1、Designation:D411102 Designation: D4111 12Standard Performance Specification forWoven Napery and Tablecloth Fabrics: Household andInstitutional1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabrics comprised of any textile fiber or m
3、ixture of fibers to be used in naperyand tablecloths (household and institutional).1.2 These requirements apply to both the length and width directions for those properties where fabric direction is pertinent.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associate
4、d with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1336 Test Method for Distor
5、tion of Yarn in Woven FabricsD1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus D1682StandardMethods of Test forBreaking Load andElongation of Tex-tile Fabrics3D2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Consta
6、nt-Rate-of-Extension TensileTesting Machine) D2262Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabrics by the Tongue (Single Rip) Method(Constant-Rate-of-Traverse Tensile Testing Machine)3D2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated Apparel FabricsD2905Practice for Statements on Number of Specim
7、ens for TextilesD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)D7023 Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings2.2 AATCC Methods:38 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method16Colorfastness to Light Option 3 Colorfastness to Light: Xenon-Arc Lamp, Continuo
8、us Light23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes61Colorfastness to Washing, Domestic, and Laundering, Commercial: Accelerated Colorfastness to Laundering: Accelerated92 Chlorine, Retained, Tensile Loss: Single Sample Method96 Dimensional Changes in Commercial Laundering of Woven and Knitted TextilesFabri
9、cs Except Wool116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockmeter Method124Appearance of Durable Press FabricsAfter Repeated Home Launderings SmoothnessAppearance of Fabrics after RepeatedHome Launderings130 Soil Release: Oily Stain Release Method135 Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laund
10、ering of Woven or Knit Fabrics Dimensional Changes of Fabrics afterHome Laundering1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on Home Furnishings.Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002.
11、Originally published as D411182. Last previous edition D411195(2001). DOI: 10.1520/D4111-02.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4111 - 02 which was withdrawnJanuary 2011 and reinstated in February 2012.
12、DOI: 10.1520/D4111-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from American Association
13、of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to a
14、dequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
15、hocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.172 Colorfastness to Powdered Non-Chlorine Bleach in Home Laundering188 Colorfastness to ChlorineSodium Hypochlorite Bleach in Home LaunderingEvaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color ChangeEvaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for StainingEvaluation Proced
16、ure No. 3AATCC Chromatic Transference Scale2.3 Federal Standard:16CFR, Chapter IIConsumer Product Safety Commission Subchapter DFlammable Fabrics Act Regulations2.4 Military Standard:MIL-STD-105DSampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes Evaluation Procedure 8 AATCC 9-StepChromatic
17、Transference ScaleNOTE 1Reference to test methods in this specification give only the permanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other test methods. Thecurrent editions of each test method cited shall prevail.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1For definitions of textile terms used in this
18、specification refer to the individual ASTM and AATCC methods and toTerminology3.1.1 For all terminology related to Home Furnishings see Terminology D7023.3.2 For definitions of all other textile terms see Terminology D123.3.2Definitions found in a dictionary of common terms are suitable for this spe
19、cification.4. Specification Requirements4.1 The properties of woven fabrics for napery and tablecloths for household and institutional uses shall conform to thespecification requirements in Table 1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller, fabrics intended for t
20、his end use should meet all of the requirementslisted in Table 1 of this specification.5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics may findacceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. There
21、fore, one or more of the requirements listed inTable 1 may be modified upon agreement between the purchaser and the seller.5.2.1 In such cases, any references to the specification shall specify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D4111 exceptfor the following characteristic(s).”5.3 Where no
22、prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the seller, and in case of controversy, therequirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumer demands dictate varyingperformance parameters for any particular style of fabric.5.4
23、The uses and significance of particular properties and methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specifiedmethods.6. Sampling6.1 Lot SampleAs a lot sample for acceptance testing, take at random the number of rolls as directed in an applicablespecification or other agreement between th
24、e purchaser and the supplier, such as an agreement to use MIL-STD-105D. supplier.6.2 Laboratory SampleFrom each roll or piece in the lot sample, cut two laboratory samples the full width of the fabric andat least 375 mm (15 in.) along the selvage.7. Test Methods (see Note 1)7.1 Breaking Strength(Loa
25、d)Determine the dry-breaking strength (load) as directed in the grab test procedure of Test MethodsD1682, using a constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile-testing machine with the speed of the pulling clamp at 305 6 13 mm (12612 in.)/min. Determine the breaking strength as directed in Test Method D50
26、34, using a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)tensile-testing machine.NOTE 2If preferred, the use of a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testing machine is permitted. The crossheadspeed should be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller. There may be n
27、o overall correlation between the results obtained with the CRTmachine and the CRE machine, consequently, these two breaking-loadbreaking-force testers cannot be used interchangeably. In case of controversy, theCRT machineCRE method (Test Method D5034) shall prevail.7.2 Yarn DistortionDetermine the
28、yarn distortion as directed in Test Method D1336.7.3 Tear StrengthDetermine the tear strength as directed in Test Method D2262D1424.NOTE3If preferred, the use of Test Methods D1424 and 3If preferred, the use of Test Method D2261 is permitted with existing requirements asgiven in this specification.
