1、Designation: D 4112 02Standard Performance Specification forWoven Umbrella Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4112; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This performance specification covers woven fabricscomprised of any textile fiber or mixture of fibers to be used inumbrellas.1.2 These requireme
3、nts apply to both the length and widthdirections for those properties where fabric direction is perti-nent.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety a
4、nd health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns inWoven Fabrics Using a Standard SeamD 1284 Test Methods for Relaxation a
5、nd ConsolidationDimensional Changes of Stabilized Knit Wool FabricsD 1336 Test Method for Distortion of Yarn in WovenFabricsD 1424 Test Method for Tear Resistance of Woven Fabricsby Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf) ApparatusD 2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabricsby the Tongue (Single Ri
6、p) Method (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)D 2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fabricsby the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse Tensile Testing Machine)D 5034 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test)2.2 AATCC Test
7、Methods:38 Colorfastness to Crocking: AATCC Crockmeter Method16 Colorfastness to Light22 Water Repellency: Spray Test23 Colorfastness to Burnt Gas Fumes35 Water Resistance: Rain Test109 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere Under LowHumidities116 Colorfastness to Crocking: Rotary Vertical Crockme
8、terMethod129 Colorfastness to Ozone in the Atmosphere Under HighHumidities172 Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine Bleach in Home Laun-dering188 Colorfastness to Chlorine Bleach in Home LaunderingEvaluation Procedure No. 1 Gray Scale for Color ChangeEvaluation Procedure No. 2 Gray Scale for StainingEvaluat
9、ion Procedure No. 3 AATCC Chromatic Transfer-ence Scale2.3 Federal Standard:416 CFR, Chapter IIConsumer Product Safety CommissionSubchapter DFlammable Fabrics Act Regulations2.4 Military Standard:5MIL-STD-105D Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-spection by AttributesNOTE 1Reference to test method
10、s in this specification give only thepermanent part of the designation of ASTM, AATCC, or other testmethods. The current editions of each test method cited shall prevail.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this specifica-tion refer to the individual ASTM and
11、AATCC methods and toTerminology D 123.3.2 Definitions found in a dictionary of common terms aresuitable for this specification.4. Specification Requirements4.1 The properties of woven fabrics for umbrellas shallconform to the specification requirements in Table 1.1This specification is under the jur
12、isdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.63 on HomeFurnishings.Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originallypublished as D 4112 82. Last previous edition D 4112 95a (2001).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
13、 website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O.Box 12215, Research Triangle Pa
14、rk, NC 27709.4Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
15、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Significance and Use5.1 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier,fabrics intended for this end use should meet all of therequirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.5.2 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesth
16、eticsthe ultimate consumer of articles made from these fabrics mayfind acceptable fabrics that do not conform to all of therequirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of therequirements listed in Table 1 may be modified upon agree-ment between the purchaser and the supplier.5.2.1 In such cases,
17、any references to the specification shallspecify that: “This fabric meets ASTM Specification D 4112except for the following characteristic(s).”5.3 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reachedbetween the purchaser and the supplier, and in case ofcontroversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are
18、intended tobe used as a guide only. As noted in 5.2, ultimate consumerdemands dictate varying performance parameters for anyparticular style of fabric.5.4 The uses and significance of particular properties andmethods are discussed in the appropriate sections of thespecified methods.6. Sampling6.1 Lo
19、t SampleAs a lot sample for acceptance testing,take at random the number of rolls as directed in an applicablespecification or other agreement between the purchaser and thesupplier, such as an agreement to use MIL-STD-105D.6.2 Laboratory SampleFrom each roll or piece in the lotsample, cut two labora
