1、Designation: D4133 82 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Practice forSampling Phytoplankton with Pumps1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4133; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the procedures for obtaining quali-tative samples of a phytoplankton community by use ofpumping systems.1.2 This st
3、andard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Document2.1
4、ASTM Standards:2D4137 Practice for Preserving Phytoplankton Samples3. Summary of Practice3.1 Water is pumped from a discrete depth and passedthrough a net. The captured phytoplankton are removed fromthe net and preserved as dictated by the objectives of the study.4. Significance and Use4.1 The advan
5、tages of a pumping phytoplankton samplerare as follows:4.1.1 Sample size is more accurately controlled than withthe use of a conical tow net.4.1.2 Discrete samples from any depth are easily obtained.4.1.3 Multiple or replicate samples are easily obtained.4.1.4 They are adaptable to shallow ecosystem
6、s.4.1.5 They allow for a stable collecting efficiency.4.2 The disadvantages of a pumping phytoplankton samplerare as follows:4.2.1 They generally are bulky and frequently require anelectrical source.4.2.2 They generally are costly.4.2.3 They collect only qualitative samples, or semiquanti-tative sam
7、ples when used with a volume register.4.3 There are several special considerations that shall beobserved when using a pumping phytoplankton sampler. Theyare as follows:4.3.1 Pumps can induce mortality of the organisms anddamage the delicate forms.4.3.2 If tubing is not properly cleaned after use, co
8、ntamina-tion of subsequent samples can ensue.5. Apparatus5.1 Pumping systems of various kinds have been used tocollect qualitative or semiquantitative samples of phytoplank-ton. Several papers summarizing these techniques have beenpublished.3,4Although a variety of pump apparatus have beenused, the
9、basic design consists of a pump, generally with avolume register, a base, and a concentrating net, such as asimple tow net sampler or Wisconsin net sampler.6. Procedure6.1 Pump water from a discrete depth and pass through anet. Remove the sample from the net. Preserve the plankton asdescribed in Pra
10、ctice D4137.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E47 on BiologicalEffects and Environmental Fate and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE47.01 on Aquatic Assessment and Toxicology.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originallyapproved in 198
11、2. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D413382(2004).DOI: 10.1520/D4133-82R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary p
12、age onthe ASTM website.3Aron, W., “The Use of a Large Capacity Portable Pump for Plankton Sampling,with Notes on Plankton Patchiness,” Journal of Marine Research, Vol 16, 1958, pp.158174.4Gibbons, S. G., and Fraser, J. H., “The Centrifugal Pump and Suction Base asa Method of Collecting Plankton Samp
13、les,” Journal of Conseil Permanent Inter-national Four LExploration De La Mer, Vol 12, 1937, pp. 155170.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights
14、asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any tim
15、e by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will r
16、eceive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM I
17、nternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D4133 82 (2012)2
