1、Designation: D 4068 01An American National StandardStandard Specification forChlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) Sheeting for ConcealedWater-Containment Membrane1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4068; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope *1.1 This specification covers flexible chlorinated polyethyl-ene (CPE) sh
3、eeting which is used without mastic, bedding, orcoating for construction of concealed water-containment mem-branes in applications where there is potential for costlysecondary damage from leakage, and where very long-termreliable performance is essential. Examples are fountains,pools, planters, show
4、er and safe pans, tile tubs, and similarinstallations where the membrane is inaccessible once con-struction is complete. Included are requirements for composi-tion, strength and toughness, test methods, workmanship cri-teria, and methods of marking.1.2 Manufacturers have the option to use recycled m
5、aterialsin this product. Recycled materials must be in accordance withthe requirements in Section 4.1.3 The test methods used to characterize the sheeting areintended to ensure quality and performance and are notnecessarily adequate for design purposes. Test methods havebeen selected to be conducted
6、 primarily with liquids thatsimulate the environments to which the membrane will besubjected during actual installation and use.1.4 This specification does not cover water-containmentmembranes exposed in use to ultraviolet light or direct sun-light.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
7、 regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are given forinformation only.NOTE 1There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 14, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of t
8、he safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 374 Test Methods for Thickn
9、ess of Solid Electrical Insu-lation2D 412 Test Methods for Rubber Properties in Tension3D 543 Test Method for Resistance of Plastics to ChemicalReagents4D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and ElectricalInsulating Materials for Testing2D 751 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics5D 883 Terminology Rel
10、ating to Plastics4D 1004 Test Method for Initial Tear Resistance of PlasticFilm and Sheeting4D 1203 Test Method for Volatile Loss from Plastics UsingActivated Carbon4D 1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperature4D 1876 Test Method
11、for Peel Resistance of Adhesives(T-Peel Test)6D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics7D 2136 Test Method for Coated FabricsLowTemperature Bend Test3D 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometerHardness3D 5033 Guide for The Development of Standards Relatingto the Proper Use of Recycled Plastics7E
12、96 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Mate-rials82.2 ANSI Document:Safety Code for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing MotorVehicles Operating on Land Highways91This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D
13、20.24 on Plastic BuildingProducts.Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001. Originallypublished as D 4068 81. Last previous edition D 4068 99.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.5Annual Bo
14、ok od ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.8Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06.9Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at
15、 the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology D 883 unless otherwise indicated.3.1.2 The abbreviation for chlorinat
16、ed polyethylene is CPE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 homogeneous sheetingsheeting that is of homoge-neous composition throughout its thickness. (Note that it is notof a sandwich construction with a continuous or semicontinu-ous layer of one or more materials of different c
17、ompositionenclosed between two or more layers of CPE.)3.2.2 monolithic sheetingsheeting manufactured as onepiece. (Note that it is not several thicknesses laminatedtogether, nor is it two or more widths lapped and joined withheat or chemicals.)3.2.3 water containment membrane a nonporous mem-brane i
18、mpervious to water and resistant to permeation by watervapor to an extent that provides a high degree of certainty thatsecondary damage from leakage shall not occur.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The sheeting shall be made from a compound thatcontains more than 50 % chlorinated polyethylene resin b
19、yweight of total resin content, and the CPE resin shall: (a)contain 38 to 46 % chlorine; (b) be made from a linearpolyethylene having a density of not less than 0.95 g/cm2;(c)be substantially amorphous, having a heat of fusion of less than0.4 cal/g (1.7 kJ/kg), and ( d) have a melt viscosity of 1700