20、tory samples the full width of the fabricand at least 375 mm (15 in.) along the selvage.7. Test Methods (see Note 1)7.1 Breaking ForceDetermine the dry breaking force asdirected in Test Method D 5034, using a constant rate oftraverse (CRT) tensile testing machine with the speed of thepulling clamp a
21、t 300 6 10 mm (12 6 0.5 in.)/min.NOTE 2If preferred, the use of a constant-rate-of-extension (CRE)testing machine is permitted. The crosshead speed should be as agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier. There may be no overallcorrelation between the results obtained with the CRT machine and
22、 theCRE machine. Consequently, these two breaking-load testers cannot beused interchangeably. In case of controversy, the CRT machine shallprevail.7.2 Resistance to Yarn SlippageDetermine the resistanceto yarn slippage as directed in Test Method D 434.NOTE 3The precision of Test Method D 434 is bein
23、g established, andit may not be suitable for fabrics with low-yarn counts in terms of endsand picks per inch (see 5.2).7.3 Yarn DistortionDetermine the yarn distortion as di-rected in Test Method D 1336.7.4 Tear StrengthDetermine the tear strength as directedin Test Method D 2262.NOTE 4If preferred,
24、 the use of Test Methods D 1424 and D 2261 ispermitted with existing requirements as given in this specification. Theremay be no overall correlation between the results obtained with thetongue-tear machines and the Elmendorf machine. Consequently, thesetear testers cannot be used interchangeably. In
25、 case of controversy, TestMethod D 2262 shall prevail.7.5 Colorfastness:7.5.1 GasDetermine the colorfastness to Burnt GasFumes (on the original fabric and after one laundering) asdirected in AATCC Method 23 after 1 cycle.7.5.2 LightDetermine the colorfastness to light as di-rected in AATCC Method 16
26、.NOTE 5There are distinct differences in spectral distribution betweenthe various types of machines listed in AATCC Test Method 16, with nooverall correlations between them. Consequently, these machines cannotbe used interchangeably. In case of controversy, results obtained with theWater-Cooled Xeno
27、n-Arc machine listed in Option E shall prevail.7.5.3 CrockingDetermine the colorfastness to crocking asdirected in AATCC Test Method 8 for solid shades and AATCCTest Method 116 for prints, or as agreed upon between thepurchaser and the supplier.7.5.4 OzoneDetermine the colorfastness to ozone as di-r
28、ected in AATCC Method 129.7.5.5 Colorfastness to Chlorine BleachDetermine the col-orfastness to chlorine bleach as directed in AATCCMethod 188.TABLE 1 Specification RequirementsNOTE 1Class for color change and color transfer is based on anumerical scale of 5 for negligible or no color change or colo
29、r transfer to1 for severe color change or color transfer.Characteristic Requirements SectionBreaking strength (load) (CRT): 7.1Dry 154 N (35 lbf), minWet 89 N (20 lbf), minYarn slippage 6-mm (14-in.) separa-tion at67 N (15 lbf), min7.2Yarn distortion: 7.3Satins 2.5 mm (0.10 in.), maxAll other 1 mm (
30、0.05 in.), maxTongue-tear strength 22 N (5 lbf), min 7.4Colorfastness:Burnt gas fumes1 cycle:Shade change, original fabric Class 4A, min 7.5.1Shade change, after laundering Class 4A, minLight (20 AATCC FU) (xenon-arc) Step 4A, min 7.5.2Chlorine Bleach Class 4A, min 7.5.5Non-Chlorine Bleacn Class 4A,
31、 min 7.5.6Crocking: 7.5.3DryWetClass 4B, minClass 4B, minOzone1 cycle Class 4A, min 7.5.4Dimensional change 3 %, max 7.6Water resistance: 7.7Categories based on minimumtime for 1-g weight increaseat head pressure of:2 ft (600 mm)2 ft (600 mm)3 ft (915 mm)30 s, shower2 minutes, rain5 minutes, stormWa
32、ter repellency: 7.8Smooth-textured fabrics:OriginalAfter laundering90 min70 minRough-textured fabrics:Original 80 minAfter laundering 70 minFlammability pass 7.9AAATCC Gray Scale for Color Change.BAATCC Gray Scale for Staining.D41120227.5.6 Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine BleachDeterminethe colorfastn
33、ess to non-chlorine bleach as directed in AATCCMethod 172.7.6 Dimensional ChangeDetermine the maximum-dimensional change as directed in Sections 10 and 11 of TestMethods D 1284.7.7 Water Resistance (Rain Test)Determine the waterresistance (rain test) on the original fabric and after launderingas in
34、7.5 as directed in AATCC Test Method 35.7.8 Resistance to Wetting (Spray Test)Determine the re-sistance to wetting (spray test) on the original fabric and afterlaundering as in 7.5 as directed in AATCC Test Method 22.7.9 FlammabilityThe flammability requirements shall beas agreed upon between the pu
35、rchaser and the supplier, exceptwhen regulated by applicable Government standards.8. Keywords8.1 fabric; performance; specification; umbrellaASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this
36、 standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five year
37、s andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committ
38、ee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D4112023
