1、Designation: D 4139 04Standard Guide forDetermining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Pigments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4139; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of theproper ASTM test method for determining the volatile andnonvolatile content of
3、 pigments.NOTE 1Test methods for determining the composition of the volatilefraction are not covered by this guide.1.2 The standards included are as follows:Standard Section ASTM DesignationInert or low hiding pigments 4.1 D 280White pigments 4.2 D 280Black pigments 4.3 D 280D 1509Aluminum and zinc
4、pigments 4.4 D 280D 480Blue pigments 4.5 D 280D 1135Green pigments 4.6 D 280Yellow, orange, brown pigments 4.7 D 280D 3724Red pigments 4.8 D 280Miscellaneous 4.92. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and OtherMatter Volatile Under the Test Conditions)
5、 in PigmentsD 480 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing of FlakedAluminum Powders and PastesD 1135 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Blue Pig-mentsD 1509 Test Methods for Carbon BlackHeating LossD 3724 Specification for Synthetic Brown Iron Oxide Pig-ment3. Significance and Use3.1 The nonvolatil
6、e content of raw materials may be used todetermine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint andrelated coatings. Such information may be useful to coatingsproducers and users for the determination of the total solidsavailable for film formation and for the estimation of thevolatile organic co
7、ntent.4. Procedure4.1 Inert or Low Hiding Pigments:4.1.1 Test Methods D 280 contain Method A for pigmentsthat do not decompose at 110C, using a time of2hat105to110C, and Method B for pigments that decompose at 110C,using vacuum to remove the volatile material.4.1.1.1 Test Methods D 280 are applicabl
8、e to anhydrous andhydrous aluminum silicate, barium sulfate, calcium, borosili-cate, calcium carbonate, diatomaceous silica, magnesium sili-cate, pumice, and wet ground mica pigments for determinationof hygroscopic moisture and other matter volatile under the testconditions.4.2 White PigmentsTest Me
9、thods D 280 are applicable totitanium dioxide, white lead, and zinc sulfide pigments.4.3 Black Pigments:4.3.1 Test Methods D 280 are applicable to synthetic blackiron oxide pigment.4.3.2 Test Methods D 1509 is used to determine heating lossin carbon black pigment.4.4 Aluminum and Zinc Pigments:4.4.1
10、 Test Methods D 480 include the determination ofnonvolatile matter in aluminum paste.4.4.2 Test Methods D 280 are applicable to zinc dust (me-tallic zinc powder).4.5 Blue Pigments:4.5.1 Test Methods D 280 are applicable to copper phthalo-cyanine blue and ultramarine blue pigments.4.5.2 Test Methods
11、D 1135 include the determination ofmoisture in iron blue pigments by the Brabender moisturetester and by toluene distillation.4.6 Green PigmentsTest Methods D 280 are applicable topure chrome green, chrome oxide green, and phthalocyaninegreen pigments.4.7 Yellow, Orange, Brown Pigments:4.7.1 Test Me
12、thods D 280 are applicable to zinc yellow(zinc chromate), strontium chromate, chrome yellow, chromeorange, cuprous oxide, natural red and brown iron oxide,1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsib
13、ility ofSubcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.Current edition approved June 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 4139 82 (1999).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Servi
14、ce at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.molybdate orange, ocher, raw and burnt sienna
15、, and raw andburnt umber pigments.4.7.2 Specification D 3724 specifies methods for the deter-mination of moisture and other volatile matter in syntheticbrown iron oxide pigment, requiring use of Test MethodsD 280, Method A for pigments containing less than 8 % ferrousiron oxide and Method B for pigm
16、ents containing more than8 % ferrous iron oxide.4.8 Red PigmentsTest Methods D 280 are applicable tonatural red and brown iron oxide, synthetic red iron oxide, purepara red toner, red lead, and pure toluidine red toner pigments.4.9 MiscellaneousNo recommended methods are avail-able for pigments not
17、specifically listed in 4.1 through 4.8.Procedures to be used for determination of volatile andnonvolatile content of pigments not specified in 4.1-4.8 shouldbe agreed upon between the producer and user.5. Keywords5.1 nonvolatile content of pigments; volatile content ofpigmentsASTM International take
18、s no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own res
19、ponsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be address
20、ed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the
21、 address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D4139042