20、 6500 Pas when measured in an Instron Capillary Rheometer ata melt temperature of 190 6 2C, and a shear rate of 150 6 10s.4.2 When recycled materials, as defined in Guide D 5033,are used in this product, the material must meet the require-ments in Sections 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.4.3 The use of water-s
21、oluble compounding ingredients shallbe prohibited.4.4 The sheeting shall be homogeneous and monolithic.5. Physical Requirements5.1 The sheeting shall have an average Shore-A hardness of76 6 6 points when ten specimens taken equidistantly acrossthe width of the sheet are tested in accordance with Tes
22、tMethod D 2240, using a Type A durometer and readingdurometer hardness after5sofpresser foot contact with thespecimen. The thickness of the specimens shall be as manu-factured.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 The sheeting shall conform to the mechanical propertyrequirements in Table 1.7. Performance Requ
23、irements7.1 The sheeting shall conform to the performance require-ments in Table 2.8. Other Requirements8.1 The sheeting shall be capable of being bonded to itselfin a manner suitable for making seams and repairs in the field.The manufacturer shall recommend or furnish methods, mate-rials, or equipm
24、ent necessary and suitable for this purpose.8.2 Bonds between sheets of material used in fabrication ofa water-containment membrane shall conform to the require-ments in Table 3 and shall not reduce the overall resistance ofthe membrane to permeation or leakage.9. Dimensions and Permissible Variatio
25、ns9.1 The actual width and length of the sheeting shall be asagreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.9.1.1 Sheeting width tolerance shall be +0.5, 0 in. (+12.7,0 mm).9.1.2 The length of the sheeting after unrolling and relaxingfor 10 min at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 3C) shall be no less than thatsp
26、ecified in the purchase order or contract.9.2 The sheeting shall be divided by grade based onthickness, as follows:9.2.1 Grade 140 mil (1.02 mm) shall be a minimum of0.040 in. (1.02 mm) in thickness.9.2.2 Grade 230 mil (0.765 mm) shall be a minimum of0.030 in. (0.765 mm) in thickness.TABLE 1 Mechani
27、cal PropertiesProperty UnitSpecificationGrade 1 Grade 2Thickness in. (mm) 0.040 (1.02),min0.030 (0.0765),minTensile strength,transverse directionpsi (MPa) 1200 (8.28),min800 (5.5), minTensile stress at100 % elongation(modulus), transversedirectionpsi (MPa) 400 (2.76),min1200 (8.28),max300 (2.07),min
28、1200 (8.28),maxElongation, at break,transverse direction% 350, min 300, minTear resistance,transverse directionlbf/in. (kN/m)of width175 (30.6), min 120 (20.9), minTABLE 2 Performance RequirementsProperty UnitSpecificationGrade 1 Grade 2Volatile Loss at 158F (70C):Weight change percent loss 61.5, ma
29、x 61.5, maxMicroorganism Resistance:Weight change percent 65, max 65, maxChemical Resistance:Sodium Hydroxide:Weight change percent 65, max 65, maxSoapy Water, 1 % solution:Weight change percent 63, max 63, maxDistilled Water:Weight change percent 62, max 62, maxTABLE 3 Bonded Seam RequirementsPrope
30、rty UnitSpecificationGrade 1 Grade 2Bonded seam sheartrength, transversedirectionpercent of tensile 75, min 75, minBonded seam peelstrength (T-peel)lbf/in. (kN/m) ofseam width10 (2.75) 6 (1.65)D 4068210. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 The sheeting shall be free of pin holes, particles offor
31、eign matter, undispersed raw materials, or other manufac-turing defects that might affect serviceability.10.2 The sheeting shall be free of blisters, craters, pimples,pits, crazing, and thin spots. Sheet edges shall be straight,parallel, and free of trim material.10.3 Printing and markings on the sh
32、eet shall be legible andnot easily removed from the sheet during normal handling,transportation, and installation.10.4 The sheeting shall be colored as agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the seller.11. Sampling11.1 Sampling for Evaluating Conformance to Physical,Mechanical, and Performance Require
33、ments:11.1.1 One roll, or other equivalent packaged unit, with aminimum continuous sheet of 100 ft2(9.3 m2) should besufficient for completing all tests and evaluations in thisspecification.11.1.2 Select randomly each roll or unit submitted forevaluation from an inventory of regular production stock
34、 notolder than one year. Selecting more than one roll or unit orselecting from multiple inventory stocks or locations willincrease the likelihood of obtaining a representative sample ofcontemporary production. The age of stocks from whichselections are made is required to be documented.11.1.3 Divide
