-6277 Steel Bars, Forgings, and Tubing 0.50Cr 0.55Ni 0.20Mo (0.180.23C) (SAE 8620) Vacuum Arcor Electroslag RemeltedSAE-AMS-6345 Steel, Sheet, Strip and Plate 0.95Cr 0.20Mo (0.280.33C) (SAE 4130) Normalized or Other-wise Heat TreatedSA
48、E-AMS-6415 Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Tubing, 0.80Cr 1.8Ni 0.25Mo (0.380.43C) (SAE 4340)SAE-AMS-6444 Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Tubing 1.45Cr5Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,Pennsylvania 15096, http:/www.sae.org/servlets/indexD4054 093(0.931.05C) (SAE 52100) Premiu
49、m Aircraft-Quality,Consumable Electrode Vacuum RemeltedSAE-AMS-6470 Steel, Nitriding, Bars, Forgings, and Tub-ing 1.6Cr 0.35Mo 1.13Al (0.380.43C)SAE AMS 6472 Steel, Bars and Forgings, Nitriding 1.6Cr 0.35Mo 1.1Al (0.38-0.43C) Hardened and Tempered,112 ksi (772 MPa) Tensile StrengthSAE-AMS-7257 Rings, Sealing, Perfluorocarbon (FFKM)Rubber High Temperature Fluid Resistant 70 80SAE-AMS-7271 Rings, Sealing, Butadiene-Acrylonitrile(NBR) Rubber Fuel and Low Temperature Re