29、There may be no overall correlation between the results obtained with the tongue-tear machines method (Test Method D2261)and the Elmendorf machine (D1424). Consequently, these tear testers cannot be used interchangeably. In case of controversy, Test MethodD2262D1424shall prevail.D41111227.4 Colorfas
30、tness:7.4.1 Burnt Gas FumesDetermine the colorfastness to burnt gas fumes (on the original fabric and after one laundering or onedrycleaning) as directed in AATCC Method 23 after 1 cycle.7.4.2 LightDetermine the colorfastness to light as directed in AATCC Method 16.NOTE 4There are distinct differenc
31、es in spectral distribution between the various types of machines listed in AATCC Method 16, with no overallcorrelations between them. Consequently, these machines cannot be used interchangeably. In case of controversy, results obtained with the Water-CooledXenon-Arc machine listedspecified in Optio
32、n E3 shall prevail.7.4.3 CrockingDetermine the colorfastness to crocking as directed in AATCC Method 8 for solid shades and AATCCMethod 116 for prints, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.7.4.4 LaunderingDetermine the colorfastness to laundering as directed in the applicable proce
33、dure of AATCC Method 61.The test conditions shall be as specified by the seller.7.4.5 Colorfastness to Chlorine BleachColorfastness to Sodium Hypochlorite BleachDetermine the colorfastness to chlorinebleach as directed in AATCC Method 188.7.4.6 Colorfastness to Powdered Non-Chlorine BleachDetermine
34、the colorfastness to non-chlorine bleach as directed inAATCC Method 172.7.5 Dimensional ChangeDetermine the maximum-dimensional change after 5 launderings, or as agreed upon between thepurchaser and the seller, as directed in the applicable procedure in AATCC Method 96 for institutional fabrics, or
35、as directed inthe applicable procedure in AATCC Method 135 for household fabrics.7.5.1 The wash conditions and drying procedure shall be as specified by the seller.7.6 Fabric AppearanceFabric Smoothness AppearanceDetermine the fabric appearance as directed in AATCC Method 124TABLE 1 Specification Re
36、quirementsNOTE 1Class for color change, color transfer, and DP rating is basedon a numerical scale of 5 for negligible or no wrinkle, color change, orcolor transfer to 1 for severe wrinkle, color change, or color transfer.Characteristic Requirements SectionBreaking strength (load) (CRT): 7.1Househol
37、d 133 N (30 lbf), minInstitutional 242 N (55 lbf), minYarn distortion 1 mm (0.05 in.), max 7.2Tongue-tear strength: 7.3Household 9 N (2 lbf), minInstitutional 13 N (3 lbf), minColorfastness:Burnt gas fumes1 cycle:Shade change, original fabric Class 4A,min 7.4.1Shade change, original fabric Grade 4A,
38、min 7.4.1Shade change, after onelaunderingClass 4A,minShade change, after onelaunderingGrade 4A,minChlorine Bleach Class 4A,min 7.4.5Chlorine Bleach Grade 4A,min 7.4.5Non-Chlorine Bleach Class 4A,min 7.4.6Non-Chlorine Bleach Grade 4A,min 7.4.6Light (20 AATCCFU) (xenon-arc) Step 4A,min 7.4.2Light (20
39、 AATCC AFU) (xenon-arc) Grade 4A,min 7.4.2Crocking: 7.4.3Dry Class 4B,minDry Grade 4B,minWet Class 3B,minLaundering: 7.4.4Shade change Class 4A,minStaining Class 3C,minStaining Grade 3C,minDimensional change 5 %, max 7.5Fabric appearance (see 7.6.1.1) DP 3.5D,min 7.6Fabric appearance (see 7.6.1.1) S
40、A 3.5D,min 7.6Chlorine retention see 7.7.1.1 7.7Retention of hand, character, andappearancesee 7.9 7.9Soil release Class 4, min 7.10Soil release Grade 4, min 7.10AAATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.BAATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale.CAATCC Gray Scale for Staining.DFor durable-press (DP) fabri
41、cs only.D4111123after laundering using the wash-and-wear cycle, or the normal cycle as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller asspecified in 7.5.1.7.6.1 For fabrics not intended for use in “durable-press” products determine the fabric smoothness after pressing as specifiedin 10.2.5 of Test
42、 Methods D2724.7.6.1.1 The fabric sSmoothness or durable-press (DP)Appearance (SA) rating of such fabrics, and the DPSA rating ofdry-cleaned fabrics, shall have decreased no more than12 DPSArating from that of the fabric before it is laundered or dry-cleaned.7.7 Chlorine RetentionDetermine the poten
43、tial damage caused by retained chlorine as directed in AATCC Method 92.7.7.1 Make breaking-strength (load) tests, after scorching as specified in 6.3 of AATCC Method 92, as directed in 7.1.7.7.1.1 The breaking-strength (load) of fabrics treated as in 7.7 shall have decreased no more than 25 % from t
44、hat of the originalfabric, and shall not show noticeable scorching.7.8 Absorptive CapacityNo acceptable method is avail-able for the determination of the absorptive capacity of fabrics fornapery and tablecloths.47.9 Retention of Hand, Character, and Appearance Fabric tested as specified in 7.5.1 sha
45、ll not change more in hand,character, or appearance than in the limitation set upon prior agreement between the purchaser and the seller.7.10 Soil ReleaseDetermine the soil release properties after 5 launderings as directed in the applicable procedure in AATCCMethod 130.7.10.1 Selection of the stain
46、ing agents shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.8. Keywords8.1 chlorine retention; soil release; tableclothASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard
47、are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif no
48、t revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which
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