35、 all submitted sheet into smaller samples ofsufficient size to provide a set of specimens for any one of thetests in this specification. In no case shall a sample be less than16 ft2(1.49 m2), nor shall either width or length be less than 3ft (0.91 m).NOTE 2See Practice D 1898 for applicable informat
36、ion on samplingtechniques for plastic sheeting.11.1.4 From this population, select samples randomly toprovide specimens for each test.11.2 Sampling for In-Plant Quality Control Evaluation:11.2.1 Samples for quality control evaluation shall be aminimum of 25 ft2(2.5 m2), and completely span the width
37、 ofthe finished sheet.11.2.2 Select randomly one or more samples from each10 000 ft2(1 000 m2) for the quality assurance tests specifiedin Section 19 and Table 4.12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 One set of test units is sufficient to determine conform-ance. The average result of all samples teste
38、d shall conform tothe requirements of this specification.12.2 Retesting to determine conformance shall be requiredafter any significant change in compound or method ofmanufacture.12.2.1 Significant changes in compound include addition,elimination, or substitution of any ingredient, changes in ratios
39、between ingredients, change in type or grade of CPE resin,change in supplier or manufacturer, or both, of CPE resin, andchange in manufacturer or supplier, or both, of CPE compoundor sheet.12.2.2 Changes in compound that are not significant includesubstitution of one material for another (except CPE
40、 resin)where the two are essentially identical and changes in materialwhich do not remain a part of the sheet after manufacture.NOTE 3Material substitutions include changes in supplier, grade ortype.12.2.3 Significant changes in manufacture include blendingprocess (dry blend, wet blend, Banbury mix,
41、 or separatecompounding line) or method of fabricating sheet (calender,extrusion, or casting).12.2.4 Changes in manufacture that are not significantinclude changes in brands of processing equipment, age ofequipment, location of manufacture, personnel, take-off equip-ment and processes, packaging, an
42、d ambient or atmosphericconditions.12.3 Retesting to determine conformance shall occur at leastevery 5 years whether or not significant changes have occurred.NOTE 4This requirement is included to monitor cumulative effects ofrelatively insignificant changes in compound or manufacture over time.12.4
43、If the results of any test do not conform to therequirements of this specification, retesting to determine con-formity is performed only after the purchaser and supplieragree to the retesting. However, this provision shall not be usedto lower a minimum requirement, omit, substitute, or modify atest
44、or requirement, or alter specification limits.13. Specimen Preparation13.1 Conditioning:13.1.1 Condition all physical, mechanical, and performancetest specimens at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5%relative humidity for not less than 40 h in accordance withProcedure A of Methods D 618 prior to testin
45、g or startingenvironmental and chemical exposures.13.1.2 Recondition all environmental and chemical expo-sure samples at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relativehumidity for not less than 40 h in accordance with ProcedureA of Methods D 618 following removal from exposure andprior to physical or m
46、echanical property testing.13.1.3 Condition in-plant quality assurance specimens at73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) for2hinairprior to testing.13.2 Bonded Seam Samples:13.2.1 Bonded seam samples from which specimens are tobe taken for testing shall be prepared using sheet samplessupplied by the manufacturer. T
47、he manufacturer shall includedetailed instructions as well as recommend or supply allmaterials needed to fabricate the bonded seam samples. Themanufacturer has the option to entirely prepare the bondedseam samples used for the test specimens.TABLE 4 Quality Assurance RequirementsProperty UnitSpecifi
48、cationGrade 1 Grade 2Thickness in. (mm) 0.040 (1.02) 0.030 (0.765)Pinholes . . . none noneShrinkage percent 5, max 5, maxWidth tolerance in. (mm) +0.5 (0.0) +0.5 (0.0)Length tolerance in. (mm) 0.0 0.0D 4068313.2.2 Finished bonded seam samples from which testspecimens are to be cut shall be condition
49、ed at 73.4 6 3.6F(23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for no less than 40h after being made and prior to cutting test specimens.13.2.3 After cutting, prepared specimens shall be condi-tioned at 73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relativehumidity for not less than 168 h, in accordance with ProcedureA of Methods D 618 prior to testing or starting environmentalexposures.14. Test Methods14.1 Stress-Strain PropertiesTensile strength, tensilestress at 100 % elongation (modulus), and ultimate elongationshall be determined in accordance with Method A of
