1、Designation: D 4140 07Standard Guide for DeterminingVolatile and Nonvolatile Content of Driers, Drying Oils,Naval Stores, and Solvents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of theproper ASTM test method for determining
3、 the volatile andnonvolatile content of driers, drying oils, naval stores, andsolvents.NOTE 1Test methods for determining the composition of the volatilefraction are not covered by this guide.1.2 The test methods included are as follows:Standard Section ASTM DesignationDriers 5.1 D 1644Drying oils 5
4、.2 D 555D 1960Naval stores 5.3 D 233D 889D 1131Solvents 5.4 D 13532. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials,and ApplicationsD 233 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing TurpentineD 555 Guide for Testing Drying Oils3D 804 Terminology Relating to N
5、aval Stores, Including TallOil and Related ProductsD 889 Test Method for Volatile Oil in RosinD 1131 Test Methods of Testing Rosin Oils3D 1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in VolatileSolvents for Use in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and RelatedProductsD 1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of
6、VarnishesD 1960 Test Method for Loss on Heating of Drying Oils33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 drier, nan additive that accelerates the drying of anoil, paint, printing ink, or varnish (from Terminology D16).3.1.1.1 DiscussionDriers are usually metallic composi-tions and are available in both so
7、lid and liquid forms.3.1.2 drying oil, nan oil that possesses to a marked degreethe property of readily taking up oxygen from wood chiefly ofthe pine species (Genus Pinus) (from Terminology D16).3.1.3 naval stores, nchemically reactive oils, resins, tars,and pitches derived from the oleoresin contai
8、ned in, exuded by,or extracted from wood chiefly of the pine species (GenusPinus) (from Terminology D 804).4. Significance and Use4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used todetermine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint andrelated coatings. Such information may be useful t
9、o coatingsproducers and users for the determination of the total solidsavailable for film formation and for the estimation of thevolatile organic content.5. Procedure5.1 DriersMost liquid driers for use in paints and var-nishes are sold as solutions, so usually contain significantamounts of solvent.
10、 Use Method A in Test Methods D 1644 todetermine the nonvolatile content.5.2 Drying OilsTest Method D 1960 covers the determi-nation of moisture and any other material that is volatile underthe conditions of the test. It is applicable to all natural dryingoils. This method should be used only for gr
11、oss contaminationwith volatile materials. It is not a true loss measure since smallamounts of oxygen in the inert gas used will be absorbed by theoil, resulting in a small gain in weight that may more thanoffset small losses.5.3 Naval Stores:5.3.1 RosinTest Method D 889 covers the determinationof th
12、e volatile oil content of rosin or similar material. The oilmay consist of naturally occurring terpene oil or of foreign1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chem
13、ical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4140 - 82 (2002).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at
14、serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
15、19428-2959, United States.nonterpene oil resulting from incomplete removal of solventused to extract the resin from wood or still wastes.5.3.2 Rosin OilsTest Methods D 1131, Section 9, coversthe determination of volatile matter in rosin oils. The term“rosin oil” includes the oils obtained by dry des
16、tructivedistillation of rosin, with or without subsequent redistillation,and also certain compounded oils prepared from a rosin oilbase.5.3.3 TurpentineTest Methods D 233, Sections 20through 22, cover the determination of the evaporation residueof turpentine.5.3.4 Other Naval StoresProcedures for de
17、termination ofvolatile and nonvolatile content of naval stores not specified in5.3.1 through 5.3.3 should be agreed upon between theproducer and the user.5.4 SolventsTest Method D 1353 covers the determina-tion of the nonvolatile matter in volatile solvents for use inpaint and related coatings and m
18、aterials.6. Precision6.1 Some of the referenced ASTM standards have precisionlimits. Reference to the individual standards for precisionstatements is recommended.7. Keywords7.1 driers; drying oils; naval stores; nonvolatile; nonvolatilecontent; solventSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D01 has identified t
19、he location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(D 4140 - 82 (2002) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved July 1, 2007.)(1) Updated definitions drier and naval stores.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conn
20、ection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the respons
21、ible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful c
22、onsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 10
23、0 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D4140072
